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U.S. HISTORY
PRACTICE E.O.I
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THE QUESTIONS
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1. The Cold War was primarily a result of
A the limitations of the League of Nations.
B the tension between communism and
capitalism.
C the competition between established nations
and new colonies.
D the refusal of the United States to send
economic aid to Japan.
2. Which Oklahoman both criticized and
supported New Deal policies in print and on
the radio?
F Will Rogers
G Ralph Ellison
H Woody Guthrie
J Frederic Remington
3. Large companies, such as Montgomery Ward
and Sears, Roebuck and Company, prospered in
the late nineteenth century primarily because
they
A provided Americans with a variety of imported
goods.
B extended the market for goods and services to
rural areas.
C financed the construction of intercontinental
railroad systems.
D paid American employees high wages and
provided good benefits.
4. The period of abundant creativity in African
American literature and art following World
War I is commonly referred to as the
F Progressive Reforms.
G Harlem Renaissance.
H Great Society.
J Glory Days.
5. Which allegation prompted the hearings
led by Senator Joseph McCarthy in the early
1950s?
A poor conditions for industrial workers
B poor enforcement of civil rights legislation
C fundraising corruption by political party
bosses
D communist infiltration of the federal
government
6. Why was the National Aeronautics and
Space Administration formed?
A to develop nuclear power plants
B to search for life in outer space
C to develop planes that could carry nuclear
weapons
D to take charge of U.S. programs for exploring
outer space.
“Our country and the world are today involved in more than a
financial crisis . . . No governmental action, no economic doctrine,
no economic plan or project can replace that . . . responsibility of
the individual man and woman to their neighbors.” —Herbert
Hoover
“We face our common difficulties. They concern . . . only material
things. Values have shrunken to fantastic levels . . . The savings of
many years in thousands of families are gone . . . This Nation asks
for action, and action now . . . I am prepared under my
constitutional duty to recommend the measures that a stricken
nation in the midst of a stricken world may require.”—Franklin D.
Roosevelt
7. The quotations illustrate the difference in the policies of
Hoover and Roosevelt regarding
A the expansion of civil rights.
B the need for resource conservation.
C the effect of foreign trade on the economy.
D the role of government in the lives of citizens.
Constitutional Amendment Passed Senators Now to
Be Elected by Popular Vote- Star Press
I
Recent Election Results in Record Turnout by VotersDaily News
II
Many States Adopt Secret Ballot- The Journal
III
Mayor Awards Construction Contract to Personal
Friends-The Globe
IV
8. Progressives would be alarmed by which headline?
FI
G II
H III
J IV
. . . Those guarantees of the Bill of Rights which are fundamental
safeguards of liberty immune from federal (limitation) are equally
protected against state invasion by the . . . Fourteenth
Amendment.
—United States Supreme Court decision, Gideon v. Wainwright,
1963
. . . No State shall . . . deprive any person of life, liberty, or
property, without due process of law; nor deny to any person
within its jurisdictions the equal protection of the laws.
—14th Amendment, 1868
9. Which statement is supported by both quotations?
A Citizens should have fair treatment under the law.
B Governments sometimes must suspend individual rights.
C States require reasonable independence from the federal
government.
D Governments should have broader ability to protect personal
possessions.
10. The policies of the New Deal influenced
African Americans to support
F the Populist Party.
G the Democratic Party.
H the Republican Party.
J the Communist Party.
11. Which statement describes a result of the
Supreme Court ruling in Brown v. Board of
Education of Topeka, Kansas?
A Counties prevented illiterate citizens from voting
in elections.
B Businesses provided separate but equal facilities
for men and women.
C Housing for low-income and rural families
received approval from Congress.
D Integration policies allowed African Americans to
attend previously all-white public schools.
 United States Acquires Guam
 Remember the Maine
 United States Acquires the Philippines
12. Which war was associated with the
headlines above?
F Cold War
G Civil War
H World War I
J Spanish-American War
 Here we have one of the factors responsible for the
uneven progress of industry and agriculture. Compared
with the factory, the farm has suffered from . . .
outmoded techniques. . . . Yet all of us who studied the
problem believed that an opening inevitably would
come for a serious, well-ordered effort to extend to the
farm the benefits electricity has made possible to town
dwellers in this country. —Morris L. Cooke, Rural
Electrification Administration, 1935
13. Based on the quotation, which statement best
describes the impact of rural electrification on American
society?
A decreased dependence on technology
B decreased government intervention in industry
C increased economic development of rural areas
D increased movement of people from urban to rural areas
 “You have a row of dominoes set up, you knock over
the first one, and what will happen to the last one
is the certainty that it will go over very quickly.” —
President Dwight D. Eisenhower, referring to the
spread of communism in Southeast Asia, 1954
14. Which action was taken to support President
Eisenhower’s theory about communism in Vietnam?
