Transcript Security Risk and Mitigation - National Homeland Security

Security Risk and Mitigation
Mr. James D. Nolan
U.S. Coast Guard Eighth District
Port Security Specialist
Extensive inland river system
Mississippi River
Ohio River
Illinois River
Arkansas River
Tennessee River
7/16/2015
Allegheny River
Kanawha River
Missouri River
Monongahela
Cumberland
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The Value of the Inland Waterway System
Barges Are Efficient
60,000 bbl. two-barge tow
is equivalent to:
80 Rail Cars
OR
300 Trucks
National Strategy for Maritime Security
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Objectives –
Prevent Terrorist Attacks and Criminal or Hostile Acts
Protect Maritime-Related Population Centers and
Critical Infrastructures
Minimize Damage and Expedite Recovery
Safeguard the Ocean and Its Resources
Inland Waterways
 USACE operates 257
locks at 212 sites.
 There are 2321
marine facilities on the
inland river system.
(USACE)
 There are over 5000
tugs and towboats
operating in the U.S.
(MARAD)
National Strategy for Maritime Security
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Strategic Actions –
Enhance International Cooperation
Maximize Domain Awareness
Embed Security into Commercial Practices
Deploy Layered Security
Assure Continuity of the Marine Transportation
System
How Do We Define Risk?
“What should drive our intelligence, policies, operations, and
preparedness plans and the way we are organized is the
strategic matrix of threat, vulnerability and consequence.
And so, we'll be looking at everything through that prism and
adjusting structure, operations and policies to execute this
strategy.”
Secretary Chertoff 4/20/05
National Risk Assessment Process
Strategic
Critical Risk Scenarios
Strategic Terrorism Risk Profile
Threat Data
(Intelligence)
Operational
HQ Review
Strategic
Scenario
Assessment
Area Review
District Review
Tactical
MSRAM
Direct Attack
Scenarios
Exploitation
Scenarios
Transfer
Scenarios
Vulnerability
The vulnerability factors in MSRAM assess the probability that
the layered defense strategy in place successfully protects the
target against the attack.
USCG System Security
State/Local LEA System Security
Target
TargetTarget
Owner/Operator System Security
Target Hardness
Basketball Analogy
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Achievability
– Ability of the opponent to dribble and
shoot a basketball
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System Security – Coast Guard
– Ability of the guards to steal the ball
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System Security – Law Enforcement
Agency
– Ability of the forwards to steal the ball
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System Security – Owner/Operator
– Ability of the center to steal the
ball/block the shot
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Target Hardness
– Probability that the shot goes in
Consequence
• Primary Economic Impact
– Singular
– Target Based
– Easily Definable
• Secondary Economic Impact
– Multi-target Impact
– Indicative of Geographic Considerations
– Very Difficult to Assess and Assume
DM932 Oil Spill
• July 23, 2008
• Down bound Tank
Ship
• Traveling 10 knots
• Right of way
• Initial spill estimate
420,000 gallons
Statistics
• +2300 responders
• +1185 vessels cleaned
• + 26 miles of oil spill
containment boom deployed
• + 200 response vessels
• + 3250 barrels lightered
• + 3000 barrels recovered
• Estimated Economic Impact - 275
million dollars per day during
river closure (7 days)
2011 River Floods
• 45 days of 24/7 operations
(April 19 – June 2)
• Greater than 10,000 square
miles flooded along river,
backwaters, and tributaries
• Extensive damage to buildings
& infrastructure – well over
10,000 homes and
businesses closed and
residents evacuated
• 9 casinos closed and 4 nuclear
power plants threatened
Economic Impact
• Early Damage Estimates from Academics
Ranged from $7-9 Billion
• Dun & Bradstreet Estimated the Following:
– 489,174 Businesses Impacted (95% small <10)
– Significant Impact to Over 2 Million Employees in LA,
MO, MS, and TN
– 483.1 Billion in lost sales revenue
Mitigation Strategies
• Pre-Incident –
– Compliance Programs
• Relationships between Area, Facility, and Vessel
Security Plans Create:
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Creates Unified Security Posture
Increased Communication, including State and Local LE
Large Scale Exercises
Improved Grant Funding
– CG Maritime Law Enforcement Protection
Strategies (i.e. Security Zones and Vessel
Escorts)
Mitigation Strategies
• Incident/Post Incident –
– NIMS Coordination Facilitates Unified
Response Objectives
– Increased Involvement from Port
Stakeholders and
– Direct Communication with Command Post
for Regulated Entities
The Key to Mitigation
• Ranging back to Hurricane Katrina, major
incidents have shown that the Key to
Effective Mitigation is Recoverability.
– NSPD 41/HSPD 13
– National Maritime Security Strategy
– Maritime Infrastructure Recovery Plan (06)
– NVIC 09-02 change 3 (Incorporation of
recovery plans into AMSPs)
MTS Recovery Units
 Track/report MTS impacts
 Consult stakeholders
LANTAREA
 Identify pathway to recover MTS
 Prioritize recovery ops
Districts
 Monitor economic consequences
UC
Sectors
Ops
Planning Logistics
RU
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Finance
Recovery Priorities
• Major Transportation Routes needed for
Emergency Services
• Main Shipping Channels for HS/HD
• Critical Military Ports/Waterways
• Critical Commercial Waterways
• Other Critical Infrastructure
• Secondary Bridges/Tunnels
• Secondary Commercial Waterways
• Public/Recreational Waterways
Common Assessment and
Reporting Tool (CART)
• What Does it Do?
• Provides timely & accurate info across 22
dimensions of MTS (i.e. channels, refineries, locks,
bridges, etc)
• Characterizes extent of MTS impact by comparing
post-incident status to baseline data
• Auto-generates comprehensive “Executive
Summary” to share with chain of command,
interagency community, and port stakeholders
• Serves as web-based, interagency COP for the
broad-scale MTS
CART (cont.)
• What Has it Done?
• Served as Common Operational Picture during interagency
response to Hurricane Ike
• Facilitated response & recovery actions
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Major oil spills in New Orleans & Lake Charles, LA
High water & flooding along the Mississippi River
Collapse of I-35W bridge in Minneapolis
Several hurricanes in southeast U.S. and Gulf of Mexico
• Eliminated SITREP & powerpoint reporting requirements
related to MTS
• Facilitated rapid analysis capabilities for tactical and strategic
decisions
Dimensions of the MTS (CART layers)
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Waterways and Navigation Systems
– Aids to Navigation
– Deep Draft Channels
– Non-Deep Draft Channels
– Locks
– Vessel Salvage/Wreck Removal
– Oil Pollution Incidents
– Hazardous Materials Incidents
Port Area - Critical Infrastructure
– Bridges
– Bulk Liquid Facilities
– Containerized Cargo Facilities
– Non-Container Cargo Facilities
– Shipyards
– High Capacity Passenger Vessel
and Ferry Terminals
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Port Area - Vessels
– Commercial Fishing Vessels
– High Capacity Passenger Vessels
and Ferries
– Small Passenger Vessels
– Gaming Vessels
– Barges
Offshore Energy
– Offshore Platforms
– Offshore Production
– Offshore Renewable Energy
Installations
Monitoring Systems
– Monitoring Systems
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CART & Enterprise GIS
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Questions?