Transcript INVERTEBRATES - LBHS Biology

INTRODUCTION TO
ANIMALS
Chapter 34
Animal Basics
4 Defining Characteristics
 Morphology (animal bodies)
 Invertebrates versus vertebrates
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4 DEFINING CHARACTERISTICS:
1. eukaryotic, multi-cellular (no cell
walls)
2. heterotrophic
3. sexual reproduction and
development
4. movement
Morphology
 Symmetry
– Radial
– Bilateral
 Germ
Layers
– Endo, meso and ectoderm
 Body
Cavities
– aka Coelem
Morphology (continued)
A
closer look at bilateral body
symmetry
– Anatomy terms
Morphology (continued)
 Cephalization
– concentration of
sensory and brain structures in
anterior region
Morphology (continued)
A
loser look at germ layers and body
cavities
– Animals are either
 Acoelomates:
no body cavity
 Pseudocoelomates: false body cavity
 Coelomates: true body cavity
INVERTEBRATES
Animals without Backbones
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REVIEW: ANIMALS
CHARACTERISTICS:
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REVIEW: ANIMALS
CHARACTERISTICS:
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1. eukaryotic, multi-cellular (no cell walls)
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2. heterotrophic
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3. sexual reproduction and development
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4. movement
PORIFERA
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Phylum of _____________
Digestion, circulation, excretion, and
gas exchange by ___________________
Body support by ____________
No tissues
Sexual and asexual
reproduction
May have evolved from colonial
protists
PORIFERA
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Phylum of sponges
Digestion, circulation, excretion, and
gas exchange by amebocytes
Body support by spongin
No tissues
Sexual and asexual
reproduction
May have evolved from colonial
protists
CNIDARIANS
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Jellyfish, coral, Hydra, sea
anemone, sea fans
Polyp and medusa body forms
__________ symmetry
Tentacles with _________cells
____________cavity with one
opening for digestion
Simple ________ ___ in the outer
epidermis to sense the
environment
Asexual reproduction by
________and sexual reproduction
CNIDARIANS
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Jellyfish, coral, Hydra, sea
anemone, sea fans
Polyp and medusa body forms
Radial symmetry
Tentacles with stinging cells
Gastrovascular cavity with one
opening for digestion
Simple nerve net in the outer
epidermis to sense the
environment
Asexual reproduction by budding
and sexual reproduction
PLATYHELMINTHES
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Flatworms: planarian, tapeworm,
and flukes
_____________ symmetry
_______________ cavity with 1
opening
True muscle tissue
Ganglia and ____________ nerve
cords
Asexual fragmentation and
_____________ and sexual
reproduction
Gas exchange by _______ through
body wall
Acoelomate
PLATYHELMINTHES
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Flatworms: planarian, tapeworm,
and flukes
Bilateral symmetry
Gastrovascular cavity with 1
opening
True muscle tissue
Ganglia and ventral nerve cords
Asexual fragmentation and
regeneration and sexual
reproduction
Gas exchange by diffusion through
body wall
Acoelomate
NEMATODA
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Roundworms: hookworm, pinworm,
heartworm, Trichinella, rotifers, soil
nematodes
________ digestive tract with mouth
and anus
________________ which transports
nutrients
Gas exchange through _______ body
wall
Sexual reproduction
NEMATODA
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Roundworms: hookworm, pinworm,
heartworm, Trichinella, rotifers, soil
nematodes
Complete digestive tract with mouth
and anus
Pseudocoelom which transports
nutrients
Gas exchange through moist body
wall
Sexual reproduction
ANNELIDA
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______________ worms:
earthworm, sandworm, and
leech
Coelomate
________ circulatory system
Many body systems
_______ sets of muscles
Sexual reproduction; most
are ________________
ANNELIDA
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Segmented worms:
earthworm, sandworm, and
leech
Coelomate
Closed circulatory system
Many body systems
Two sets of muscles
Sexual reproduction; most
are hermaphrodites
MOLLUSCA
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Mollusks: snails, sea slugs; bivalves
such as clams, scallops, oysters,
and mussels; octopus, squid, and
chambered nautilus (cephalopods)
All have a __________ _____ and a
_____ that produces a shell in most
species
_________ circulatory system
Gas exchange by _______ in mantle
cavity in water forms or mantle
cavity serves as a ________ in land
forms
MOLLUSCA
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Mollusks: snails, sea slugs; bivalves
such as clams, scallops, oysters,
and mussels; octopus, squid, and
chambered nautilus (cephalopods)
All have a muscular foot and a
mantle that produces a shell in most
species
Open circulatory system
Gas exchange by gills in mantle
cavity in water forms or mantle
cavity serves as a lung in land forms
ARTHROPODA
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Insects, crustaceans, spiders (Arachnids),
centipedes, millipedes
___________of protein and chitin; _____
appendages
_________ circulatory system
________________ tubules in insects and
arachnids remove liquid wastes
____________ _______and/or book lungs
in terrestrial forms; gills in aquatic
species for gas exchange
_______eyes and antennae in many forms
Sexual reproduction with separate sexes
and _____________ fertilization
ARTHROPODA
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Insects, crustaceans, spiders (Arachnids),
centipedes, millipedes
Exoskeleton of protein and chitin; jointed
appendages
Open circulatory system
Malpighian tubules in insects and
arachnids remove liquid wastes
Tracheal tubes and/or book lungs
in terrestrial forms; gills in aquatic
species for gas exchange
Compound eyes and antennae in many
forms
Sexual reproduction with separate sexes
and internal fertilization
IDENTIFY EACH PICTURE AS TO TYPE OF ARTHROPOD
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IDENTIFY EACH PICTURE AS TO TYPE OF ARTHROPOD
crustacean
arachnid
centipede
crustacean
insect
insect
crustacean
millipede
arachnid
ECHINODERMATA
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Besides the chordates, this phylum
contains the only invertebrates that
are ___________________
Examples include sea stars, sand
dollar, sea urchin, sea cucumber, sea
lilies, brittle star, sea biscuit
_________ skinned animals
Unique ________ _________ system
Secondary _________ symmetry with
no segmentation
ECHINODERMATA
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Besides the chordates, this phylum
contains the only invertebrates that
are deuterostomes
Examples include sea stars, sand
dollar, sea urchin, sea cucumber, sea
lilies, brittle star, sea biscuit
Spiny skinned animals
Unique water vascular system
Secondary radial symmetry with no
segmentation
INVERTEBRATES
Animals without Backbones
Check your answers from slide 1, then correct any
that were wrong and add the phylum name.
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INVERTEBRATES
 Invertebrate
Web Quest
 Click on the picture below to begin.
Closed and Open Circulatory
System
Closed circulatory system
Vertebrates, and a few invertebrates,
have a closed circulatory system.
Closed circulatory systems have the
blood closed at all times within
vessels of different size and wall
thickness. In this type of system,
blood is pumped by a heart through
vessels, and does not normally fill
body cavities.
Open circulatory system
The open circulatory system is
common to molluscs and arthropods.
Open circulatory systems pump
blood into a hemocoel with the blood
diffusing back to the circulatory
system between cells. Blood is
pumped by a heart into the body
cavities, where tissues are
surrounded by the blood.