Transcript everything you need to know about the cold war

The Cold War
Lets watch an actual 1950’s movie shown in schools
across the country.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1ON9SEAqL08
BUT WERE AFRAID TO ASK!
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Truman Doctrine: to aid free peoples who are
resisting attempted takeovers by armed
minorities or by outside pressure.
Marshall Plan: European nations would get
American aid to rebuild their economies.
“West Germany” becomes its own nation in
1948 as the U.S., Great Britain, & France merge
their “zones” for the newly formed
government. The Russian’s are not happy…
As you take notes from the following PP make sure
you get the definitions of the following key words:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
Cold War
Truman Doctrine
Klaus Fuchs
NATO
Domino Theory
PEO 9981
Arms Race
Berlin Blockade
38th parallel
10. Korean War
11.Armistice
12.Warsaw Pact
13. M.A.D.
14.Duck n Cover
15. Bay of Pigs
16. Cuban Missile Crisis
COLD WAR
DEFINED:
For more than 40
years (1949 to 1989)
two superpowers,
the United States &
the Soviet Union
threatened each other
with a nuclear
weapons arms race.
This period of time is
referred to as The
Cold War.
The Cold War
As the world began
recovering from World
War II, the first General
Assembly of the United
Nations met in London
in January 1946, and
created the United
Nations Atomic Energy
Commission. (UNAEC)
United Nations Flag
Part of their charge was to create a Plan to
eliminate all weapons of mass destruction,
including the atomic bomb.
The Cold War
The Soviets rejected
the Plan,
For 2 reasons:
1) It would have left
the United States
with a decisive
nuclear superiority
until the details of
the Plan could be
worked out and
2) It would have
stopped the Soviet
nuclear program.
The Soviet Nuclear efforts
were led by a spy inside
the Manhattan Project,
Klaus Fuchs.
(pronounced fyooks)
On August 29, 1949
The Soviet Union tested
it’s first Nuclear
weapon.
The Cold War
The scientific
community protested the
increased expansion of
nuclear weapons study.
"Since no limit exists to
the destructiveness of
this weapon, its
existence and knowledge
of its construction is a
danger to humanity as a
whole.“
Unfortunately bigger &
better bombs began to
multiply on both sides.
The MAIN reason for
the arms race
between the U.S.
and the Soviet
Union
was the fear of one
country dominating
the other.
After the Potsdam Conference
(pg657)
the Truman Doctrine was
passed by Congress along
with the Marshall Plan.
(pg661).
The Berlin Blockade of 1948
was a Russian response
to the U.S. & British
attempts to strengthen
East Germany.
In response to the blockade,
President Truman
believed a military
encounter could result in
a war with the Soviets
but he sent planes into
Berlin anyway until
Stalin ended the
blockade. This was the
first real test of the cold
war.
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Presidential Executive Order 9981
(July of 1948) demanded racial equality
and opportunity for all persons in the
armed services.
The factor that influence President
Truman to sign the order was because
of the continued discrimination at
home after the fighting by minorities
in WWII.
The Cold War
NATO is an
organization of
countries that agreed to
mutual defense in
response to an attack by
any external party.
It was created in April
of 1949.
and stands for the
North Atlantic Treaty
Organization.
NATO countries
included the U.S.,
Canada, Great Britain,
France, Greece and
Turkey.
The Cold War
Before these weapons were
developed and soon after the
Japanese surrender on August 15,
1945, Soviet military forces swept
through Manchuria and North
Korea taking over Japanese control
over these provinces.
The United States reacted in alarm
when she realized the potential
danger of having the strategic
Korean peninsula controlled by
Communist forces.
The Cold War
What does the following video
have to do with the Cold War?
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http://www.youtube.com/watc
h?v=3jMBNesc-8k
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The United States
and NATO’s
foreign policy is
based on the
“Domino Theory”.
The theory states
that if one nation
comes under
Communist control,
then neighboring
nations will also
fall under
Communist rule.
The Cold War
President Truman
proposed a joint
occupation of Korea by
the two “superpowers”
where the Soviets
would occupy the
territory north of the 38
parallel, while the U.S.
would control the area
south of the line.
These battle lines are
still hotly contested
today between North
and South Korea.
38 parallel
The Cold War
The Korean War refers to a
period of military conflict
between North Korea and
South Korean armies.
It lasted from June 25, 1950
until an armistice was
signed on July 27, 1953.
Armistice is a situation in a
war where the warring
parties agree to stop fighting
(it is not a peace treaty!)
Fighting in Korean streets in 1950
http://www.cnn.com/2013/03/11
/world/asia/north-korea-armistice
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On March 11th, 2013 North
Korea declares the armistice
called off.
Q: What does a container do?
The policy of the United States and NATO
was to CONTAIN (or containment)
communism from spreading because of
their belief in the Domino Theory.
54. What was the Cold War?
 A nearly 45-year period of confrontation
and competition between the United
States and the Soviet Union.
55. What was the policy of the United States
regarding communism during the decades
immediately following World War II (the
presidencies of Truman, Eisenhower, Kennedy,
and Johnson)?
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Containment
56. What were a cause of the New Red Scare?
 The revelation of several communist spies active in
the United States.
57. What was an effect of the New Red Scare?
 Increased fear of and preparation for nuclear war.
The Cold War
The Warsaw Pact was an organization of Communist states in
Central and Eastern Europe.
The treaty was signed in Warsaw, Poland on May 14, 1955 .
The treaty was in direct response to West Germany joining the North
Atlantic Treaty Organization also in 1955.
Member states: Soviet Union, Poland,
East Germany, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Romania, & Bulgaria.
The Cold War
With NATO on one
side and the
Warsaw Pact on the
other-both
superpowers
continued a mass
build-up of nuclear
weapons never
before seen on the
planet.
This turned into an
Arms Race where
both sides
multiplied their
deadly arsenal.
The Cold War
Can you read this graph?
1) What years did both
countries have the
same number of
missiles?
2) How many missiles
did the Soviets have
in 1989? The U.S.?
3) When did the U.S.
have the most
missiles? How many
did we have?
The Cold War
Mutually Assured
Destruction
(M.A.D.) is a
doctrine of military
strategy in which a
full-scale use of
nuclear weapons by
two opposing sides
would effectively
result in the
destruction of both
the attacker and the
defender.
The Cold War
This was not a game.
By the end of the 1950’s
bomb shelter plans
were the most sold item
at your local hardware
store.
The “Doomsday Clock”
was created by the
Atomic Energy
Commission (the same
group that tried to stop
the spread of WMD’s)
The Clock was
symbolic of how close
the world was getting to
a nuclear war.