Transcript Animals Review - OG

Animals Review
For Test: *Animal Diversity Lab
*Animal Dissections:
- Starfish
- Clam
- Grasshopper (studyguide only – no
dissection)
- Expect to identify anatomy – study
pictures and notes!
Starfish Questions
1. How does a starfish feed?
-
Read figure 24
2. Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Echinodermata
3. 6 common echinoderms:
Starfish, sea star, brittle star, sand dollar, sea lily,
sea cucumber, sea urchin
4. 7000 species of echinoderms
5. Live in marine benthic environments (typically
salt water, in the bottom of the sea floor)
6. Triploplastic – having 3 germ layers
Where is the A) endo,
B) meso, C) ectoderm ?
7. A coelom = a true body cavity (lined with
mesoderm)
8. Water vascular system – takes in water for
movement, feeding (filter feeders!),
respiratory and excretory
9. Echinoderm = spiny skin
10. Pedicellaria – pincer-like elements to ward
off ectoparasites (what are they…)
10. Skeleton made of many plates called
ossicles, made of calcium carbonate
11. No brain – a decentralized nervous system
12. Regeneration – regrow limbs; will break off a
body part if attacked (lose a limb, save a life)
13. Digestive organs: mouth, stomach, intestine,
anus
14. Dioecious – each sex is separate organism,
but can’t really tell sexes apart
15. Young starfish have bilateral symmetry;
adults have radial symmetry
*Study the Starfish Anatomy Coloring Picture
*Starfish Lab – Know all the parts/structures and
what they do/why they are important
External Starfish Anatomy
• Madreporite plate*
• Tube feet*
• Mouth*
• Spiny skin/Dermal spines
• Central disc
• Eye spots
• Anus
Internal Anatomy
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Stomach
Digestive gland
Gonads
Ring canal
Radial canal
Ampullae – connect to…
Dermis
Mollusk Questions:
1. Mollusk ex: snail, clam, slug, squid, octopus,
oyster
2. Clam – AKA – Mussel
3. All mollusks share 1 unifying characteristic –
Soft bodied
4. 4 Major regions – mantle, visceral mass, head,
food (Which did you see? What do they do?)
5. Mantle – sheath of skin surround the space of the
clam, attached to shell
6. Secretes for shell, houses respiratory organs (which
are…?) and houses visceral mass
7. Visceral mass contains:
Stomach, intestines, gonads, mouth
8. Food is used for – locomotion
Octopus/squid have siphon for jet propulsion
9. Radula – toothed tongue for scraping food
10. Open circulatory system – blood is not
contained in vessels but circulates via the
heart through open sinuses
11. Gills – for breathing underwater
12. Clams filter feed – water flows in past gills,
mouth; small particles swept into mouth
13. Shells- formed by secretions of the mantle
14. Shell’s inner nacreous layer – composed of
calcium carbonate, can form pearls
15. Hermaphroditic – both sexes in 1 organism
16. Octopus is able to learn and remember
17. Mollusk senses: touch, taste, smell, sensing of
chemicals, sight
18. Live in moist environments – marine or freshwater
19. For food (calamari, escargot, oysters, scallops),
jewelry, medicine, also negative because they are
invasive species – zebra and quagga mussels are
invading Great Lakes
Clam External Anatomy
Function of shell – protection, movement
Bivalve – two valves (two shells hinged together)
Oldest/newest part of shell? How do you know?
How does it open/close?
Clam Internal Anatomy
Adductor muscles
Foot
Visceral mass
Gills
Mantle
Heart
Gonads
Stomach
Intestines
Mouth?
Grasshopper Questions
1.
2.
3.
4.
Phylum Arthropoda
HUGE characteristic – Exoskeleton
Molting – shed exoskeleton periodically
Jointed appendages on legs, mouth parts,
antennae
5. Have bilateral symmetry (what have the other
organisms had?)
6. Cephalization – development of distinct head
region
7. Have a COMPLETE digestive system –
beginning (mouth) and end (anus)
8. Arthropods are divided into 6 classes – LOTS
of diversity in this phylum!
9. Arthropods are the most abundant phylum of
the animal kingdom 
10. Holometabolous (complete) metamorphosis – egg,
larva, pupa, adult
11. Hemimetabolous (incomplete) metamorphosis –
egg, nymph, adult
12. Grasshoppers are…
Hemimetabolous
13. Beneficial contributions: pollinators, food source for
birds/small mammals, vital part of healthy
ecosystems (where in food chain?)
14. Harmful? – eat crops (locust swarms), spend lots of
money on pesticides
15. There are 2.5 – 3 BILLION insects in the world, and
most of them are BENEFICIAL
Grasshopper Anatomy
• External anatomy only
• Study your picture
Animal Kingdom Lab
• Didn’t get these recorded in gradebook – so
please bring back Tuesday!
What to know: Animal Kingdom Lab
• Names of each phylum (or class) - goes with
what kind of animal?
– Ex: Phylum Platyhelminthes is commonly referred
to as what?
– Flatworms
• Can go back to book (Ch 25.2) or online
• Sheets on tables are in a powerpoint on wiki