Transcript Document

Cyanospitta spixii
Spix’s macaw
Size - 56 cm tall
Range - tropical rainforest
Diet - herbivore
• habitat destruction, taken as pets, hunted for plummage
The last wild bird has disappeared and the Spix’s Macaw
is now extinct in the wild.
The others remain in captivity.
ENDANGERED
Architeuthis sp.
Giant squid
Size - body 14 m, tentacles 30 m
Range - deep salt water oceans
Diet - carnivore anything it can catch (cannibal?)
Mistaken for a sea monster.
The worlds largest invertebrate.
Can grow to size of bus.
Head houses a complex brain.
VULNERABLE
Thylacinus cynocephalus
Tasmanian wolf
Size - 1.5 m long
Range - semi tropical grassland and forests, mountains
Diet - carnivore own size or smaller prey
• habitat destruction (farming), hunted (threat to livestock)
Hunted to extinction in the wild.
Last one died in a zoo 1936.
Attempts to make to clone from preserved embryo.
It would be the first cloning of animal from the dead.
EXTINCT
Archaeoptryx lithographica
archaeoptryx
Size - size of a crow
Range - tropical swampland
Diet -small reptiles and animals
Lived about 145 million years ago.
The oldest known bird like dinosaur.
Thought to be a flightless dinosaur with wings.
Could not compete with other birds & reptiles.
EXTINCT
California
condor
Gymnogyps
californianus
Size - largest flying bird, 1.2 m tall, wingspan 2 m
Range - grasslands, mountain zones
Diet - scavenger (all animal types)
• pollution affects egg shells, collision with structures
Lifespan - 60 years of age.
Condors communicate with an elaborate system of hisses,
growls, grunts and body language.
There are NO wild birds, but 100+ ‘zoo’ birds.
Birds are being released to be re-establish in wild.
Rarest bird of prey.
ENDANGERED
Coelondonta
antiquaitatis
Wooly
rhino
Size - large 2 m tall
Range - arctic tundra regions
Diet - herbivore (grass and small plants)
• hunted by early humans
Commonly called the woolly mammoth.
These beasts lived during the last Ice Age.
May have been hunted to extinction by humans 40,000
years ago.
May have perished due to climate change at that time.
EXTINCT
Falco
rusticolus
Size - medium
Range - arctic, tundra, mountains
Diet - carnivore (small birds)
gyrfalcon
There are over 60 species of falcons.
This is the largest of all the falcons.
The Arabs are willing to pay over $100,000.00 for a single
white falcon which breeds in the Arctic and Sub-Arctic
region.
Never a common bird, but recently the numbers are falling
and so people are concerned.
VULNERABLE
Nerodia
sipedon
Lake Erie water snake
Size - 1 m long
Range - shorelines
Diet - carnivore of amphibians and fish
Biotic potential or litter size 23 offspring per birth.
Not poisonous but does bite with its sharp fangs.
Produces an anticoagulant that causes the tiniest cut to
bleed continuously as if a vein or artery was cut.
#’s declined because of development along shoreline and
being killed by humans who think they are poisonous.
THREATENED
Raphus
cucullatus
Size - small 20 kg or 50 pounds
Range - warm tropical island
Diet - herbivore of seeds and plants
Dodo bird
It lived undisturbed and nested on the ground and ate
fruits that had fallen from trees in the forest.
Lost its ability and need to fly.
Sailors began killing the bird for food.
Never learned to fear humans….considered stupid.
Clubbed & shot to death by 1750’s.
EXTINCT
Varanus komodoensis
komodo dragon
Size - can grow up to 3 m (10 feet) or more
Range - native to Indonesian island of Komodo
Diet - carnivore of anything it can catch
• habitat loss, killed
World’s largest living reptile (lizard).
Swift runner and can run as fast as a dog.
Drools copiously, mouth full of bacteria.
Only a few hundred left in the wild.
ENDANGERED
Latimeria chalumnae
coelocanthe
Size - 1.5 m long
Range - warm salt water oceans
Diet - carnivore
• over fishing (no food), pollution (habitat loss)
Believed to have gone extinct 80 million years ago.
However a small population was discovered off the coast
of South Africa in 1938.
This fish was caught by fishermen who were deep net
fishing and thought this fish looked bizarre.
VULNERABLE
Coryphodon sp.
Ancient hippo
Size - 3 m tall
Range - temperate marshes
Diet - herbivore of aquatic plants
• competition
Ancestor to the hippo.
Could not compete in a changing world and last seen 50
million years ago.
EXTINCT
Grus
americana
Whooping
crane
Size - tallest bird in North America - 3 m tall
Range - wetland habitat (marshland)
Diet - omnivore of fish and small animals
• habitat drained for farmland
Whooping crane mates for life.
Females lay 2 eggs and both adults incubate them.
If the eggs hatch at different times, the second is often
pushed out of the nest or starved
These birds were once shot for food and sport.
In 1930’s only 23 birds in Texas and northern Canada.
Now about 250 birds.
ENDANGERED
Przewalski’s
horse
Equus
przewalski
Size - stocky pony like animal 1.2 m tall
Range - grassland near mountains, deserts
Diet - herbivore of grass and grains
• Hunted for food by the Chinese and Mongolians.
Only true surviving species of wild horse.
Hunted until there are none in the wild.
Can only be seen now in zoos.
ENDANGERED
Geochelone elephantopus
giant tortoise
Size - large 1100 kg & 1.7 m in length
Range - desert and tropical forests
Diet - herbivore of cacti, fruit, leaves, grasses
• hunted for shell and eggs, habitat destruction
On some islands only 1 tortoise remains, others 100’s.
All are close to extinction as reproduce so slowly.
ENDANGERED
Antilocapra
americana
Pronghorn
antelope
Size - small, size of a deer
Range - great plains (prairie)
Diet - herbivore of small plants, cacti, fruit,
• hunted, habitat destruction, migration
Fastest land animal in North America.
Second fastest land mammal exceeded only by cheetah
Runs at turbo charged speeds of 70 mph with mouth open
and consumes 3X oxygen as other animals.
20 million in 1500’s, hunted down to 1000 in 1800’s.
Now 100,000+, but still could decline again.
VULNERABLE
Plimoera
fisheri
Size - 12 cm
Range - shallow salt water ocean
Diet - scavenger and decomposer
trilobite
Global climate changes wiped them out 450 million years
ago.
EXTINCT
Eubalaena glacial
right whale
Size -17 m long, 60 tons
Range- sub-tropical and sub-arctic oceans
Diet - omnivore of small marine animals and plants
• Increased ship traffic, widely hunted
Rich in blubber and oil.
Easy to catch, slow shallow swimmers.
Named because it was common, easy to harpoon and floated
when dead; it was the RIGHT whale to hunt.
Down from millions to 1000 worldwide.
ENDANGERED
Neofelis
nebulosa
Clouded
leopard
Size - 1 m length, 1 m tail
Range - dense tropical forest
Diet - carnivore of medium to large animals
• hunted for fur and teeth, deforestation of habitat
Numbers in wild down from 15,000 to 4,000, but the wild
population seems healthy.
If numbers continue to fall, will change status.
THREATENED
Ectopistes
migratoris
Passenger
pigeon
Size - small, 22 cm tall
Range - migrates from marshland to open marshland
Diet - omnivore of seeds, berries, insects
• destruction of nesting habitat, hunting
Was once one of the most numerous birds on the planet.
Hunted from 10 billion in 1500’s to zero in 1914.
It was not unusual for some to kill up to 500 passenger
pigeons in a day.
These birds use to carry messages and was used during
WW1 & WW2.
EXTINCT