Transcript Unit 3:The Constitution

UNIT 3:THE
CONSTITUTION
ARTICLES OF CONFEDERATION
• The Articles of Confederation was
written during the American
Revolution. Americans fear a powerful
national government.
• As a result, the Articles created a
government that had no executive
branch and lack the power to tax,
regulate commerce, or establish a
national currency.
SHAY’S REBELLION
• Daniel Shay led more then a thousand
farmers, like him.
• Burdened with personal debts caused
by economic problems stemming from
the states Revolutionary War debts in
1786.
• Without the power to tax, America’s
weak government couldn’t repair the
national economy.
RATIFICATION OF THE CONSTITUTION
• In May 1787, George Washington
became president of the
Constitutional Convention supporting
the establishment of a stronger central
government.
• He and the founding Fathers created
a federalist form of government for the
United States.
THE GREAT COMPROMISE
• One great issue the delegates
faced in making a new
government was how different
sized states could have equal
representation.
• Larger states supported the idea
where representation should be
based off population known as
the Virginia Plan.
THE GREAT COMPROMISE
• Smaller states supported the idea in
which all the states would be equally
represented known as the New Jersey
plan.
• The compromise made a legislature of
two chambers (Bicarmal legislature):
• House of Representatives, which was based
off of population
• Senate, where all states have equal
representation.
SLAVERY
• Slavery existed in all states, southern
states depended on slave labor because
their economies were based on
producing cash crop.
• Southern states demanded that slaves be
counted towards population. Northern
states resisted.
• After debating, a compromise was made
also known as the 3/5 Compromise. This
allowed the states to count 3/5 of their
slaves to their population.
SEPARATION OF POWERS
• Many still feared a strong central government
so the framers of the Constitution created a
limited government.
• Limited Government is divided powers leading
to the branches of government today.
• 3 branches: Executive, legislative, and judicial
branches
• To further safeguard against the abuse of
power, the Constitution gave each branch of
government a way to check and balance the
power of the other branches.
FEDERALIST & ANTI-FEDERALIST
• Federalist wanted a strong central government.
• Anti-Federalist are opposed to a strong central
government.
• To get the Anti-federalist to agree with the type
of government, James Madison, Alexander
Hamilton, and others wrote a document called
The federalist Papers.
• This document created what we have today
the Bill of Rights.
• This also created states rights.
PRESIDENCY OF GEORGE
WASHINGTON
• First president of the United states.
• He set important patterns for future
presidents.
• He favored nonintervention in Europe.
• He responded to the Whiskey Rebellion
by showing his constitutional authority to
enforce the law and that if Americans
did not like the law the way to change it
was through petition to Congress
peacefully.
POLITICAL PARTIES
• Thomas Jefferson and Alexander Hamilton were
apart of Washington Administration
• Thomas Jefferson believed that the national
government must limit its power to those describe
by the constitution.
• Hamilton wanted to expand the power of the
government to stabilize the nation and its economy.
• In Washington Farwell address he warned of the
dangers of political parties.
PRESIDENCY OF JOHN ADAMS
• John Adams was the second president of the
United State
• Elected in 1796
• His presidency was plagued by conflicts with France
and Great Britain which crippled the economy.
• Congress during this time increased citizenship
requirements.
• Congress also tried to limit speech and press rights.
• Jefferson and Madison argued states can refuse to
enforce federal laws they did not agree with( States
rights concept)
SAMPLE QUESTION
John Locke’s theory that all people have basic
natural rights directly influenced
A. The Proclamation of 1763
B. the Declaration of Independence
C. the outbreak of the French and Indian War
D. the expansion of the transatlantic
mercantilism.
SAMPLE QUESTION
John Locke’s theory that all people have basic
natural rights directly influenced
A. The Proclamation of 1763
B. the Declaration of Independence
C. the outbreak of the French and Indian War
D. the expansion of the transatlantic
mercantilism.
SAMPLE QUESTION
The Bill of Rights was adopted by Congress in 1791 to
preserve which political principle?
A. the separation of powers
B. the restriction of political political terms
C. the prohibition of racial discrimination
D. the limitation of the federal government.