Transcript Lesson: The Mongol Empire

• Invasion of
Abbasid
territories,
creating
Ilkhanate
kingdom.
• Led to decline of the
Seljuk Turks.
• Alliance between
Mamluks (Mulsim
warriors in Egypt) and
Christian knights stop
westward invasion
(1260).
•
Most Mongols converted to Islam and assimilated into Persian
society.
• Kublai Khan conquered
China.
• China was the most difficult
and protracted of the
Mongols’ many conquests
(taking 36 years).
• Sent army to invade Japan (1274)
• Destroyed by a typhoon that the Japanese
called “kamikaze” (divine winds.)
• Japan only country not
conquered by the Mongols
despite repeated invasions.
• Failure led to Yuan decline.
• “White Lotus Society,” organized to overthrow Yuan
Dynasty.
• Founded Ming Dynasty (1368-1644).
• Established the
Yuan Dynasty.
• Builds
“Forbidden
City” in Beijing
(Yuan capital).
• China merchants
benefit.
• China comes
into contract
with Europeans.
• Marco Polo, from
city-state of Venice
visited China (a
Christian Ibn battuta).
• Returned to Italy and
wrote best-seller book
about trip.
• Ignited European
interest in China
(1295).
1. “Pax Mongolica,”
(Mongolian peace)
bring stability to
Eurasia.
• 2. Promoted
international trade.
• 3. Built roads for
guarding trade routes.
• 4. Spread of
information between
Persia and China.
Acupuncture spread to
Middle East.
• 5. Spread
bubonic
plague “Black
Death” that
killed one
third of the
population of
Europe, and
weakened
serfdom.
• 6. Developed canon,
making walled cities
useless.
• 7. Europe gained the
most from the
exchanges of ideas and
technologies facilitated
by the Mongol Empire.
(Mongol- style pants are
adopted in the west.)
That concludes the Mongol
Empires.