Transcript Hinduism and Buddhism - Fort Thomas Independent Schools

Origins in India
Classical India
600 BCE – 600 CE
‘Periods’: Timeline of Region
• Harrapans (river valley)
• Aryans (invasion from NW) 1700-500 BCE
• Invaded by Alexander the Great 327-325 BCE
• Divided into regional states
• United; Mauryan Dynasty 321 – 230s BCE
• Invaded by Kushans (ended by 220 CE)
• Divided into regions
• Gupta Dynasty 320 - 450 CE
• Huns invade 450 CE
What is the Caste System? How
was Society Divided?
• Created by the Indo-Europeans
• Organized into special groups (castes) that
determined everything from your job, to
your political rights, to your religious
beliefs, and who you would marry
Varna (Social Hierarchy)
Within each Varna
are Jati, smaller
groups which you
are to socialize and
marry within, often
based on jobs
traders and
agriculturists
manual
workers
Brahmins
Kshatriyas
priests, scholars and
teachers
warriors and
rulers
Vaishyas
Shudras
Pariahs- Untouchables
Influences of Geography
• Partially separated
•
•
•
from Asia by
Himalayas (Khyber
Pass - IndoEuropeans)
Monsoon: wind
patterns; cause rain in
summer essential for
farming
Close proximity to
Middle East
Himalayas - herding
society
Aryan Migration/invasion
Years vary from book to book but approximately
1700- 500B CE
Chandragupta: 321 -298 BCE
 Unified northern India - Created the
Mauryan Dynasty
 Before: 16 major states; led by
warriors, princes and priests
 Autocratic, military based rule
 Bureaucracy: Divided his empire into
provinces, then districts
for tax assessments and law
enforcement.
 301 BCE  gave up his throne & became
religious  Grandson Ashoka the Great
Ashoka (273 – 232 BCE)
 Religious conversion
after the gruesome
battle of Kalinga in
262 BCE.
 Dedicated his life to
Buddhism - Promoted Buddhism;
tolerated Hinduism
Built extensive roads for trade
 Conflict  balance methods of keeping
power and Buddha’s demands to of a
selfless person?
Invaded by Kushans, then a
Power Vacuum: 220 BCE – 320 CE
The Maurya Empire is divided into many kingdoms.
The Gupta Empire
• Height of Classical India
• 320 CE - 450 CE
• Favored negotiations over war
• Greatest period of political stability
– Still dependent on regional princes
– No powerful individual rulers
– More decentralized; smaller area of control
500 healing
plants identified
Printed
medicinal guides
Plastic
Surgery
Gupta
Achievements
1000 diseases
classified
Kamasutra
Literature
Medicine
Inoculations
Gupta
India
C-sections
performed
Decimal
System
Mathematics
Concept
of Zero
PI = 3.1416
Solar
Calendar
Astronomy
The earth
is round
Extensive Trade:
4th century CE
spices
gold & ivory
Do you know China & India?
• 1). What are the 5 relationships of
Confucianism?
• 2). Explain Daoism & Legalism. Which do
you prefer?
• 3). How is China more advanced than
India? How is India more advanced than
China?
• 4). How were the Han & Gupta empires
similar/different?