Transcript Andrew Jackson apush 2015.25

Mass Democracy and Popular Politics
Thinking Question?
• What is Mass Democracy?
• What are examples of Democratic reform?
• What actions and policies help promote
democratic reform?
Democratic Trends of the early 19th century
Democratic Trends of the early 19th century
Voter
Turnout
1824 -1860
How was the country becoming more
democratic?
1. White male suffrage increased
2. Party nominating committees.
3. Voters chose their state’s slate of Presidential
electors.
4. Spoils system.
5. Rise of Third Parties.
6. Popular campaigning (parades, rallies, floats,
etc.)
7. Two-party system returned in the 1832 election:
Dem-Reps  Natl. Reps.(1828)  Whigs
(1832)  Republicans (1854)
Democrats (1828)
Jackson: King Andrew the 1st or President of the
Common Man
To what extent did the election of Andrew Jackson
mark the beginning of a new age in American
political history.
"Andrew
Jackson, I am given to understand, was a
patriot and a traitor. He was one of the greatest of
generals, and wholly ignorant of the art of war... He was
the most candid of men, and was capable of the
profoundest dissimulation... A democratic autocrat. An
urbane savage. An atrocious saint." —James Parton,
biographer, 1859
How did the Election of 1824 lead to the rise of Jackson as a
champion for the common man?: The Corrupt Bargain:
Electoral
Vote
Popular
Vote
Democ
raticRepubl
ican
84
115,696
Henry Clay
(KY)
"
37
47,136
Andrew
Jackson (TN)
"
99
152,933
William H.
Crawford (GA)
"
41
46,979
Election of
1824
Candidate
Party
Presidential
John Quincy
Adams (MA)
Issues:
Twelfth Amendment
Clay’s influence as Speaker
of the House
Jackson was against the
Bank of the United States
1st election were the popular
vote was recorded
What does the
Cartoon tell us
about Andrew
Jackson’s
presidency?
How does
the photo
give us
insight to the
actions of
Jackson’s
Presidency?
States Rights
or Federal
Supremacy
What contributed to the rise of
Jackson in 1828?
• Democratic
reform;
– In voting
– In nominating
– Parties
– In campaigning
• Mass
Democracy
Why did the people embrace Andrew Jackson?
1. He personified the new West:
2. Military history
3. judge and a congressman in
Tennessee
4. He was tough (old hickory)
5. He was anti-federalist, but
always put the Union before the
individual power of the States
6. Jackson commanded fear and
respect from his subordinates
7. used the veto 12 times
Election results in 1828
The New “Jackson
Coalition”
•The Planter Elite
in the South
•People on the
Frontier
• State Politicians
•– spoils system
•Immigrants in
the cities.
Jackson and the Common Man
Why does Jackson have faith in the Common Man?
is to be regretted
1“It
Intense
that the
richdistrust
and
“The people are the
government,
administering
His heart & soul
was
itwith
by their
the agents; they are
the
government,
the
“plain
folk.”
sovereign power.”
of Eastern
powerful
too often
“establishment,”
&
bendmonopolies,
the acts of
special privilege.
government to their
own selfish
purposes”
3
2
“The planter, the farmer, the mechanic, and the laborer... form the
great body of the
the United
States,
they
Beliefpeople
that theofcommon
man was
capable
of are the bone and
sinew of the country
menachievements.
who love liberty and desire nothing but equal
uncommon
rights and equal laws.”
Summary for Today
“Andrew Jackson’s election in 1828 was the
consequence of the rise of democracy rather
than the start of a new democratic age.”
Evaluate this statement.
Jackson’s Presidency
To what extent did Jackson adhere
to the ideas and beliefs of the
Jacksonian Democrats during his
presidency?
The Tariff Issue
1828 --> “Tariff of
Abomination”
1832 --> new tariff
South Carolina’s reaction?
Jackson’s response?
Clay’s “Compromise” Tariff?
N
u
l
i
f
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
c
r
i
s
i
s
The Webster-Hayne
Debate
Sen. Daniel
Webster
[MA]
Sen. Robert
Hayne
[SC]
Webster:
Liberty and Union, now and
forever, one and inseparable.
Jackson:
Our Federal Union—it must be
preserved.
Calhoun:
The Union, next to our liberty,
most dear.
Indian
Removal
3
Jackson’s Goal?
3
1830  Indian Removal Act
3
Cherokee Nation v. GA
(1831)
* “domestic dependent
nation”
3
Worcester v. GA (1832)
3
Jackson:
“John Marshall has made
his decision, now let him
enforce it!”
Indian Removal
The Trail of Tears 1838-1839
Why was Jackson against the Bank of the
United States?
The Bank allowed for the Rich to get Richer
The Western Farmers were against the BUS
because it didn’t print soft money allowing for
inflation
Jackson saw the BUS with in a conspiracy in
order to keep the common man down
Opposition to the 2nd
B.U.S
“Soft”
(paper) $
1. state bankers felt
it restrained their
banks from issuing
bank notes freely.
2. supported rapid
economic growth
& speculation.
“Hard”
(specie) $
1. felt that coin was
the only safe
currency.
2. didn’t like any bank
that issued bank
notes.
3. suspicious of
expansion &
speculation.
What Happen???
“pet banks”?
1832  Jackson vetoed the
extension of the 2nd
National Bank of the
United States.
1836  the charter expired.
1841  the bank went
bankrupt!