F President Johnson suspended bombing in North
Vietnam.
G United States citizens held demonstrations against
the Vietnam War.
H United States forces increased military operations in
South Vietnam.
J President Nixon called for a gradual withdrawal of
troops from Vietnam.
15 Which explanation for the decline in voter
turnout during the 1970s is best?
A The rise of third parties tended to overwhelm
voters.
B Political scandals like Watergate created a
distrust of government.
C The lack of differences between the candidates
caused disinterest among voters.
D Economic depression caused Americans to be
more concerned with their personal lives.
16 The Ku Klux Klan marches in Binghamton, New York,
in the 1920s. Based on the photograph, the marchers
wanted the government to pass immigration laws that
would favor
F immigrants from all religious groups.
G immigrants from diverse ethnic groups.
H people descended from Northern European
Protestants.
J people descended from Southern European Catholics.
17 Roosevelt’s “Big Stick Diplomacy” resulted in
A an increase in presidential power.
B a decrease in imperialistic activity.
C an increase in United States territory in Europe.
D a decrease in United States involvement in
Central America.
18. President Theodore Roosevelt became
known as a “trustbuster” because he
supported laws designed to regulate
A campaign finances.
B business monopolies.
C religious organizations.
D educational institutions.
19. Which event contributed most to the
Harlem Renaissance?
F fears associated with the Red Scare
G political reforms of the Populist Movement
H tensions from the Back to Africa Movement
J migration of African Americans to Northern
cities
20. What was the most significant American
contribution to the Allied cause before 1942?
A air support for Allied troops
B military ground forces in the Pacific
C war materials leased to Allied forces
D atomic research of the Manhattan Project
21. Which statement best describes the U.S.
government’s usual reaction to large waves of
immigrants?
F laws that restrict the number of immigrants from
certain countries
G laws that make it easier for immigrants to earn
decent wages
H laws that make it easier for immigrants to enter
the country
J laws that restrict immigrants from certain jobs
22. What was one of the results of Franklin D.
Roosevelt being elected to four terms as
president?
A a restriction of voting rights
B a public demand for longer presidential terms
C a revision in nominating procedures of the
major political parties
D a constitutional amendment limiting a
president to two full terms in office
23. Why were President George H.W. Bush and his
administration concerned about Iraq’s military
aggression prior to the Persian Gulf War?
F they thought the aggression would start an Arab
uprising
G they thought the aggression would threaten the
sovereignty of Israel
H they thought the aggression would threaten the
Saudi Arabian oil reserves
J they thought the aggression would spread radical
Islam throughout the Middle East
24. What was the significance of the Allied
victory at Guadalcanal?
A It ended fighting in the Pacific.
B It cut off Japanese supply lines.
C It forced the surrender of the Italian army.
D It was the first offensive that involved the
United States.
25. Which remark by President George W. Bush
during the signing of the Homeland Security Act
summarizes the intent of the new department?
F “many terrorists are now being interrogated”
G “we understand they hate us because of what we love”
H “America will be better able to respond to future attacks”
J “We’re fighting a new kind of war against determined enemies”
26. Which action was a result of the SpanishAmerican War?
A The United States was too weakened to influence
world events.
B The United States granted full independence to
all countries involved in the conflict.
C President McKinley stated that the United States
should avoid all future military conflicts.
D The United States acquired possessions in the
Pacific Ocean and the Caribbean Sea.
27. The term “Great Society” came to represent
A. the glamorous image of the Kennedy
administration.
B the nation’s anti-communist agenda.
C Michael Harrington’s affluent society.
D the domestic programs of the Johnson
administration.
Contributions of Some Immigrant Groups, Mid-to-Late 1800s
Immigrant Group
Some Jobs Held
Irish
Union Pacific Railroad workers, city laborers
Chinese
Central Pacific Railroad workers
Italian
Bridge and subway construction workers
German
Farmers, merchants
28. Based on the information, which conclusion regarding
immigrants in the mid-to-late 1800s is most likely true?
A They controlled much of the capital in banks.
B They found a variety of ways to get rich quickly.
C They seldom experienced discrimination in the workplace.
D They frequently performed the most strenuous types of work.
Imperialism Expansionism Yellow Journalism
29. The terms listed above are associated with the
F Korean War.
G Great Depression.
H Civil Rights Movement.
J Spanish-American War.
German Words Commonly Used in the United States
Kindergarten noodle pretzel
frankfurter waltz spritz
zig-zag
torte hamburger
30. Based on the information, which conclusion about the
influence of immigrants on the United States can be made?
A Immigrants’ impact on the United States affected only major
cities.
B Immigrants from Germany had the greatest impact on the United
States.
C Immigrants’ cultural impact on the United States can be seen on a
daily basis.
D Immigrants from Germany had an impact only on the food of the
United States.
