Transcript Kingdom Animmaliax

Kingdom Animmalia
By
Kendall Reyes
Diana Ramirez
Itcelia Segoviano
Phylum: Porifera (sponges)
• They feed through pores on
their outer walls.
• They’re driven by flagella.
• Different cells perform
different functions.
• They are both asexual and
sexual.
• Their skeleton is made up of
collegen and spicules.
• Porifera are known as Sponges.
• Their bodies are hollow and
made of a jelly-like substance.
• It can filter up to 100 liters
of water everyday.
Class Calcarea
• Their skeleton
consists of
individual
spicules of
calcium.
• They are
predominantl
y found in
shallow
waters.
Class Hexactinellida
• They are glass
sponges.
• They are
members whose
spicules of silica
fuse in a
continuous and
often very
beautiful
latticework.
Class Demospongiae
• This is the largest
class.
• Their skeletons
are made of spicules consisting of
the protein spongin , the mineral silica ,
or both.
• Most are marine, but several
live in freshwater.
• Some are brightly colored, and
there’s a great diversity in body
shape.
Class Sclerospongiae
• This is the smallest class,
whose skeletons have
three kinds of material:
calcium carbonate, silica,
and spongin.
• These sponges have a
skeleton constructed of
carbonate.
• They have a thin, layer
covering a massive
skeleton of silica and
spongin that support
cells.
Phylum: Cnidaria
• They’re armed with stingy
cells called nematocysts.
• 4 major groups: Anthozoa,
Cubozoa, Hydrozoa, and
Scyphozoa.
• At some point in their lives
they develop a medusa and
a polyp ( vase-shaped,
sedentary stage of
Cnidarian life cycle) stage.
• They have a gastrovascular
cavity that helps them eat
prey. It consists of tentacles
around it.
Class Tentaculata
• The body is spherical
or slightly oval.
• It has two long
tentacles. On each
tentacle there is a
lateral row of fine
filaments.
• It inhabits shallow
waters.
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Class Nuda
A type of comb jellyfish.
Another name for Nuda
is the "mother of comb
jellyfish".
This class has no
tentacles.
They swim with plankton
and can be found in all
parts of the ocean.
The longest the species
can be is around 12
inches long with sac like
bodies and large mouths.
Class Turbellaria
• The majority of the 4,500 species in this
class live in the ocean.
• The most familiar turbellaria is the
freshwater planarian Dugesia.
• They have a soft epidermis that’s ciliated
on the ventral surface.
• Most are marine, but some are found in
fresh water or on land.
• They eat small animals or dead and
decaying material. Food that’s not
digested exits through the mouth.
• Excretory: has flame cells whose cilia
removes excess water and nitrogenous
bases.
• Nervous: there’s eye spots that are
sensitive to light and pointed lobes that
are sensitive to touch.
• Reproduction: asexual and sexual.
Classes Trematoda and
Monogenea
Trematoda and Monogenea
• They both consist of parasitic
flukes: leaf-shaped flatworms
that parasitize mammals.
Trematoda
• They’re parasitic and leaf-shaped.
• They have a thick cuticle to
prevent digestion from the host.
• Nervous/Muscular systems are
mostly absent.
• They produce 1,000’s of eggs
because many die.
Trematoda
Class Cestoda
About 5,000 species of tapeworms exist in this class.
Tapeworms are parasitic.
They live in mammals and elk.
Excretory, muscular and nervous systems may be
absent.
• Nutrients enter by diffusion.
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Phylum: Rotifera (Rotifers)
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There are approximately 17,500 species in this phylum.
Most live in fresh water, but some live in damp soil and salt water.
They’re transparent, multicellular, and free-living.
Males are smaller than females (both may range between 100 to 500µm.)
They survive long periods without water; however, when wet conditions
reappear, they absorb it.
• Cilia surrounds their mouth and pulls in food.
• They reproduce in the process of
: unfertilized eggs develop into
adults.
Class Seisonidea
• Reproduce by sexual reproduction only.
• They are a marine class.
• They live in the gills of crustaceans.
Class Bdelloida
• Reproduce by
parthogenesis.
• They can survive
extreme
temperatures
and desiccation
for years.
• They’re named
“Wheeled
Animacules” for
being the first
rotifers to be
described.
Class Monogononta
• Reproduce by
parthogenesis.
• There’s both
fresh water and
marine species
in this class.
• This class
contains the
largest number
of species
counting with
over 70% of
them occupying
the phylum
rotifera.
Phylum: Mollusca (Mollusks)
• There are more than 112,000
species.
• Mollusks comes from the Latin
molluscus, meaning “soft.”
• Some are fast-moving
predators with complex
nervous systems.
• They are coelomates.
• Most mollusks go through a
larval stage called a
trochopore.
• Their body is divided in two
main regions: the head-foot
and the visceral mass.
Class
Polyplacophora
• They’re commonly
known as chitons.
• They are marine and
the majority inhabit
rocky seashore
environments.
• They will roll up into
a ball to protect
their under surface.
This condition allows
them to roll safely
in the waves.
• Most are
herbivores, but
some are carnivores.
• They’re nocturnal in
behavior.
• The largest and most diverse class of mollusks with over 40,000 species.
• During larval development, they undergo torsion: twisting that brings the mantle cavity, gills,
and anus to the front.
• They move smoothly thanks to wavelike muscular contractions of the foot.
• They’re commonly called gastropods.
