Transcript Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication

Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication
Direction du livre et de la lecture
French Libraries Digitization Policies
and European projects
Thierry CLAERR
Books and Reading Directorate
Ministry of Culture and Communication
Hong-Kong, June 2005
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Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication
Introduction
- Establishing national digitization strategies and policies in a
decentralized country
- and current French and European digitization policies and projects.
Contents
1°) Organization
2°) French digitization policy
3°) Development of European and International Cooperation
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Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication
1°) Organization
Introduction : the decentralization policy
a) At State level, the Books and Reading Directorate
b) The French National Library (“Bibliothèque nationale de France”)
c) French public libraries
d) French academic libraries
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Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication
1°) Organization
a) At State level, the Books and Reading Directorate

defines guidelines regarding public reading and cultural
heritage preservation policy
 provides technical control over libraries
 subsidizes the development of public reading and the
preservation and enhancement of written heritage
 encourages writing, publishing, bookshops and the
promotion of French books abroad.
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Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication
1°) Organization
b) The French National Library
The statutory mandate is :

The constitution and enhancement of collections,
 Processing : the description of documents, their form,
contents and when pertinent, their history,
 Restoration, reproduction and preservation,
 Communication and promotion : developing awareness
of the collections and making them available to the public.
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French national library : the website (www.bnf.fr)
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1°) Organization
b) The French national library’s network
The French national library is at the hub of a documentation network
which implements policies, coordinate legal deposits and creates
documentary policy and guidelines for bibliographic descriptions.
It relies on its network of “partner or associate centers” and
on the French Union Catalogue (“Catalogue collectif de France”).
In its areas of expertise (heritage, bibliography, conservation, training),
the French national library is a major international player.
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Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication
1°) Organisation
C) The French public libraries

3,067 public libraries serving 65 % of the French population,
 31 % of the population use municipal libraries (17 % of subscribers),
 12 public libraries have a regional vocation,
 they employ 39,000 staff members of which 34 % volunteers,
 their combined surface area is 2 million sq. m,
 95.2 million non-heritage printed documents,
 7.6 million sound recordings and 1.3 million videos recordings,
 13.2 million heritage printed documents,
 2,377 public libraries are computerized,
 1,239 libraries offer public Internet access with 4,771 terminals
(with an average of 4 PC per library).
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Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication
1°) Organisation
The French academic libraries

110 university and interuniversity libraries provide documentation
for 1.179 million users,

they employ 5,000 staff members (more than 3 per 1000 students),
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they spend over 70 M€ on document acquisitions,
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their combined capacity is 106,000 seats,

their collections, some 27 million books and 466,000 series titles,
increased for example by 1.2 million books in 2002.
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as for electronic documentation the libraries offer 4,800 electronic
documents and subscribe to 179,000 e-journals and 2,900 databases.
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Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication
2°) French digitization policy
The Policy of the ministry of culture and communication

The multimedia and digital documentary committee
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To improve the French information society
The Internet portal « Culture.fr »
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Programs and initiatives for the development of digital
cultural resources : the national digitization program coordinated
by the Research and Technology Department (MRT)
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Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication
2°) French digitization policy
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Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication
2°) French digitization policy
The Policy of the ministry of culture and communication

Calls for digitization projects :
a call for bids on new digitization projects (April 2005)
170 proposals (131 in 2003) from institutions of various
patrimonial sectors (budget : 2,7 M€ in 2005).

The website « digitization of the cultural heritage »
(www.numerique.culture.fr)
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Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication
The website on digitization of cultural heritage
www.numerique.culture.fr
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The French directory of digitized collections

On the website « digitization of cultural heritage » : www.numerique.culture.fr
A global inventory of Digital Cultural Resource, launched in 2001

More than a thousand records including entries on digitized resources and on the
cultural institutions themselves

The catalogue can be browsed, searched by keywords or cross-reference queries
and offers easy navigation between the various entries

based upon a body of documents in XML format combined with a set of free
software, making the SDX platform (Documentary System XML)
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Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication
Structure of the catalogue (Nov. 2004)
Information on
the institutions



Address
Identification
Contact
(386 institutions)
Information on
the collections






Description
State of the project
Financing
Technical info
Access
Illustrations
(785 collections)
Keyword search, Browse search, multicriteria search
XML catalogue implemented on the open-source SDX platform
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2°) Joint Library Catalogues and national digitization
The French Union Catalogue (“Catalogue collectif de France”)

an instrument for locating online more than 15 million documents
conserved in the main municipal, university and research libraries
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a single search interface for three French catalogues available
on the Internet : BN-OPALE+, SUDOC and BMR

directory of French documentary resources : the national
directory of libraries and documentation centers (the RNBCD)
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a free inter-library loan system available via the Internet
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The French Union Catalogue (« Catalogue collectif de France »)
www.ccfr.bnf.fr
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Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication
2°) Joint Library Catalogues and national digitization

