Transcript Justification_Poverty Alleviation

CARICOM
Justification for the sub-themes
and Caribbean Specific ICT
Indicators impacting
POVERTY ALLEVIATION
CARICOM Workshop On The Development Of Caribbean Specific
Information And Communication
Technologies (CSICT) Statistics And Indicators
St. John’s, Antigua and Barbuda
6-9 December 2011
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Content of Presentation
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Introduction
Definitions
Development of Sub-themes and justification
Proposed CSICT Indicators and justification
Tables
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Definition of the ICT sector
“All technologies and products that process, transmit, and
display information electronically, including that section of
the content industry that is engaged in the transformation
of products for electronic distribution (online or otherwise).
The definition includes the manufacture of ICT goods, the
delivery of ICT services, the trade in ICT goods, inclusive of
the retail trade in ICT goods (that is accompanied by
services incidental to the sale) and other incidental ICT
enabling activities”.
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Definition of Poverty
• “How can ICT4D impact Poverty Alleviation?”.
• What is poverty?
• Poverty is defined "a condition characterized by
severe deprivation of basic human needs,
including food, safe drinking water, sanitation
facilities, health, shelter, education and
information. It depends not only on income but
also on access to services." (World Summit on
Social Development in Copenhagen in 1995)
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Definition of Poverty
The poor essentially lack the basic capacity to
participate effectively in society.
They cannot take advantage of opportunities
and their options and choices are therefore
limited.
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Definition of Poverty
Deprivation of:
• Information
• Education
• Food and Water
• Health
• Sanitation Facilities
• Shelter
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Development of Sub-themes
The justification of the following sub-themes
therefore arise out of the need to address:
– Information Deprivation
• Communication and Community access
• Type of E-information received
• Quality of E-information accessible
– Education Deprivation
– Income/ Consumption/Affordability
• Deprivation of Food and Shelter
• Deprivation of adequate Health and Sanitation
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Development of Sub-themes Information Deprivation
Communication and Community Access
Access to:
Radio
Television
Telephone (land and mobile)
Availability of:
Broadcast media – radio and television
Internet-based communications network
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Sub-themes- Information Deprivation
Communication and Community Access
Justification:
– Access to and receipt of information that can affect
personal decision-making relative to: employment,
access to services and education that can bring
them out of the state of poverty.
– It can therefore improve the number of households
and individuals (including ethnic
minorities/indigenous groups) who have access to
information.
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Sub-themes- Information Deprivation
Communication and Community Access
Communication and Community Access
Proposed Indicators:
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Proportion of households below the poverty line with access to other
forms of telephony e.g. radio telephony
No. of public internet access areas (eg. hot spots, libraries) by
region/parish.
No. of internet cafés by service provided and region/parish.
Cost of service provided in internet cafés.
No. of computers per household (by type).
No. of households with an internet subscription (by type of service).
Cost of internet subscription (by type).
No. of internet service providers (by type of service provided).
No. of subscribers (by type of service subscribed to).
Total No. of hours spent using the internet per week by type of use.
Sub-themes- Information Deprivation
Communication and Community Access
Indicator Relevance: Issue Ability to Access Information
No.
HH14
Proposed CSICT
Justification
Proportion of households below the
poverty line with access to other
forms of telephony
Facilitates access to information in
the absence of the traditional
communication IT services in
remote areas.
HH15
No. of public internet access areas (eg
hot spots, libraries) by region/parish.
HH16
No. of internet cafés by service
provided and region/parish
More computers whether private
or public and subscribers will cater
for the demands of users al more
accessibility of information
HH17
No. of computers per household by
type
HH18
No. of households with an internet
subscription by type of service
HH19
No. of internet service providers by
type of service provided
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Sub-themes- Information Deprivation
Communication and Community Access
Indicator Relevance: Issue Ability to Access Information
No.
HH20
HH21
Proposed CSICT
Justification
Cost of internet subscription (by type)
Cost will affect time spent on
internet and affect one’s ability to
access the information when
needed. Eg an unemployed youth
looking for a job may need to
access information on how to
prepare for an interview.
HH22
Total No. of hours spent using the
internet per week by type of use
Cost of service provided in internet
cafés
Depending on what the internet is
being used for, and the ability of
the person to access and apply the
information needed; more time
spent could translate into greater
access and receipt of information
and services enabling decision12
making.
Sub-themes- Information Deprivation
Communication and Community Access
Justification: Type and quality of E-Information received
• There are no guarantees that improved access to ICTs leads to
poverty reduction. It takes more than processing and
communicating information.
• The information presented should be:
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timely
easily and readily accessible, retrievable and understood.
relevant
customized and formatted to suit the needs of the various target groups
taking into consideration:
• their level of literacy, skills,
• educational level, interest
• and their specific information needed to affect personal decision-making
relative to employment, access to services and education that can bring them
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out of the state of poverty.
Sub-themes- Information Deprivation
Communication and Community Access
Indicator Relevance: Quality of E- Information
No.
HH23
Proposed CSICT
Justification
The number of local radio and
television programmes targeting the
poor by type of information shared.
