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August 23rd, 2010
Communication_for_Oral_Health
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Communication for Health
for Professional Trainees in DPH
By
Piya Siriphant
Monday, August 23rd, 2010
August 23rd, 2010
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TQF Domains of Learning
•
•
•
•
Knows
Knows how
Shows how
Does
•
•
•
•
•
•
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• Knows
– Specific facts
– Concepts, principles,
theories
– Procedures
Ethical & moral development
Knowledge
Cognitive skills (applying, analyzing & problem solving)
Interpersonal skills & responsibility
Analytical & communication skills
Professional skills
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วัตถุประสงค์การเรียน
1. ทฤษฎีด้านการสื่อสารเพื่อเสริมกระบวนการสร้าง
เสริมสุขภาพช่องปาก
1.1 Communication & health
1.2 – 1.3 Communication theories & key constructs
1.4 – 1.5 Applications to promote oral health
2. เลือกสื่อและสาระที่เหมาะสมสาหรับกลุ่มเป้าหมาย
ทั้งระดับบุคคลและระดับสาธารณะ เพื่อการสร้าง
เสริมสุขภาพช่องปาก
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Content
• Toronto Consensus Statement
• Basic communication theories
• Participatory & persuasive
communication
• Planning & evaluation of communication
for health
• New media and health
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Does NOT include
• Crisis communication, i.e, disasters,
emergencies, civil war, terrorism
• Negotiations
• Intrapersonal communication
• Patient-doctor communication in
clinical setting
• Professional communication
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Com
Why?
Definitions
HC2
Intro
C
H
Importance
A few basics
Communication
Theories
Toronto SM
lntra-p C
Typology
lnter-p C
Gr-Mass C
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Behavior
่
้ ความคิด
• “การกระทาหรืออาการทีแสดงออกทางกล้
ามเนื อ
่
่ ้า”
และความรู ้สึก เพือตอบสนองต่
อสิงเร
(ราชบัณฑิตยสถาน พ.ศ. 2546)
่
้
่ นการ
• “กิจกรรมต่างๆ ของบุคคล ซึงรวมทั
งการกระท
าทีเป็
แสดงออก สามารถสังเกตได้โดยตรงด้วยประสาทสัมผัส
่ เกิ
่ ดขึน
้
(พฤติกรรมภายนอก Overt behavior) และสิงที
ภายในใจแต่ละบุคคล ไม่สามารถสังเกตได้โดยตรง (พฤติกรรม
ภายใน Covert behavior) ได้แก่ การคิด จินตนาการ ความ
่ และค่านิ ยม”
เชือ
(เฉลิมพล ตันสกุล พ.ศ. 2541)
• “An action that has a specific frequency, duration,
and purpose, whether conscious or unconscious.”
(Green & Kreuter, 2005)
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Communication
“… that which happens whenever
someone responds to another
person. The behavior may be
intentional, unintentional, conscious,
received and understood.”
(Broder, Skolnick & Schlussel, 2003)
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Com
Why?
Definitions
HC2
Intro
C
H
Importance
Two basics
Communication
Theories
Toronto SM
lntra-p C
Typology
Gr-Mass C
lnter-p C
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Com
Definitions
HC2
Intro
Communication
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Com
Definitions
HC2
Intro
C
H
Importance
Communication
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Toronto SM
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Toronto Consensus Statement
Communication Practices & HOs
1. Com problems are important & common.
2. Patient anxiety & dissatisfaction are related
to uncertainty and lack of information,
explanation and feedback.
3. Doctors often misperceive the amount and
type of information that patients want to
receive.
(Simpson, Buckman, Stewart, Maguire, Lipkin, Novack, Till, 1991)
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Question
What is the endpoint of any treatment
or a clinical trial?
