Transcript Interpersonal Communication

Interpersonal
Communication
Theory Models
Schramm’s Model- Field of Experience added to
Shannon’s model
Ogden &Richard’s Triangle of Meaning
Referents
Newcomb’s Symmetry Model:
Models
Westley-MacLean Model:
Rhetoric
Classical Rhetoric Theory
People are rational decision makers
Conscious decision making with emotions
Logo, Ethos, Pathos
Contemporary Rhetoric Theory
Broader definition of rhetoric and “text”
Not all situations work- Eulogy vs. Graduation
No true objectivity
Cow Feelings
Interpersonal Communication
Easy to identify an issue
Hard to identify communication aspects
Individual motivations, experiences, beliefs
Understanding helps us:
Resolve conflict and engage people in desirable action
How do you communicate an involved topic to a low
involvement audience?
How do you get people who have little frame of reference
to see your view point?
How can differing viewpoints agree?
Our Characteristics
Dyad: 2 people in a social relationship
Move from impersonal to personal
Begin with self:
Self-image or self-concept
Who we are and where we are in social order
Other’s self-image of me
Personae
Personality (psychological traits)
Locus of Control (inner or outer directed)
Impressions management (how others see us)
Johari Window
Joseph Luft and Harry Ingham
Describes the process of human interaction through a
four paned “window” that divides personal awareness
into four types: Open, Hidden, Blind, and Unknown
Lines can move as interaction progresses
What I see in me
What I DO NOT
see in me
What you see in me Open/Public Self
Blind Self
What you DO
NOT see in me
Unknown Self
Private Self
Staircase Model of Relational
Development
Knapp & Vangelistis
Relationships
Impression Management
Face Management Theory
Goffman
Self-Presentation
Fostering an impression to others
Politeness Theory
Brown & Levinson
Positive Face- Desire to be valued and seen as competent
Negative Face- Desire to be free of imposition and constraint
Social Cognition
Bandura, 1965
How and why we think about people including ourselves.
Self Efficacy and Self Regulation
A person's behavior is both influenced by and is influencing
a person's personal factors and the environment
how people process social information, especially its
encoding, storage, retrieval, and application to social
situations
Schema
Cognitive structure that represents knowledge about a
concept or type of stimulus- Susan Fiske
Person Scheme (“outgoing” “abrasive”)
Social Goals (revenge, love)
Role Schemas (“graduate student” “parent”)
Schemas guide memory and influence judgments
Schema versus evidence; cognitive dissonance
Cognitive Dissonance
Festinger, 1957
People need cognitive consistency
1) dissonance is psychologically uncomfortable enough to
motivate people to achieve consonance, and
2) in a state of dissonance, people will avoid information
and situations that might increase the dissonance.
Attention
Two processes
Encoding- taking in information and making sense of it
Consciousness- awareness
Salience- when external objects capture our attention
Schema can engage this
Our casual attributions can be exaggerated
Our evaluations can be polarized
Self Identity
Baumeister
Interpersonal tool, make choices, regulation of self
Will remember information related to the self better
than similar information lacking reference to the self
Social interaction and the self
We interpret events to increase our good qualities
Positive Illusions- Taylor & BrownOverestimate good qualities, control, and are more
optimistic than warranted by objective circumstances
High self-esteem= take greater risks
http://ofbf.org/news-and-events/news/212/
Wednesday
Human Communication
Chapter 8-9
Articles
Matrix
Wiki
http://agcommtheory.pbworks.com/