“I never take a step in foreign policy unless I am assured that I shall
be able eventually to carry out my will by force.” —President
Theodore Roosevelt
“We have become a great nation, forced by the fact of its greatness
into relations with the other nations of the earth . . . But justice and
generosity in a nation . . . count most when shown not by the weak
but by the strong.”
—President Theodore Roosevelt
31. Based on these quotations, President Roosevelt’s opponents
were probably most critical of his
F weakening the military by sending troops to too many locations.
G threatening the use of military action to dominate other nations.
H spending money on building up economies throughout the world.
J overstepping his constitutional authority in dealing with other
nations.
32. The concept of massive retaliation was
A adopted from German war strategies by John
Foster Dulles.
B a pledge that the United States would use
overwhelming force to settle serious conflicts.
C integral to the formation of the Central
Intelligence Agency.
D the main military strategy of the Soviet Union.
33. Which event describes a World War II
sacrifice made by United States citizens on
the home front?
F Many industrial jobs were eliminated.
G Protests and riots caused great destruction.
H Many U.S. cities were destroyed by German
bombs.
J Fuel, textiles, meat, and other goods were
rationed.
34. In the United States, third-party movements
occur most often when
A law and order breaks down in society.
B large numbers of immigrants enter the country.
C major political parties ignore important public
issues.
D presidents and government officials become
too powerful.
35. An example of ethnic discrimination during
World War II occurred when
F German Americans were tried for war crimes.
G Ethel and Julius Rosenberg were executed for
spying.
H Japanese Americans were imprisoned in
internment camps.
J African American women were excluded from
the workforce.
36. How did the impact of the Brown v. Board of
Education of Topeka, Kansas decision go beyond
its original intent?
A It allowed the federal government to use any
measures to enforce the law.
B It directed public schools to teach people how to
address racial problems.
C It ushered in a period of racial harmony in the
nation.
D It expanded integration beyond public schools.
Political Platforms 1948–1972
Government should spend more money to help people who are
out of work. —Democratic Party
Government should help business first, because better business
means more jobs. —Republican Party
37. Which generalization is best supported by these
statements?
F Republicans were leaders and Democrats were followers.
G Democrats and Republicans disagreed over the constitutional
issues.
H Both parties were concerned only with the needs of large
corporations.
J Both parties had different ideas about how to accomplish the
same goals.
38. At the outbreak of war in Europe in 1914,
President Wilson followed a foreign policy of
F neutrality.
G militarism.
H containment.
J expansionism.
39. One factor which contributed to the Great
Depression was that American consumers in the
1920s
A avoided purchasing anything other than the bare
necessities.
B began to accumulate personal debt through
installment buying.
C were unable to afford manufactured goods
because the costs were so high.
D waited until they had saved enough money
before making major purchases.
40. Which event caused a president to resign in
disgrace?
F the Cold War
G the Watergate scandal
H the Bay of Pigs invasion
J the Teapot Dome scandal
41. What themes dominated the songs that
Woody Guthrie wrote during the 1930s?
A sophisticated wit that appealed to wealthy
urbanites
B musical humor that poked fun at American
politicians
C social injustice and hardship during the Great
Depression
D sarcastic humor which expressed a cynical
view of communism
42. How were the roles of women and minorities
affected by America’s entrance into World War II?
F Both groups found new employment
opportunities.
G Both groups were allowed to vote for the first
time.
H Both groups were allowed to serve in the armed
forces for the first time.
J Both groups joined forces to fight against racial
and gender discrimination.
43. Which headline would probably have
appeared first?
A1
B2
C3
D4
44. What was the purpose of the requirements
listed in the box above?
F to encourage more young Americans to vote
G to make the voting process more democratic
H to restrict many African Americans from voting
J to demonstrate the benefits of women’s suffrage
45. Which social change is a significant result of
the twentieth century women’s movement in the
United States?
A Women have made few gains in society since the
passage of the 19thAmendment.
B Women regularly earn higher salaries than men
for doing the same work.
C A larger percentage of women are homemakers
now than ever before.
D Society has become more aware of the concerns
of American women.
46. Which statement best describes the
importance of immigration to the development
of the United States?
F Immigration has had no real influence on the
United States.
G The population of the United States would
decline without immigration.
H Immigrants usually brought family fortunes that
helped to build the United States.
J Immigration provides a flow of new ideas and
diverse cultures to the United States.
47. How was immigration critical to the rapid
industrialization of the late nineteenth
century?
A Immigrants were generally skilled workers.
B Immigrants enjoyed a high standard of living.
C Immigrants financed the expansion of
industry.
D Immigrants supplied a large pool of unskilled
labor.
48. What convinced President Truman to use
the atomic bomb?
F the decision by Hitler to send troops to Japan
G the inability of the United States to capture
any Pacific islands
H the projections of heavy casualties in an Allied
invasion of Japan
J the unanimous support of the United States
scientific community
49. Which activity best completes the
diagram?