digitization of inventories and catalogues devoted to
specialized documents
- The ongoing computerization of the hundred-year old Catalogue
général des manuscrits des bibliothèques publiques de France (CGM)
- The Enluminures database (www.enluminures.culture.fr)
- The « Aquitaine Patrimoine » portal
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Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication
2°) French digitization policy
Enluminures
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Medieval manuscripts digitization
- The Enluminures database
http://www.enluminures.culture.fr
in cooperation with the Institut de recherche et d’histoire des textes
- The editorial project : Le Moyen Âge en lumière
- More than 80,000 images can be viewed as thumbnails or full-screen
- Others databases on the same subject : Liber Floridus and Mandragore
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Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication
The portal « Aquitaine Patrimoine »
bnsa.aquitaine.fr/
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Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication
2°) French digitization policy

The Digital Library of the French national library
Gallica (http://gallica.bnf.fr)
- one of the largest digital collections available free of charge on
the worldwide electronic network,
- encyclopedic and francophone digital library,
- a digitized collection of some 80,000 selected texts out-of-copyright
digitized titles and 80,000 images
- BibUsages : a study for in-depth knowledge of audience and usage
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Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication
The newest addition to Gallica, “France in America”
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Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication
2°) French digitization policy
C. Public libraries digitization programs
What corpus ?
 Collections related to local history
 Treasured collections
 Iconographic rather than textual collections
Digitize for what use?
 provide a substitute for consultation
 provide a search tool on a corpus / collection
 provide a reprography service
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Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication
2°) French digitization policy
d. Academic libraries digitization policies

The catalogue produced by the University documentation system
contains over 4 million records
 In comparison with German or English academic libraries,
they are rather behind. Some, however, such as the University
of Lille or the Interuniversity medical library in Paris, have launched
ambitious digitization projects
 Persee, the website for scientific journals in the field of humanities
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Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication
PERSEE
www.persee.fr
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Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication
3. Development of European and International Cooperation
For several years, the cooperation between the European Union member
states and France has been acknowledged as a strong determining
factor in the continued creation of a common European cultural area.
Three choices for the European policy of digitization including :
- Cultural diversity,
- Digital content research,
- Balancing economic development, education, tourism, art creation,
social relations priorities.
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Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication
3. Development of European and International Cooperation
a) Minerva Network
b) The European Project MICHAEL
c) The European Library (TEL)
d) The “European Digital Library” initiative
(“Bibliothèque numérique européenne”)
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Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication
3. Development of European and International Cooperation
A) MINERVA network and the National Representatives Group
According to the fundamental Lund Principles (approved on April 2001)
and the Parma Charter (signed on November 2003),
Minerva’s main objectives are :
- to foster mutual awareness of policies and activities underway in the
Member States,
- to exchange good practices,
- to create a common platform of recommendations, standards and
guidelines to establish interoperable cultural portals and use them to
diffuse culture, support research, learning and cultural tourism.
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Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication
MINERVA network and the National Representatives Group
(www.minervaeurope.org)
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Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication
3. Development of European and International Cooperation
B) The European Project MICHAEL
(Multilingual Inventory of Cultural Heritage in Europe)
 Initiatied earlier this year the MICHAEL project seeks to provide
a multilingual portal to European cultural heritage material
 Part of the eTen European program, MICHAEL is a Minerva spin
off which built upon the joint interoperability and inventories
efforts of Italy, France and the United Kingdom.
 It will define a common approach and provide a model of digital
cultural heritage services that will be applied across the
participating nations.
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Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication
3. Development of European and International Cooperation
C) The European Library (TEL)
The European Library Office launched an operational internet
service TheEuropeanLibrary.org on March 17, 2005
 created under the auspices of CENL, the Conference of European
National librarians,
 this European Project unites Europe’s national libraries resources
by providing a discovery and multilingual access tool for
researchers, academics and ordinary citizens.
This discovery and access tool will support the various character
sets in use in CENL libraries.
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Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication
The European Library (TEL)
www.theeuropeanlibrary.org
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Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication
3. Development of European and International Cooperation
D) The “European digital library” initiative
 The Google Mass Digitization Project : digitization of 15 M books
from five major research libraries (Harvard, Michigan, New York
Public, Oxford, Stanford).
 Jean-Noël Jeanneney, the French National Library’s president,
initiated the creation of a “European digital library” which received
support from French President Jacques Chirac.
 April 2005, 19 European national libraries called upon the EU
authorities to develop programs to coordinate the EU national
libraries digitization projects.
 6 European countries (France, Poland, Germany, Italy, Spain and
Hungary) currently support the creation of a European digital library.
 May 2005, the European commission gave its approval.
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Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication
Conclusion
Digitization is an essential step that the European cultural
institutions should take to :
- preserve and promote Europe ’s collective cultural heritage,
- safeguard cultural diversity,
- provide citizens with improved access to heritage,
- enhance education and tourism,
and contribute to the development of the new digital content and
service industries.
Thank you for your attention
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