Transcript Causes of WWI PPT Student Copy

World War I: From Neutrality to War
Essential Questions:
• What considerations should guide the
development of American foreign policy?
• When should the United States go to war?
• Did America’s emergence as a world
power move it closer or further away from
its founding ideals?
President Woodrow
Wilson, August 19,
1914
• Respond: Identify Woodrow Wilson’s position toward
World War I in 1914 by writing “stay neutral” or
“declare war” in your notebook. Then identify one or
more phrases that show President Wilson’s position.
Europe on the Brink of War
• August 1914: War has just broken out in Europe
involving two great alliances: the Allies (Britain,
France and Russia) on one side, and the
Central Powers (Germany, Austria-Hungary,
and Turkey) on the other. Millions of soldiers
are involved, both on land and at sea. Before
anything happens in the war, you, as President
Wilson, need to establish what the goals of the
United States are. List three goals for the U.S.
to keep in mind as the war progresses.
President
Woodrow Wilson,
April 2, 1917
• Respond: Identify President Woodrow
Wilson’s position toward World War I in 1917
by writing “stay neutral” or “declare war” in
your notebook. Then identify one or more
phrases that show President Wilson’s
position.
Respond
• Explain what might have happened in
the three years between the speeches
to change Woodrow Wilson’s position.
Europe on the Brink of War
• The Roots of War
– European ______________
• Aided by each nation’s increased ______________
• Glorification of armed strength and the ideals of war
• In order to acquire and protect their colonies under
___________________
• Led to the rise of large, sophisticated armies and
navies
A. Triple
Entente or
___________
France,
Britain, Russia
B. Germany,
AustriaHungary,
Ottoman
Empire are
___________
___________
C. Alliances
give security;
nations
unwilling to tip
___________
___________
___________
Europe on the Brink of War
• U.S. ________________
– President ___________________ declared neutrality
toward Europe
– However, U.S. neutrality was almost immediately
challenged in the __________________________,
when the situation in Europe exploded.
World War I Begins
• The Assassination of the
_________________
– Started ______________
– ____________________
Francis Ferdinand, and his wife
were assassinated by a
________________ nationalist
– _________________, AustriaHungary’s tiny neighbor to the
south, opposed Austria’s control
of Bosnia and desired to join the
Slavic Bosnians to its own
nation
World War I Begins
• _______________________________-backed by
________________________’s promise of full
military support-presented ______________ with a
list of demands concerning inquiry into the crime
• ______________________________ wanted
___________________to comply with its deliberately
harsh demands or face war.
• ____________________, knowing it had full Russian
support in case of war, refused to accept all of
______________________________’s demands.
• After consultation with Germany,
______________________________ declared war
on ________________ on July 28.
_________ and
__________
• President __________
allowed them to warring
nations
– ____________ had to be
short-term
– Brought great prosperity to
the U.S.
___________ Preventing
Trade with ___________
• The _______________
___________________
– ____________________,
mine North Sea, stop war
supplies reaching Germany
• also stop food, fertilizer
• Wilson dropped objections
– U. S. merchant ships seldom
reach _______________
• By 1917, famine in Germany
– _______________ trade was
more important than
Germany’s to the American
economy
_____________ _______
______Around __________
• German response to
the ______________
• _____________
(German submarines)
would sink any British
or Allied ship in the
waters around Britain
• _____________
protests
British Liner ____________ Is
Sunk
• Sunk on May 7, 1915 by
German _____________
• 1,198 people died
including 128 _________
• American public opinion
turns against
___________
• President ___________
protests, but __________
continues to sink ships
____________ Torpedoed
• Unarmed _______________
passenger steamer
• ______ passengers, including
________________ are killed
• U.S. threatens to break off
diplomatic relations
• May, 1916______________________Germany would not sink any
passenger ships and would
only sink merchant ships with
warning.
______________
___________
• _________________ note—proposes alliance
of Germany, Mexico against U.S.
Unrestricted Submarine
Warfare
• ______________ asks U.S. to get
______________ to end food
blockade
– otherwise will renew unrestricted
submarine warfare
• ______________ tries to mediate,
calls for “a peace between equals”
• Kaiser announces ____________
will sink all ships in ___________
waters
• Four unarmed _____________
merchant ships sunk
__________ systems
• __________ escort
merchant ships across
_________
- losses ________
dramatically
• Navy helps lay mines
across North Sea,
keep __________ out
of Atlantic
___________ Declares
______
• ___________ calls for
war to make world “safe
for ______________”
• Revolution in _________
– ___________ monarchy
replaced with
_________________
government
– War of __________
against _____________