• They have an open circulatory system.
Class
Bivalvia
• Species whose shells are
divided into halves (valves)
connected by a hinge.
• This species can close its
shell with their muscles
that are attached to the
inside of each valve.
• The valves consist of three
layers.
• Their nervous systems
consist of three pairs of
ganglia: one pair near the
mouth, another in the
digestive system and one in
the foot.
Class Cephalopoda
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They’re marine and are commonly called cephalopods: head-foot.
Specialized for free-swimming, and predatory existence.
Tentacles stretch out from their heads.
Their jaws resemble a parrots beak.
Their nervous system is the most advanced of all mollusks.
The cells in tentacles sense chemicals in the water.
They have a closed circulatory system.
Many release a dark fluid to distract enemies.
• They were thought to be extinct.
• They’re limpet-shaped mollusks
that are segmented like worms. In
each segment, the internal vital
organs are duplicated.
• They live only in the deeper ocean
areas where they’re away from
predators.
Class
Monoplacophora
Class Aplacophora
• There’s abouT 100 known species.
• Most live in deep water.
• Some bury themselves in sand or mud in the oceans to eat
annelids and other small invertebrates.
• They have no shell.
• Posses a trace of mantle cavity.
• Their feet are absent.
• They don’T have specialized sense organs.
• Males release their sperm into the water and females
release their eggs.
• Includes 200 species.
• The shell is long, cylindrical and
tooth- or tusk-shaped, and open at
both ends.
• The tentacles hang from the head
and are used for gathering the
microscopic organisms on which
tusk shells feed.
• They’re found in both shallow and
deep water.
• Annelid is a term that comes from Latin meaning
“little rings.”
• This phylum consists of about 15,000 species of
worms.
• Most have external bristles called
and some
have fleshy protrusions called
.
• If one segment breaks, the others will still
function properly.
• They have true coeloms and develop from a
trochopore.
Class Oligochaeta
• They live in soil or in fresh
water.
• Oligochaeta means ”few
brisTles.”
• The most common species is the
earthworm.
Class Polychaeta
• About 60% of the species in this phylum are part of this
class.
• Polychaeta means “many bristles.”
• They have antennae and have specialized mouthparts.
• Most are marine.
• Some are swimmers that use their jaws to eat small animals.
While others eat sediment or search the bottom of the ocean
for food.
Class Hirudinea
• Consists of
about 500
species of
leeches.
• The smallest
class of
annelids.
• Most leeches
live in calm
fresh water.
Nematoda (Roundworms)
• There’s more than 28,000 species with 16,000 of them being
parasitic.
• They are bilaterally symmetrical and are surrounded by a
noncellular layer: cuticle.
• They reproduction sexually and are found in every
environment.
• The phylum is divided into 2 classes (Adenophorea and
Secernentea.)
Class Secernentea
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Their excretory system is tubular.
The males have a single testis.
The esophagus varies.
Mostly are terrestrial, they’re rarely freshwater or
marine.
Class Adenophorea
• They have a non-tubular excretory system.
• Males generally has two testes.
• They’re marine, freshwater, and terrestrial.
Arthropoda
Echinodermata
Chordata
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References :D
http://www.wallpapersonweb.com/image-207460.html
http://free-animated-backgrounds.com/desktop/background-ppt.html
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http://www.backgroundppt.com/jenkin-blog-swirl-backgrounds-powerpoint-template
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http://www.powerpoint.org.cn/ppt/FoodPowerpoint/ppt_61485.html
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http://www.sfu.ca/~fankbone/v/lab05.html
http://www.kmle.co.kr/search.php?Search=monogenea&SpecialSearch=HTMLWebHtdig&Page=1
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http://www.infoplease.com/ce6/sci/A0860433.html
http://www.bumblebee.org/invertebrates/ROTIFERA.htm
http://bio.fsu.edu/~bsc2011l/sp_05_doc/Mollusca_2-22-05.pdf
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gastropoda
http://slowmuse.wordpress.com/2008/10/26/bivalvia-in-excelsis/
http://tolweb.org/Cephalopoda
http://www.gulfspecimen.org/catalog/specimens/PhylumAnnelida.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oligochaeta
References :D
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http://nathistoc.bio.uci.edu/Annelids/Nereis2.htm
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leech
http://www.biology.iastate.edu/Courses/211L/Porif/%20Porifindx.htm
http://students.ncwc.edu/bio101/invertebrates/characteristics_of_cnidaria.htm
http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/cnidaria/cnidaria.html
http://www.manandmollusc.net/advanced_introduction/moll101polyplacophora.html
http://www.manandmollusc.net/advanced_introduction/moll101monoplacophora.html
http://www.manandmollusc.net/advanced_introduction/moll101aplacophora.html
http://www.creationguide.com/scuba/gallery.htm
http://www.pnwscuba.com/critterwatchers/pnwmarinelife2009.htm
http://tolweb.org/Demospongiae/20439
http://student.nu.ac.th/46410379/lesson%201.htm
http://www.infoplease.com/ce6/sci/A0859724.html
http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/cnidaria/ctenophora.html
http://www.seawater.no/fauna/ctenophora/pileus.html
http://homepage.usask.ca/~tjf719/nematoda.html
http://plpnemweb.ucdavis.edu/nemaplex/taxadata/Secernea.htm
http://plpnemweb.ucdavis.edu/nemaplex/taxadata/ADENOREA.HTM