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CHAPTER 5 Data and Knowledge Management Announcements • Today • Chapter 5 – Data and Knowledge Mgmt • Tuesday • Access Tutorial • Project 1 • Questions/comments Digital Universe Doubling in size every 2 years Source: http://www.emc.com/leadership/digital-universe/2014iview/executive-summary.htm Annual Flood of Data from….. Credit card swipes E-mails Digital video Online TV RFID tags Blogs Digital video surveillance Radiology scans Source: Media Bakery Industrial Revolution of Data => “Big Data” Annual Flood of New Data! In the zettabyte range 1 zettabyte = 1,000,000,000,000,000 ,000,000 bytes “Big Data” is getting bigger Solutions to manage it © Fanatic Studio/Age Fotostock America, Inc. Big Data Diverse, high-volume, high-velocity information assets that require new forms of processing o enable enhanced decision making. Examples of Big Data Managing Big Data Difficulties in Managing Data Source: Media Bakery Solution: Governance Data Governance => Set of Rules Implementation Strategy: Master Data Management Master Data Management: Types of Data John Stevens registers for Introduction to Management Information Systems (ISMN 3140) from 10 AM until 11 AM on Mondays and Wednesdays in Room 41 Smith Hall, taught by Professor Rainer. Transaction Data Master Data The Database Approach Database management system (DBMS) Minimize the following problems: 1. Data redundancy 2. Data isolation 3. Data inconsistency Maximize the following: 1. Data security 2. Data integrity 3. Data independence Database Management Systems How is data organized in a DB: Data Hierarchy Field Is a grouping of Record Is a grouping of File (or table) Is a grouping of Database Data Hierarchy (continued) Example: Field Record Data Hierarchy (continued) Example: Field Record Designing the Database: Data Model Entity Instance Attribute Primary key Secondary keys Entity Primary Secondary Instance Student Student Student ID (pk) Student Name Student Address Student Major 850000000 (pk) John Doe 123 Anywhere St. MIS Data Model Technique: Entity-Relationship Modeling Database designers plan the database design in a process called entity-relationship (ER) modeling/diagrams. ER diagrams consists of: 1) 2) 3) Entity-relationship diagram model Relationships Between Entities Entity-relationship diagram model Entity-relationship diagram: Exercise Create a simple ER Diagram for a hospital. Database Management Systems Database management system (DBMS) Focus of this course: Relational database model Related Tables (PK Important) Data dictionary How do you request data? Structured Query Language (SQL) - keywords Query by Example (QBE) – forms/templates Microsoft Access Student Database Example Relational DB Effectiveness: Normalization Normalization (most streamlined DB) Non-Normalized Database Normalizing the Database (part A) Normalizing the Database (part B) Normalization Produces Order Beyond Databases: Data Warehousing Data warehouses and Data Marts Organized by business dimension or subject Multidimensional Historical Use online analytical processing Data Warehouse Framework & Views Source Systems Data Integration Data Storage Users Benefits of Data Warehousing Knowledge Management (KM) Knowledge aka. Intellectual Capital Knowledge management systems (KMSs) Goal: Systematize, enhance and expedite Examples © Peter Eggermann/Age Fotostock America, Inc. Challenges to Capturing Knowledge © Ina Penning/Age Fotostock America, Inc. Knowledge Management System Cycle DB Impacting our lives Facebook DB Impacting our lives NSA Utah Data Center •internet searches (ie; here's a collection of searches by Federal Government workers) •websites visited •emails sent and received •social media activity (Facebook, Twitter, etc) •blogging activity including posts read, written, and commented on - View our patent •videos watched and/or uploaded online •photos viewed and/or uploaded online •mobile phone GPS-location data •mobile phone apps downloaded •phone call records - View our patent •text messages sent and received •Skype video calls DB Impacting our lives NSA Utah Data Center •online purchases and auction transactions •credit card/ debit card transactions •financial information •legal documents •travel documents •health records •cable television shows watched and recorded •commuter toll records •electronic bus and subway passes / Smartpasses •facial recognition data from surveillance cameras •educational records •arrest records •driver license information Data and Knowledge Management: Application to other majors • Accounting • Marketing • Finance • Operations Management DB Exercise Create the entities you would need for a student registration system. Draw out how the tables may look and how they are related. Next Class… • Access Tutorial (bring yellow casebook) • Bring your flash drive • You will need to save your files either to a flash drive or your Timmy account