Treatment
Outcome
Satisfaction
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+
-
+
A
B
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D
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(Lassere, Johnson, Boers, Tugwell, Brooks, Simon, Strand, Conaghan,
Østergaard, Maksymowych, Landewé, Bresnihan, Tak, Wakefield, Mease,
Bingham III, Hughes, Altman, Buyse, Galbraith, and Wells, 2007)
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• QoL is one type of perceptions.
• QoL is defined as individual’s perceptions of
their position in life in the context of the culture
and value system where they live, and in relation
to their goals, expectations, standards and
concerns. It is a broad ranging concept,
incorporating in a complex way a person’s
physical health, psychological state, level of
independence, social relationships, personal
beliefs and relationship to salient features of the
environment.
(WHO, 1998)
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Toronto Consensus Statement
Communication Practices & HOs
1. Com problems are important & common.
2. Patient anxiety & dissatisfaction are related
to uncertainty and lack of information,
explanation and feedback.
3. Doctors often misperceive the amount and
type of information that patients want to
receive.
(Simpson, Buckman, Stewart, Maguire, Lipkin, Novack, Till, 1991)
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Toronto Consensus Statement
Communication Practices & HOs
4. Improved quality of clinical
communication is related to positive
health outcomes.
5. Explaining and understanding patient
concerns, even when they cannot be
resolved, results in a fall in anxiety.
(Simpson, Buckman, Stewart, Maguire, Lipkin, Novack, Till, 1991)
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Toronto Consensus Statement
Communication Practices & HOs
6. Greater participation by the patient in the
encounter improves satisfaction,
compliance and treatment outcomes.
7. The psychological distress in patients with
serious illness is less when they perceive
themselves to have received adequate
information.
(Simpson, Buckman, Stewart, Maguire, Lipkin, Novack, Till, 1991)
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Toronto Consensus Statement
Communication Practices & HOs
(Simpson, Buckman, Stewart, Maguire, Lipkin, Novack, Till, 1991)
8. Beneficial clinical communication is
routinely possible in clinical practice and
can be achieved during normal clinical
encounter, without unduly prolonging
them, provided that the clinician has
learned the relevant techniques.
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Com
Communication
lntra-p C
Typology
Gr-Mass C
lnter-p C
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Intrapersonal Communication
•
•
•
•
The core of self
Needs and motivations
Cognitions
Monitoring the reactions of others
(Burton & Dimbleby, 1995; Berry, 2007)
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Interpersonal Communication
• Key components
– 2+ communicators
– A message: the content
– The medium: presentational, representational
and/or technological
– The channel: what connects the
communicators & accommodates the medium
– A code: system of meaning shared by a group
– Noise: any interference
– Feedback
– The context
• Verbal & Non-verbal
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(Hargie & Dickson, 2004; Berry, 2007)
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A panda
A panda walks into a café.
He orders a sandwich, eat it, then
draws a gun, and fires two shots
in the air.
“Why?” asks the confused waiter,
as the panda makes towards the exit.
The panda produces a badly punctuated
wildlife manual and tosses it over his
shoulder.
(Truss, 2003)
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A panda
“I am a panda,” he says, at the door. “Look
it up.”
The waiter turns to the relevant entry
and, sure enough, finds an explanation.
“Panda. Large black-and-white
bear-like mammal, native to China.
Eats, shoots, and leaves.”
(Truss, 2003)
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A woman, without her man, is nothing.
A woman: without her, man is nothing.
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Why?
Two basics
Communication
Theories
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Basic theories & models
• The process & the semiotic approaches
to communication
• The Shannon-Weaver model of
communication
• Interpersonal communication model by
Hargie and colleagues
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The Shannon-Weaver model of communication
Message
Source
Signal
Received
signal
Transmitter
Received
Message
Receiver
Destination
Noise
Source
(Shannon & Weaver, 1949)
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Com
Why?
Definitions
HC2
Intro
C
H
Importance
Two basics
Communication
Theories
Toronto SM
lntra-p C
Typology
Gr-Mass C
lnter-p C
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