Transcript CH 7 Web notepacket

Sponges
Cnidarians
Comb Jellies
Jelly Fish and sponges are animals?
Sponges were thought
to be _______
because they_______
___________________
Jellyfish were classified
as the simplest
animals,__________
_________________.
What classifies an
animal?
The ___________classifies an organism
Unique Features of Sponges
Phylum Porifera
• Based on the previous video why
Do sponges need light?________
___________
___________
___________
No Movement (________)
No
Tissue
No
organs
What do sponges have?
• Body is made of special cells that act
like organs; _________________
• ____________________
• ________________ “Mouth”
• ________________: Collar cells:
“heart” _____________: “Stomach”
• _______________: “skeleton”
Examples of Sponges
10,000 species
Glass sponges
Bath Sponge
Calcium Carbonate Sponge
Sponges are classified
Based on spicules “_________”
__________________.
Ex: Silica, spongin, calcium carbonate
Feeding and Digestion
• Suspension feeders (_________________)
• ___________________unicellular algae, bits of
organic matter (detritus)
• Size matters
– _____________--pinacocytes and archaeocytes
– ______________--choanocytes
• ______________do most of the digestion and
storage of food
• Wastes leave via _________
Reproduction
• ________________________
______________________
• _______________ (Can grow
back)
• Sexual reproduction
– Sperm enter though the ostia,
choanocytes carry them to the
egg.
– Larvae usually develop in the
adult then exit through
osculum,.
_______________of Sponges
• Filter feeders: Filter out the water
– Sponges are eaten ______________________
– sponge crabs place a sponges on their back
to camouflage with their environment
- ______________________for animals
Human Importance of Sponges
• _________________: provides
jobs and drives economy in
towns that collect them
Phylum Cnidaria
hydra, stinging jellyfish,
coral, anemones
General Characteristics of
Cnidarians: Jellyfish
• http://video.nationalgeographic.com/video/player/animals/invertebratesanimals/other-invertebrates/jellyfish.html
• ________________
• _______________________
• _________________________ define this group
nematocytes:
stinging cells
Cnidarians
• Have __________________
• _________ or _____ body plans
Cnidarian
Structure
• _________________
• _______________2
tissue layers
(_____________)
– Epidermis
– Endoderm (gastric)
– Mesoglea (jelly)
between the two
tissue layers.
_________________
– __________________
Reproduction in Cnidarians
_____________________:
Turritopsis nutricula after the
Medusa stage it goes back to the polyp and then
Medusa then polyp “forever”
____________________________
____________________________
____________________________
____________________________
____________________________
Feeding and Digestion
• Tentacles with_____________
• ____________________
Blue=anemone mouth
red= fish flesh
– suspension feeders, plankton
– jellyfish are carnivorous-hunt
vertebrates and invertebrates
•
•
•
•
•
•
Tentacles then _____________
________________________
Enzymes digest, cells absorb
__________________________
__________________________
http://www.yourdiscovery.com/
Jellyfish catching fish
Anemone eating mussel
Cnidaria have:
Cnidocytes, stinging cells that capture prey
Nervous System
•
•
•
•
________________
________________
Respond to stimuli from all directions
Nerve net controls responses and movement
Phylum Cnidarians: Include Classes
Scyphozoa: Jellyfish
Cubuzoa: Box Jellyfish
Hydrozoa: Hydroids
Anthozoa: Corals, Sea Anemones
Class Scyphozoa: Jelllyfish
• ______________________, over 280 species:
• http://www.yourdiscovery.com/video/nature
s-perfect-predators-australian-box-jellyfish/
1. Crown Jellyfish
2. Sea Nettles
3. Blubber Jellyfish
Class Scyphozoa (jellyfish)
• _________ = primary stage
• ______________________
Domed Shape
• most are small _________
• _____________________
• largest reach 70+ meters
• And 450 pounds
•
http://videos.howstuffworks.com/discovery/2886
5-discover-magazine-jelly-fish-behavior-and-dietvideo.htm
Class: Cubuzoa
• Not True Jellyfish different then
scyphozoans
• Called______________
• __________shaped not umbrella shaped
like scyphozoans.
• This shape makes them ____________
• _______________________
• Much ____________in Nematocysts
• More developed nervous system
• http://www.yourdiscovery.com/video/natures-perfectpredators-australian-box-jellyfish/
Box Jelly
True Jellyfish
Long Island Scyphozoa
Lions mane can
get up to 8 feet,
normally 12
inches as seen
In the picture to
the right
For Jellyfish
Sting use vinegar
To neutralize the
Venom:
Moon
Jellyfish 410 inches
There sting
does not
hurt people
Jellyfish as Food?
Scyphozoa: Hydrozoa
• ________________________________
– feeding polyps
– reproductive polyps
• ________________________________
• __________________________.
Instead, the colony is suspended from a
gas sac. Usually found in tropical waters
but can be pushed by currents as far
North to Canadian waters
• man o war
Anthozoa
(sea anemones, coral, gorgonians)
• _________________, most are
sessile, never in the medusa
stage
• Most Anthozoans
_______________and
therefore require light to live.
• ___________
• ________________
• __________________
Anthozoa: Corals
________________
_
________________
Reef Builders and
non reef builders
__________are
called ________
corals or Hard
Corals
____________are
called
___________
corals or soft
Soft Coral/non building reef corals
Hard Coral/ reef building corals
Anthozoa: Hermatypic Corals
They obtain part of their energy from_____________
____________________________________________.
They secrete calcium carbonate to form a __________
________.
Hermatypic Corals
Create Reefs called the Rainforest of
the sea
• _______________________
• _______________________
• ___________ ocean contains
coral reefs
• Reefs worldwide provide
economic services worth
$375 billion per year.
___________________________
________________________
• At the current rate of coral bleaching due to
warmer sea temperatures, All coral reef
ecosystems will be gone in 30-40 years.
• Healthy
Bleached
Phylum
Ctenophora
Comb Jellies
Comb Jellies
• Resemble jellyfish,
• Comb plates (rows of
cilia) run along
exterior and propel
the animal
• Most do not have
cnidocytes
• Secrete sticky
substance to bind
prey or net-like
tentacles
Bioluminescence to attract prey, mates,
or perhaps to deter predators
Usually found in deep waters