Transcript Chapter 4 - McGraw Hill Higher Education

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Copyright  2003 McGraw-Hill Australia Pty Ltd
PPT t/a Communication for Business by Access Series
Slides prepared by TAFE NSW—Access Division
4–1
Providing Leadership
 Topics Discussed:
Chapter 4
• Leadership
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What is leadership?
Ideas about leadership
What does a leader do?
Situational leadership
• Interviewing
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Planning an interview
Asking the ‘right’ questions
Structuring the interview
Directive and non-directive interviewing
Note taking during interviews
Managing workplace interviews
Avoiding interview pitfalls
Copyright  2003 McGraw-Hill Australia Pty Ltd
PPT t/a Communication for Business by Access Series
Slides prepared by TAFE NSW—Access Division
4–2
What is leadership?
 Leadership involves deciding what is to be
done, whereas management involves
planning how it will be done.
 Leadership is about the big picture—setting
the vision. Management is about how we
are going to achieve that vision.
Copyright  2003 McGraw-Hill Australia Pty Ltd
PPT t/a Communication for Business by Access Series
Slides prepared by TAFE NSW—Access Division
4–3
Ideas about leadership
The trait approach
• The ‘Great Person’ theory
The critical situation approach
• The ‘Great Moment’ theory
The interaction approach
• Right person in the right place at the right time
Is it possible to learn to be a
leader?
Copyright  2003 McGraw-Hill Australia Pty Ltd
PPT t/a Communication for Business by Access Series
Slides prepared by TAFE NSW—Access Division
4–4
Five practices of exemplary leadership
Practice
Commitment
Challenge the process
Search for opportunities
Experiment and take risks
Inspire a shared vision
Envision the future
Enlist others
Enable others to act
Foster collaboration
Strengthen others
Model the way
Set the example
Achieve small wins
Encourage the heart
Recognise contributions
Celebrate accomplishments
From Kouzes, James and Posner, Barry (1995) The leadership challenge, San Francisco, Ca:
Jossey-Bass Inc
Copyright  2003 McGraw-Hill Australia Pty Ltd
PPT t/a Communication for Business by Access Series
Slides prepared by TAFE NSW—Access Division
4–5
Situational leadership
High task and
high people focus
Task focus
High High task and
Low people focus
High people and
Low task and
low task focus
Low Low people focus
High
People focus
Low
Copyright  2003 McGraw-Hill Australia Pty Ltd
PPT t/a Communication for Business by Access Series
Slides prepared by TAFE NSW—Access Division
4–6
Leadership styles
High
task
focus
Low
task
focus
‘Directive’ leadership
style
Suitable for people
with low experience
‘Delegating’
leadership style
‘Coaching’ leadership
style
Suitable for people
with low to moderate
experience
‘Supporting’
leadership style
Suitable for people
with high experience
Suitable for people
with moderate to high
experience
Low people focus
High people focus
Copyright  2003 McGraw-Hill Australia Pty Ltd
PPT t/a Communication for Business by Access Series
Slides prepared by TAFE NSW—Access Division
4–7
Interviewing
 Successful interviews share many of the
qualities of good conversation
 Interviews differ from conversation in that
you will:
• Aim to gather specific information or solve a
problem
• Establish the purpose and aims in advance
• Plan and structure the time frame
• Control and direct the flow of information
Copyright  2003 McGraw-Hill Australia Pty Ltd
PPT t/a Communication for Business by Access Series
Slides prepared by TAFE NSW—Access Division
4–8
Planning an interview
 Think of the interview as a face-to-face
discussion for which you need to plan
ahead
 Prepare a non-threatening environment
that is free of interruptions and is
appropriate for a private conversation
Copyright  2003 McGraw-Hill Australia Pty Ltd
PPT t/a Communication for Business by Access Series
Slides prepared by TAFE NSW—Access Division
4–9
Asking the ‘right’ questions
Each interview
should consist
of four types of
questions
Probing
questions
Open
questions
Mirror
questions
Closed
questions
Copyright  2003 McGraw-Hill Australia Pty Ltd
PPT t/a Communication for Business by Access Series
Slides prepared by TAFE NSW—Access Division
4–10
Interview structure
Introduction
Establish rapport
Outline the
purpose
Explain the
process
Body
Conclusion
Establish and confirm facts Summarise key
points
Clarify and discuss
opinions
Offer opportunity
to ask questions
Probe for information
Explain next steps
Negotiate action
Copyright  2003 McGraw-Hill Australia Pty Ltd
PPT t/a Communication for Business by Access Series
Slides prepared by TAFE NSW—Access Division
4–11
Directive and non-directive
interviews
 Directive interviews focus on gathering
specific information
 Non-directive interviews focus more on
problem solving and sharing information
Copyright  2003 McGraw-Hill Australia Pty Ltd
PPT t/a Communication for Business by Access Series
Slides prepared by TAFE NSW—Access Division
4–12
Managing workplace
interviews
 Information-gathering interviews
 Performance appraisals
 Discipline interviews
 Recruitment interviews
Copyright  2003 McGraw-Hill Australia Pty Ltd
PPT t/a Communication for Business by Access Series
Slides prepared by TAFE NSW—Access Division
4–13
Avoiding interview pitfalls
 The following are needed to achieve the
best possible results:
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•
•
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Clear goals
Fair and thorough processes
Empathy
Intuition
Well-developed communication skills
Copyright  2003 McGraw-Hill Australia Pty Ltd
PPT t/a Communication for Business by Access Series
Slides prepared by TAFE NSW—Access Division
4–14