Transcript Mongol Empire

Mongol Empire
So from Friday
you should know:
• 1. Style of life
– Nomads who lived on horseback in the Asian steppe
• 2. Genghis Khan
– “universal ruler” – conquered much of Asia
• 3. Style of fighting
– Brilliantly organized, superb horsemen, 120 miles a day
• 4. Khanates
– After Genghis’s death – divided empire into 4 regions
• 5. Pax Mongolica
– Mongol Peace – safe passage for trade b/w Europe and
Asia
Kublai Khan
• Grandson of Genghis
• Kublai ruled the “Great Khan”
khanate
– Mongolia, Korea, Tibet
• Finally overwhelmed China
and started a new dynasty
– Yuan Dynasty (almost 1
century)
• United China for the first time
in 300 years
Stop!
• On the right side of your paper…
• Give me a CM about Kublai Khan
How did Kublai rule?
• Abandoned the nomadic
lifestyle and lived in China
• Built a new palace and capital
in modern-day Beijing
• Made few changes to Chinese
govt.
• Attempted to conquer Japan
with many soldiers
– “Kamikaze” – divine wind saved
Japan
Stop!
• On the right side of your paper answer…
• Why do you think Kublai stopped being a
typical nomadic Mongol?
Mongol Rule in China
• How would you feel if a foreign
country took control of the US?
• Mongols kept separate from the
Chinese
• Many of the highest govt. posts
went to Mongols or foreigners
• Foreign trade increased
– Because of?
Stop!
• On the right side of your paper answer…
• Why did the Mongols want to keep separate
from the Chinese?
Marco Polo
• Most famous European to visit China
during the Yuan dynasty
• Venetian trader that arrived at
Kublai’s court in 1275
• Kublai sent him to various Chinese
cities on government missions
• Later, Marco Polo was put in prison
• He told the story of China’s fabulous
cities and wealth
• This book was an instant success in
Europe – but many did not believe
Stop!
• On the right side of your paper answer…
• Why do we remember Marco Polo instead of
Battuta?
End of Mongol Rule
• Armies/Navies suffered humiliating defeats
• Heavy spending
• Kublai died
– What happens?
• Who rebelled?
– Chinese (overtaxed, famine, etc)
• All the khanates eventually disintegrated
Stop!
• On the right side of your paper answer…
• What do you think will happen to China after
the Mongols’ leadership falls apart?