Transcript MarineBiology - Invertebrate Investigation Notes (Powerpoint)

Marine Biology:
Marine Invertebrate Investigation
Notes from your class
Presentations on 2/22
Characteristics of major marine phylums
Table of Contents:
Slide One - Intro
Slide Two - Table of Contents
Slide Three - Porifera
Slide Four - Cnideria
Slide Five - Cnideria
Slide Six - Ctenophora
Slide Seven - Mulusca
Slide Eight - Anthropoda
Slide Nine - Echinodermata
Slide Ten - Marine Worms
Slide Eleven - Marine Worms
Porifera
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5000 species
sponges
marine creatures
150 fresh water
simplest cellular organization
o no symmetry
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system of pores and channels for water to
pass through
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sexual and asexual reproduction
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Three main structures
o Tube
o Tube, but bigger
o Big, complex
Cnidaria
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Jellyfish
No body cavity
Asexual
Develop into sexual adults
Sting – bees of the sea
Special cells
Neural toxins
Four classes
Jellyfish
Box jelly fish
Hydroids
Sea anemones.
Cnidaria continued
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Radial symmetry
Central nerve net
Eat, plankton, other jellys
Predator: sea turtles, ocean sunfish, rock fish
May be eaten by human
Coral and sea anemones
o Reproduce by budding or sperm in water (eww…)
o Eat plankton, fish
o Predators: humans
No brains! Four primitive structures
Box Jellyfish has 24 eyes
200 feet long (Lions Mane) to a few centimeters in size
Ctenophora
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Comb Jellys
Not really jellyfish, but they look similar
Lack nitokites?
8 rows of cilia “comb rows”
“Sea Gooseberry”
Pleurobrachia pileus
2 cm in size, max
no real mouths, ‘oral lobes’ instead
eat copepods, larvae, smaller plankton
Reflect light off of cones
Close to surface
Two layers of skin
Protective slim from glands
Food goes in and out the same way (gross!)
Tentacles to catch prey (no sting, but sticky)
Hermaphrodite: both male and female sex organs.
Mullusca
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Mollusks are diverse
Latin for soft
Squids and octopus
Snails and clams have a hard shell, soft inside
Found in all habitats, ecologically successful.
Freshwater and land
Heart, gonads, kidney organs
Normal digestive tract form mouth to anus (butt hole)
Soft body is shared trait of all mollusks
8 classes
Gastropods: snails, sea slugs
Clam, mussels, scallops, oysters
Cephalopods: Squid, octopus
Three other classes (fossilized)
160,000 known species
Continue to grow and expand because they can adapt well
Fossilize well because of hard shell.
Anthropoda
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Arthropod, Greek for ‘joint’
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Segmented body
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Apendage at each joint, connecting to body
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Ventral nervous system
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Dorsal heart
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Exoskeleton
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Larges phylum: 10 million species
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Lots of habitats: salt and fresh water, and land
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12 foot leg span in larger size, or as small as plankton
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feed, sense, and defend with appendages
 Ghost crab (Ocyprode quddrata) or
Sand Crab, dig and move up to 10 mph, sharp 360 degree vision.
Echinodermata
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Sand Dollars and Sea cumbers
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Internal, water filled canals
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Five-fold symmetry
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Sand Dollars move when they are alive, moves water past mouth
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External fertilize
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7000 current species
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10,000 extinct
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Predators: Star Fish
Marine worms
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Annelida segmented worm family
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15000 species
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Body cavity is unique to this phylum
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Closed circulatory system in each segment,
can operate independently
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Digestive tract from mouth to anus
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Bristles along the body, marine worms have Polychaete
(Large Bristled in Latin)
o Used for movement and respiration
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Land worms descended from marine worms
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Some drift like plankton
Marine Worms continued
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Sense organs and jaws on some worms
1 mm to 3 m long
sexual or asexual reproduction
hydro thermal vent environments
burrowed in coral reefs
Tube Worm: colorful, on coral reefs, large groups,
eat brine shrimp
Peanut Worm: gross, eat rotifers
Predators: crab, fish, other crustations (crabs, lobsters)