Transcript The Ming Dynasty

A Brief Chinese History
From the Tang Dynasty to
the Qing Dynasty
The Tang Dynasty
(618-907 A.D.)
The second golden Era
Capital city: Chang’an
(a center for international
trade)
Founder: Li Yuan
 Reflection of mirror correct your dressing;
 Reflection of history tell you boom-and-bust;
 Reflection of criticism correct your mistake.
The golden era during
the reigns of Tai Zong
The An Lushan Rebellion
The first
female monarch
in Chinese history
624-705
Religions
Islam from Arabia,
Nestorian Christian sect of Syria,
Zoroastrianism from Persia
Tang Poetry (Men of letters)
Li Bai, Du Fu, Bai Juyi, Liu Yuxi, Han Yu, Liu Zongyuan
Calligraphers
Yan Zhenqing, Liu Gongquan
Five Dynasties &Ten States (907-960)
Five Dynasties in the north: (907-960)
Later Liang, Later Tang,
Later Jin, Later Han, and Later Zhou
succeeded each other
Ten States in the south (902-979)
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Liao (907-1125)
Western Xia (1032-1227)
Jin (1115-1234) Manchus (Nvzhen)
Northern Song (960-1127)
Song
Dynasty
Southern Song (1127-1279)
Northern Song
 Founder:
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Zhao Kuangyin
The movable printing---Bi Sheng
Gunpowder used in war
The compass employed in navigation
Song Ci (Su shi)
the highest glory of literature
The Southern Song
 Capital
city: Hangzhou
(a highly developed commercial, political
& cultural center)
 Neo-Confucianism (Zhu Xi)
 Li Qingzhao, Xin Qiji, Lu You
 the first blue and white porcelain
Genghis Khan united the Mongol tribes(1206 -1215)
Founder : Kublai Khan (1271)
The reign title changed into Yuan (Beijing)
The Yuan Dynasty (1271-1368)
Marco Polo
The first records of travel by
Westerners to China
The first foreigner to give a
detailed account of the country
China under the Mongols with
unrivaled splendor and power
The Ming Dynasty (1368-1644)
Founder: Zhu Yuanzhang
Capital City: Nan Jing
Emperor Yongle Zhu Di
(明成祖)
Capital: Beijing
the Forbidden City
Yongle Encyclopedia
Zheng He (Africa, the Red Sea, Mecca)
 Journey to the West --- Wu Cheng’en
 The Romance of the Three Kingdoms
---Lou Guanzhong
 Outlaws of the Marsh
----Shi Nai’an
The eunuchs dominated the politics
 The eunuchs’ interference in state
affairs led to the corruption, chaos and
destruction of the country.

1643 Li Zicheng founded new government
and overthrew the Ming Dynasty.
The Qing Dynasty (1644-1911)
 1616
Nurhachi united Manchu
tribes and re-established the Jin
Kingdom
 1636 the Jin Kingdom changed
into Qing
 Emperor Shun Zhi (Beijing in
1644)
 The last feudal dynasty
 The consolidation and
strengthening of central power.
The prosperous period during the reigns of the
three emperors (1663-1796)
During the 18th century, China was the
largest, richest and most influential country
in the world.
Achievements in
Literature (Novels)
The Dream of Red
Mansions
Caoxueqin
The Scholars
Wu Jingzi
Strange Tales from a
Scholar’s Studio
Pu Songling
A Series of Events
 1840
the first Opium War (Semi-colonial &semi-feudal)
1851-1864 the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom
1856-1860 the second Opium War
1883-1885 The Sino-French War
1894-1895 The Sino-Japanese War
1898 Wu Hsu Reform (the Hundred-day Reform)
1899-1900 the Boxer Uprising
 1900 the invasion of eight imperalist countries
1911 the 1911 Revolution
(Provisional Government in Nanjing)