Transcript World War One - Kenston Local Schools

WWI
1914-1919
MAIN or MANIA
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Militarism
Alliance System
Imperialism
Nationalism
Asassination of Archduke Ferdinand. Brought
alliances into war.
The Sides
• Central Powers
– Germany
– Ottoman Empire
– Austria-Hungary
• Allied Powers
– Russia
– France
– England
War
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Trenches
Schlieffen Plan
Technology
Russia struggling on East
America joins 1917
– Unrestricted submarine warfare
– Woodrow Wilson
Allies Win
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Russia leaves war March 1917
U.S.A enters war
Ottomans crumble
A-H crumble
Germany surrenders 11/11/18
Legacy
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Technological war
Global war
8.5 million soldiers died
10 million civilians died
Economic impact
Geographical impact
Disillusioned
Versailles Treaty
Versailles Treaty
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June 28th 1919
Supposed to ensure a lasting peace
Punishing Germany
League of Nations
Legacy of political and geographical difficulties
“Big Three”
• Woodrow Wilson
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Fair and lasting peace
Fourteen Points –
Armed forces of all nations reduced
League of Nations
• Frances Clemenceau
– Germany to pay for the war
– Stripped of land, industry and their armed forces
– Heavy reparations.
• Lloyd George
– Went along with Clemenceau.
Key Points
Territory
• Alsace Lorraine was returned to France.
• Poland became an independent country
• All German and Turkish Colonies were taken away
and put under Allied control.
• Finland, Lithuania, Latvia and Czechoslovakia
were made independent.
• Austria-Hungary was split up and Yugoslavia was
created.
Key Points
Arms
• The German army was cut
• The German Navy was cut to 36 ships and no
submarines.
• Germany was banned from having an Air
Force
Key Points
Reparations and Guilt:
• Germany has to accept total blame for the
war.
• Germany had to pay 64B (790B)
Key Points
The League of Nations:
• Created to prevent further world conflict.
Reactions
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Germany lost 13% of its land
12% of its people
Public opinion soon swung against this 'Diktat‘
Germans who signed it='November Criminals‘
United States refused to ratify it because they
didn't want to be part of the League of
Nations.
Results
• The map of Europe was redrawn
• Numerous countries were left with large
minorities groups
• 3.5m Germans in Czechoslovakia
• The League of Nations was weak without the
United States and its army to enforce decisions.
• Many Germans felt unfairly treated
• Armistice not Surrender