Transcript PHP: Part 1
Outline
IS400: Development of Business Applications on the Internet
Fall 2004
Instructor: Dr. Boris Jukic
PHP
Introduction
PHP
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PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor
Originally called “Personal Home Page Tools”
Popular server-side scripting technology
Open-source
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Anyone may view, modify and redistribute source code
Supported freely by community
Platform independent
PHP
Basic syntax
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Scripting delimiters
<? php ?>
Must enclose all script code
Variables preceded by $ symbol
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End statements with semicolon
Comments
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Case-sensitive
// for single line and /* */ for multiline
Filenames end with .php by convention
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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN"
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"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
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<!-- Fig. 26.1: first.php -->
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<!-- Our first PHP script -->
Scripting delimiters
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<?php
$name = "LunaTic";
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// declaration
Declare variable $name
?>
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11 <html xmlns = "http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
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<head>
<title>A simple PHP document</title>Single-line
comment
</head>
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<body style = "font-size: 2em">
<p>
<strong>
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<!-- print variable name’s value -->
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Welcome to PHP, <?php print( "$name" ); ?>!
</strong>
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</p>
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</body>
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Function print outputs the value of variable
$name
Variables in PHP
Data type
Description
Whole numbers (i.e., numbers without a decimal point).
Real numbers (i.e., numbers containing a decimal point).
Text enclosed in either single ('') or double ("") quotes.
True or false.
Group of elements of the same type.
Group of associated data and methods.
An external data source.
No value.
Fig. 26.2 PHP data types.
Data types:
Concatenation operator
int, integer
float, double
string
bool, Boolean
array
object
Resource
NULL
. (period)
example : <?php print( “My name is ” . $name .
“and I am from “ . $country ); ?>
Operators and Constants
Arithmetic operators
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Assignment operators
Constants
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Syntactical shortcuts: += , *= , -= etc.
Before being assigned values, variables have value undef
Named values
define function
See example at:
http://sapweb.clarkson.edu/operators.php
Arrays
Group of related data
Elements
Name plus braces and index
Indices start at zero
– count function
– array function
– Built-in iterators
Maintain pointer to element currently referenced
reset
key
next
foreach loops
Connecting to a Database
Interacting with databases
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SQL
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Structured Query Language
Used to manipulate databases
Several useful functions
mysql_connect
mysql_select_db
mysql_query
mysql_error
mysql_fetch_row
mysql_close
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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
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<!-- Fig. 26.19: database.php
-->
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<!-- Program to query a database and -->
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<!-- send results to the client.
-->
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<html xmlns = "http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<title>Search Results</title>
</head>
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<body style = "font-family: arial, sans-serif"
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style = "background-color: #F0E68C">
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<?php
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Build the select query and assign the
string to variable $query.
extract( $_POST );
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// build SELECT query
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$query = "SELECT " . $select . "
Function mysql_connect returns a database
handle which represents PHP’s connection to a
database. If this connection is not made, function
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dieBooks";
is called to terminate script execution.
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// Connect to MySQL
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if ( !( $database = mysql_connect( "localhost",
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"httpd", "" ) ) )
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die( "Could not connect to database" );
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// open Products database
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Function) mysql_query
if ( !mysql_select_db( "Products", $database
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die( "Could not open Products
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returns an object
database"
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containing
the result set of the query, which
we assign to variable $result.
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// query Products database
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if ( !( $result = mysql_query( $query, $database ) ) ) {
Function mysql_select_db is called to specify the
database to be queried.
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print( "Could not execute query! <br />" );
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die( mysql_error() );
}
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?>
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<h3 style = "color: blue">
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Search Results</h3>
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<table border = "1" cellpadding = "3" cellspacing = "2"
style = "background-color: #ADD8E6">
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The for loop iterates through each
record in the result set while
// fetch each record in result set constructing an XHTML table from
for ( $counter = 0;
the results. Variable $counter is
$row = mysql_fetch_row( $result incremented
);
by one for each row
$counter++ ){
Function mysql_fetch_row returns an
retrieved.
array containing the elements of each
row in the result set of our query
($result).
<?php
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// build table to display results
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print( "<tr>" );
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foreach ( $row as $key => $value )
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print( "<td>$value</td>" );
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print( "</tr>" );
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}
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mysql_close(
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?>
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The foreach loop iterates through the
array containing the elements of each row
and prints out each element in an
$databaseThe
); total number of results are printed to the
individual table cell.
client.
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</table>
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<br />Your search yielded <strong>
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<?php print( "$counter" ) ?> results.<br /><br /></strong>
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<h5>Please email comments to
<a href = "mailto:[email protected]">
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Deitel and Associates, Inc.
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</a>
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</h5>
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</body>
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Outline
Connecting to a Database