Transcript Preparation Dental Students for Community

Preparing Dental
Students for CommunityBased Education
Margot Stein, Ph.D.
UNC School of Dentistry
CCPH Consultancy Network
June 21, 2005
1
How to maximize student
learning and a community
mindset?
An integrated dental curriculum:
–
–
–
–
Pre-clinical
Social
Behavioral
Community
2
The curriculum
• UNC: 4-year required and elective
curriculum in social, community, behavioral,
and ethical issues
• First Year, Fall: Social and Ethical
Issues in Dental Practice
• First Year, Spring: Health Care Systems
• First Year, Summer: 1 months elective
(DISC)
3
The curriculum
Second Year, Fall: Behavior,
Communication & Culture-Child
Second Year, Spring: Behav., Commmun. &
Culture; Adolescent/Adult/Cultural
Competence and Communication Skills
Second Year, Summer: Behav., Commun. &
Cult.-The Elderly
Second Year, Summer: DISC elective 1 mo.
4
The curriculum
Third Year, Spring: Geriatric Dent.
Third Year, Summer: DISC 2 months
required
Fourth Year,Fall: DISC 1 mo. Elective
Fourth Year: Clinical Geriatric Dentistry
1 week
Fourth Year, Fall: Legal and Ethical Aspect
of Dental Practice
Fourth Year, Spring: DISC Capstone 4-5 wk
5
Behavior, Communication,
and Culture
• 2-credit course that is part of behavioral
sciences curriculum in 2nd year of dental
school
• Examines how dental students & their
patients interact
• How these interactions are shaped by
individual differences, society, culture
6
• Explicitly teaches (verbal and
nonverbal) communication skills
• Awareness of individual differences
• Respect for individual differences
• Ways to educate dental patients in
preventive care using appropriate
educational materials
7
Communication Skills
•
•
•
•
Conflict negotiation skills
How to present bad news
Dealing with difficult people
Communication on a dental team
8
Cultural Awareness
Awareness is a step towards cultural
competence:
• What is culture?
• What is the student’s individual
culture?
• What is the culture of dentistry?
9
Towards Cultural
Competence
What is cultural competence?
• How does one compare different cultures?
• What are stereotypes? Generalizations?
• Is there one “Hispanic/Latino” culture?
African-American culture?“Asian” culture?
• What is the relationship between class and
culture?
10
Behavior Communication
& Culture
This course also addresses:
• Adolescent Development, Transition
to adulthood
• Dental Fear and Anxiety
• Mental Health issues in Dentistry
11
Interactive Teaching
Strategies
• Break-out discussion groups of 8
for problem based learning, projects,
presentations to larger group
• Videos of real/simulated dental
provider/patient interactions to
analyze communication and problemsolving strategies
12
Interactive Teaching
Strategies
• Role-plays of specific issues
• Students conduct observations of interactions
between 4th year dental students and patients
according to established criteria.
• Students then write 2-page essay describing
behavior and reflecting on what they saw in terms
of course content
• Students create their own videos of simulated
dental provider/patient interactions
13
Interactive Teaching
Strategies
• Communication skills survey given on 3
different occasion to both dental student
and his/her patient that day.
– Answers entered on laptop in interview of
patient into electronic survey database
– Students compare own and patient’s answers
– Write an essay on observations with
reflections on what saw and learned
14
Summary of Critical
Elements
For students:
• Learning to listen
• Observation
• Reflection, reflection, reflection
• Interaction
• Critical thinking/
• Group learning/teamwork
15
Summary of Critical
Elements
For teachers:
• STRUCTURE
• Clear expectations
• Clear and explicit instructions for exercises,
grading criteria
• Provide climate of tolerance and support
• Insist on respect and accountability
• Listen to and observe dynamics and individuals and
learn from it
16
THANK YOU!
MUCHAS GRACIAS!
17