Transcript Chapter 04
Chapter 04 Personal and Professional Qualities of a Health Care Worker Copyright © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 4:1 Personal Appearance • Appearance communicates confidence and self-esteem • First impressions are based on appearances and form quickly • Rules about appearance may vary • Professional standards apply to health careers Copyright © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Good Health • Promote health and preventing disease • Main factors – Diet – Rest – Exercise – Good posture – Avoid use of tobacco and drugs Copyright © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Professional Appearance • • • • • Uniform Clothing Name badge Shoes Personal hygiene Copyright © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Professional Appearance (continued) • • • • Nails Hair Jewelry Makeup and tattoos Copyright © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 4:2 Personal Characteristics • Certain personal/professional characteristics and attitudes apply to all health occupations • Make every effort to develop these characteristics and attitudes and incorporate them into your personality Copyright © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 4:2 Personal Characteristics (continued) • • • • Empathy Honesty Dependability Willingness to learn • Patience • Acceptance of criticism • Enthusiasm Copyright © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 4:2 Personal Characteristics (continued) • • • • • • Self-motivation or self-initiative Tact Competence Responsibility Discretion Team player Copyright © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 4:3 Effective Communications • Health care workers must be able to relate to patients, families, coworkers, and others • Communication skills assist in this process • Communication – Exchange of information, thoughts, ideas, and feelings Copyright © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 4:3 Effective Communications (continued) • Verbal – Spoken words • Written • Nonverbal – Facial expressions, body language, and touch Copyright © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Communication Process • Essential elements – Sender – Message – Receiver – Feedback Copyright © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Communication Process • • • • • Message must be clear Sender delivers message clearly and concisely Receiver hears and receives message Receiver understands message Avoid interruptions and distractions Copyright © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Listening • • • • • • Essential to communications Attempt to hear what another is really saying Need constant practice Learn good listening skills techniques Observe speaker closely Reflect statements back to speaker Copyright © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Nonverbal Communication • Facial expressions, body language, gestures, eye contact, and touch • Can conflict with verbal message • Be aware of your own and others’ nonverbal behaviors Copyright © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Nonverbal Communication (continued) • Do not always need verbal communication to communicate effectively • When verbal and nonverbal messages agree, the receiver is more likely to understand the message Copyright © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Barriers to Communication • Something that gets in the way or limits clear communication • Common barriers – Physical disabilities – Psychological attitudes and prejudice – Cultural diversity Copyright © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Barriers to Communication (continued) • Physical disabilities – Deafness or hearing loss – Blindness or impaired vision – Aphasia or speech impairment Copyright © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Barriers to Communication (continued) • Psychological barriers – May be caused by prejudice, attitudes, and personality – Important to respect all individuals – Fear may cause anger or negativity – Learn from workers who communicate effectively with patients Copyright © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Barriers to Communication (continued) • Cultural diversity – Beliefs and practices regarding health and illness – Language differences – Eye contact – Ways of dealing with terminal illness/severe disability – Touch Copyright © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Recording and Reporting • • • • Important part of effective communication Use all senses in the process Report promptly and accurately Know the difference between subjective and objective observations Copyright © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Recording and Reporting (continued) • Understand the criteria for recording observations on a patient’s health care record or electronic health record (EHR) • HIPAA regulations Copyright © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 4:4 Teamwork • In any health care career, you will be part of an interdisciplinary health care team • Team goal – Provide quality holistic health care for every patient • Teamwork consists of professionals with different levels of education, ideas, backgrounds, and interests working together for the good of patients Copyright © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 4:4 Teamwork (continued) • Teamwork improves communication and continuity of care • Every person on the team must understand the role of each team member • A leader is an important part of any team • Good interpersonal relationships are essential Copyright © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 4:4 Teamwork (continued) • Conflict can occur among team members – Learn to resolve conflict positively, cooperatively • Legal responsibilities are an important aspect of teamwork – Understand the legal limitations on actions of team members Copyright © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 4:5 Professional Leadership • Purpose: encourage people to work together and do their best to achieve common goals • Myth that leaders are born but most develop from their efforts • Anyone can learn to be a leader • Characteristics of a leader Copyright © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 4:5 Professional Leadership (continued) • Three main types of leader – Democratic – Laissez-faire – Autocratic • All types of leadership have advantages and disadvantages Copyright © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 4:6 Stress • Body’s reaction to stimulus of changing environment • Stimuli to change is a stressor • Fight or flight reaction: sympathetic nervous system response • Parasympathetic nervous system recovery Copyright © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 4:6 Stress (continued) • Benefits of stress • Negative effects of stress • Learning to identify stressors and control stress • Problem-solving method to eliminate stressors Copyright © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 4:6 Stress (continued) • Managing stress reactions – Stop – Breathe – Reflect – Choose Copyright © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Stress-Reducing Techniques • • • • • Live a healthy life Take breaks Relax Escape Relieve tension Copyright © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Stress-Reducing Techniques (continued) • • • • • Rely on others Meditate Use imagery Enjoy yourself Renew yourself Copyright © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Stress-Reducing Techniques (continued) • • • • Think positively Develop outside interests Seek assistance or delegate tasks Avoid too many commitments Copyright © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 4:7 Time Management • • • • System of practical skills that aid productivity Helps prevent or reduce stress First step is to keep an activity record Start to organize time based on information collected in activity record Copyright © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Setting Goals • Important factor in time management • Short- and long-term goals • Completion of goals results in satisfaction, sense of accomplishment, and motivation to attempt other goals Copyright © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Setting Goals (continued) • • • • • State goals in positive manner Define goals clearly and precisely Prioritize multiple goals Write goals down Make sure goals are at the right level Copyright © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Time Management Plan • Used to ensure success in meeting goals • Provides for organized, efficient use of time • Steps for an effective plan: – Analyze and prioritize – Identify habits and preferences – Schedule tasks Copyright © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Time Management Plan (continued) • Steps to an effective plan (continued) – Make a daily to-do list – Plan your work – Avoid distractions • Take credit for job well done Copyright © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Time Management Plan (continued) • If goal is not achieved, evaluate why • Reevaluate goals and revise the plan • Use patience, practice, and effort to create a successful plan Copyright © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.