HH24
Proportion of households accessing
local radio and television programmes
targeting the poor by type of
information shared.
If persons can access specific
information needed to affect
personal decision-making
relative to employment, access
to services and education they
can be brought out of the state
of poverty.
HH25
Proportion of households accessing
quality e-Information via the internet.
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Sub-themes- Education Deprivation
Justification:
For ICT to impact this area, it must address some of the reasons
why children and adults are deprived of at least a primary-level
of education. Much of these reasons are linked to what the
household can afford given the income level and the basic
consumption needs such as food and water, shelter, clothing,
transportation vs the services they can access.
These unmet needs along with other social and family issues can
lead to truancy and children forced to into work rather than
attending school. Other reasons might be the lack of basic
health care and sanitation facilities, availability and accessibility
of schools and trained teachers. Poor performance also
increases the chances of school drop-outs. ICT can provide
improved access to education up the primary level and remedial
schooling, vocational training for adults who were deprived of
education.
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Sub-themes- Education Deprivation
Justification:
Can ICT Improve Educational Attainment?
– Improve competencies in Reading, Numeracy and
Arithmetic
– Enhance vocational training and remedial Adult
education; Home-schooling
– Can ICT reduce the cost of health care whilst
improving the access to quality health care?
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Sub-themes- Education Deprivation
Indicator Relevance: Improving literacy and numeric skills
No.
ED11
Proposed CSICT
Justification
No of youths trained/ graduated in ICT
related fields
Enhance one’s chances of
accessing higher paying jobs
ED12
Proportion of pupils/students using
audio/visual aids at home to develop
ED13
The use of audio and visual aids
whether at school or home can
skills in reading and computation skills. improve literacy and cognitive
development.
No. of hours spent using the computer
at home by type of use? (playing
educational computer games)
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Sub-themes- Income Deprivation
Justification:
Can ICT increase Household Incomes?
– Create new jobs reduce unemployment
– Enhance one’s chances of accessing higher paying
jobs
– Improved Educational Attainment
– Offers the opportunity of earning extra income as a
technician, internet –service provider, business-cell
phones, IT goods and services , trainer/ lecturer,
phone-card vendors
– Provides more disposal income, increase savings
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Sub-themes- Income Deprivation
Justification:
• Traditionally the poor are found in regions with limited
agricultural potential and far from main national
markets. Their livelihoods include subsistence farming,
waged work and industrial related type jobs. They
typically rely on work which is insecure, low paid,
unhealthy and unsafe. Many work in the informal
sector.
• ICT can improve the agricultural potential of rural areas
and production by reducing cost whilst improving yield
per acre. It can also improve on traditional farming
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methods.
Sub-themes- Income Deprivation
Indicator Relevance: Improving on the characteristics of the jobs of the poor
No.
Proposed CSICT
LIV15
No of farmers receiving information on
the weather by type of communication
device.
LIV16
Justification
Timely e-information (e-weather,
e-agriculture) is critical for
decision making in the field and
can make the difference in
No of farmers receiving information on quantity and quality of production
and hence the income the farmer
the market prices by type of
can receive. It allows the farmer to
communication device
remain competitive whilst
ensuring he gets the best possible
price for his produce.
LIV17
Proportion of persons accessing
information (that enable them to
make decisions to enhance their
livelihood) by type of information.
LIV18
No of new ICT jobs created by sector
and skill level required
Reduce unemployment provide
opportunities to increase
household income
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Sub-themes- Income Deprivation
Indicator Relevance: Improving on the characteristics of the jobs of the poor
No.
Proposed CSICT
Justification
LIV19
Issue – ICT type jobs attract higher
salaries
Number of ICT type occupations by
income
ICT can provide increase access to
and opportunity for training,
education advancement,
information and knowledge
sharing
LIV20
LIV21
Improve occupational health and
safety on the job
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Sub-themes- Health Deprivation
Indicator Relevance: Health and Sanitation
No.
HLT1
Proposed CSICT
Justification
No of Health care institutions with
internet access
Can lead to a reduction in cost of
health care whilst improving
access and reach.
HLT2
Easier Access to and retrieval of
information, patient referrals; facilitate
use of health insurance cards;
processing of claims.
HLT3
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TABLES
HH14 Proportion of households below the poverty line with
access to other forms of telephony
Indicator: HH14 Proportion of households below the poverty line with access to other forms of telephony
No. of Households below the poverty line with access to other forms of telephony
Forms of Telephony
2005
Urban
2006
Rural Urban
2007
Rural Urban
2008
Rural Urban
2009
Rural Urban
2010
Rural Urban
Rural
Radio
Internet Telephony
Resale of Telephony
Fixed Wireline Network
Fixed Wireless Network
Any form of Cellular Network
Fixed Telephony
Mobile Telephony
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TABLES
Indicator: HH15 No. of public internet access areas
(eg hot spots, libraries) by region/parish.
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TABLES
Indicator: HH14 Proportion of households below the poverty
line with access to other forms of telephony
Thank you for your attention
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