Transcript Introduction to LIS 670

LIS 670
Introduction to Information
Science and Technology
donna Bair-Mundy
Course Web page
http://www2.hawaii.edu/~donnab/lis670/
Online version of syllabus
System
Environment
Inputs
Outputs
Transformational
products
processes
energy
money
materials
personnel
information
services
U
s
e
r
s
Environment:
The
library system
Institution/community
economy
Environment
requests
laws
community standards
Inputs
Environment: U
Filtering
Transformational Outputs s
Network
security
e
processes
r
s
The library system
Environment
requests
Inputs:
U
publications
Inputs Transformational Outputs s
indices
e
processes
labor
r
funds
s
Inputs:
knowledge
bibliometrics
The library system
Environment
requests
U
Transformational
s
Inputs
Outputs
Processes:
Transformational
processes:
e
HTML
processes
cataloging
r
indexing
digitizing
s
computer hardware
Web page
networks
creation
packet switching
The library system
Outputs:
requests
loans of
materials
bibliographies
reference
Outputs
Transformational
services
processes
e-journals
blogs
Environment
Inputs
U
s
e
r
s
Outputs:
dissemination &
access
The library system
Environment
Inputs
requests
Users:
patrons
U
staff
Transformational Outputs s
User
studies
e
processes
r
s
Course activities
In-class lectures
In-class discussions
Laulima discussions
In-class presentations
Exercises and projects
Major Course
Assignments
Recommend.
user study
Filtering
articles
Nahl
Ex. 1
Internet
use policy
Evaluate
OPAC
Todd
Spool
Ex. 2
Dervin &
Nilan
Ex. 3
Ex. 4
Garlock
&
Piontek
Ex. 5
Saracevic
Web
portal
Final paper &
presentation
Technology tools
Internet-connected computer
Software:
Powerpoint
SSH (free at UH Web site)
Word processor
Exercise instructions
Exercise instructions
Exercise instructions
Exercise Two instructions
Exercise Five instructions
Older instructions
Running Powerpoint presentations
Interlacing
Welcome to the
Luddite Library
Web Page
Welcome to the
Technophile
Library Web Page
We hope you'll find
everything you need.
We hope you'll find
everything you need.
Non-interlaced image
Interlaced image
Printing Powerpoint presentations
LIS 605 Web page : lectures
Notes page
On index card:
•
•
•
•
Your "real" name (first and last)
What you like to be called
Your interests
What type of library you would
like to work in
Laulima discussions
donnab
*********
https://laulima.hawaii.edu/portal
Laulima discussions
Discussion and
Private Messages
Laulima discussions (cont'd)
Laulima discussions (cont'd)
Introducing yourself on
Laulima
Your name
Academic background
Experience in libraries
Experience with computers
Something interesting about
yourself
Something you would like to learn
in this course
Exercise One: What makes
a good Web page?
Select a well-designed Web site
What makes it a good Web site?
Means of finding information on
the site
Navigation aids
Post your analysis on Laulima
Online readings
Online readings
Electronic reserves
(e-reserve)
http://library.manoa.hawaii.edu/
Electronic reserves (cont’d)
Electronic reserves (cont’d)
Electronic reserves (cont’d)
Electronic reserves (cont’d)
Electronic reserves (cont’d)
Electronic reserves (cont’d)
McBooklover
*********
Electronic reserves (cont’d)
Bush discussion
Bush discussion
Discussion question:
What is
information?
Definitions
• Data – Sets of symbols
representing captured evidence
of activities, transactions, and
events
• Information – That which
carries ideas; selected and
manipulated data
Source: Pao, Miranda Lee. 1989. Concepts of information
retrieval. Englewood, CO: Libraries Unlimited.
Definitions (cont’d)
• Knowledge – Processed
information which has
produced a change in the
intellectual framework of
learning within an individual.
Not all contacts between
information and individuals
result in knowledge acquisition.
Source: Pao, Miranda Lee. 1989. Concepts of information
retrieval. Englewood, CO: Libraries Unlimited.
Thought question:
What is communication?
Shannon & Weaver
Communication in libraries
Communication
“Communication is the use of
words, letters, symbols, or
similar means to achieve
common or shared
information about an object or
occurrence.”
(Cherry 1978, 216)
Types of communication
Reference
Communication models
Linear models
Trace a one-way flow of
messages with the speaker or
sender developing or encoding
a message that would be sent
over a channel or channels to
be received by a listener or
receiver
Communication models (2)
Interactional models
Take into account critical
importance of feedback—
signals or messages that tell
the sender what is happening
at the receiving end of the
process
Shannon-Weaver
Communication Model
Channel
coded
Transmitter
Source
Receiver
decoded
Destination
Source: Pao, Miranda Lee. 1989. Concepts of information
retrieval. Englewood, CO: Libraries Unlimited.
Shannon-Weaver model
(cont’d)
• Information source produces
message
• Transmitter operates on the
message in some way to
produce a signal suitable for
transmission over the
chosen channel
Shannon-Weaver model
(cont’d)
• Channel is the medium used to
transmit the signal from the
transmitter to the receiver. It
can be a beam of light, a band
of radio frequency, etc.
Shannon-Weaver model
(cont’d)
• Receiver accepts and decodes
signals into information
• Destination is the person or
thing for whom the message is
intended
Shannon-Weaver
Communication Model
Channel
coded
Transmitter
Source
Receiver
decoded
Destination
Remote user sending
request to Library OPAC
Telephone
Channelline
coded
Transmitter
Modem
Receiver
Modem
decoded
Find
Harry
Potter
Find
Harry
Potter
Source
Destination
Remote
user
OPAC
Coding for telephone
transmission
011011
011011
pitch
(voice of
real opera
singer)
pitch
pitch
Analog versus digital
signals
time
time
time
analog
digital
binary
Representing binary data in an
analog environment
Carrier
wave
Frequency
modulation
0
1 1
0
1 1
Amplitude modulation
Carrier
wave
Amplitude
modulation
0
1
0
1
Phase shift modulation
Carrier
wave
Phase
shift
modulation
1
0
1
0
Modem transmission
modem
modem
0
0 1 1
11
Informativeness
• The informativeness of a message
is that property which reduces
uncertainty in the intended
recipient . . . In other words,
information is concerned with the
degree of change to the knowledge
state of the recipient as compared
with the original state prior to the
exposure to the message.
Informativeness (2)
• Information is a measure of
one’s freedom of choice when
one selects a message.
Bobville
Hi!
I'm Bob!
Bob
Bob
Bob
Choices of name: 1
Bob
Years later . . .
Bob
Hi!Bob
I'm Bill!
Bill
Bill
Bob
Bob
Choices of name: 2
Bill
Bill
Weaver’s 3 levels of the
communication problem
Level
Concern
Affects
Technical
Accuracy
Message
Semantic
Precision
Meaning
Effectiveness
Intended
Response
Behavior
Level one: technical
Was the signal
accurate?
Grand Jury
It depends on
the meaning of
"is"
Level two: semantic
What does it
mean?
Grand Jury
Level three: effectiveness
What did the
grand jury do?
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?
Grand Jury
Weaver's level 1: OPAC
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neom*,39&%%mki
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OPAC
Weaver's level 2: OPAC
Press Enter
to continue
OPAC
Weaver's level 3: OPAC
Libraphile, Lisa
The joys of
library school
OPAC