A watching television
B driving an automobile
C traveling on jet planes
D using a personal computer
“What is our title to the Philippine Islands? Do we hold them by
treaty or by conquest? Did we buy them, or did we take them? .
. . If governments derive their just powers from the consent of
the governed, it is impossible to secure title to [the Philippine
people], either by force or by purchase.” —William Jennings
Bryan, 1900
50. In his speech on United States imperialism, William
Jennings Bryan gave reasons for his belief in
F the right of people to determine their own destiny.
G the role of government in upholding equal rights for all
citizens.
H the responsibility of a government to come to the aid of its
allies.
J the right of one country to overthrow the government of
another country.
51. Which battle was the turning point in the
Pacific theater of World War II ?
A Midway
B Okinawa
C Leyte Gulf
D Pearl Harbor
52. The Great Migration to Northern cities
contributed most directly to an increase in
F racial hostility.
G patriotic expression.
H national isolationism.
J railroad construction.
53. Which World War II event forced Germany
to fight a land war on two European fronts?
A the Battle of Britain
B the Battle of the Bulge
C the invasion of Normandy
D the evacuation of Dunkirk
54. Which event was a post-World War II reaction
to the Holocaust?
F constitutional amendments outlawing antiSemitism
G the establishment of Israel as an independent
nation
H the return of all confiscated property to Jewish
survivors
J passage of anti-Semitic laws throughout the
United States
“The facts of the matter are that this nation’s foes
have openly boasted of acquiring through our
newspapers information they would otherwise hire
agents to acquire through theft, bribery, or
espionage.”
—President John F. Kennedy, 1961
55. Why did President Kennedy feel that some
information should not be published in newspapers?
A Such publication damages military morale.
B The First Amendment was not important to him.
C The American military is governed by martial law.
D Communists could obtain vital information from
newspaper reports.
56. The cartoon suggests that
during the late 1800s the
United States government
was
F shifting its foreign policy
toward global expansion.
G encouraging immigration in
order to gain new states.
H restricting its foreign policy
actions to unpopulated areas
of the world.
J providing military and
economic assistance to
nations attempting to become
democracies.
57. Which of these is the
most accurate conclusion
that can be drawn from this
chart?
F Irish immigration was
higher in the middle 1800s
than in the early 1900s.
G German immigration was
higher in the early 1900s than
in the middle 1800s.
H Fewer people immigrated
to this country in the early
1900s than in the middle of
the 1800s.
J There was no difference in
the number of immigrants
entering the country
between the two periods.
58. The Immigration Act of 1924 imposed
immigration quotas on what basis?
A literacy
B nationality
C social class
D religious beliefs
59. The 19th Amendment was nicknamed the
“Susan B. Anthony Amendment” because
Anthony
F graduated from Oberlin College.
G chaired the Seneca Falls Convention.
H helped lead the women’s suffrage
movement.
J fought for women’s health and safety
standards.
“You have a row of dominoes set up, you knock
over the first one, and what will happen to the last
one is the certainty that it will go over very quickly.
So you could have a beginning of a [process] that
would have the most profound influences.” —
President Dwight D. Eisenhower News Conference
on April 7, 1954
60. The view expressed in the quotation most
directly resulted in the United States
A increasing its involvement in Vietnam.
B developing a program to explore space.
C increasing the stockpile of nuclear weapons.
D improving its diplomatic relations with China.
“You have a row of dominoes set up, you knock over the first one,
and what will happen to the last one is the certainty that it will
go over very quickly. So you could have a beginning of a [process]
that would have the most profound influences.” — President
Dwight D. Eisenhower News Conference on April 7, 1954
61. Which presidential platform is most similar to the view
Eisenhower expressed?
F Calvin Coolidge’s desire to create a favorable business climate
G Woodrow Wilson’s vision of an international peacekeeping
organization
H Harry Truman’s commitment to support countries resisting
communism
J Franklin Roosevelt’s belief in government spending to help the
economy
“The battle against Communism must be joined in
Southeast Asia with strength and determination to
achieve success there—or the United States,
inevitably, must surrender the Pacific and take up our
defenses on our own shores.”
—Vice President Johnson writing to JFK, 1961
62. What did Vice President Johnson want President
Kennedy to do?
A invade the Soviet Union
B withdraw troops from Southeast Asia
C increase United States military presence in Vietnam
D build new military bases in California and
Washington
63. Why do historians believe Vice President
Johnson’s ideas, also known as “the domino effect,”
are opinion rather than fact?
F He clearly is prejudiced against any nation that is led
by a communist.
G He exaggerates the scope of the communist drive
for world domination.
H He uses emotionally charged language rather than
diplomatic tones to convey his message to the
president.
J He offers no proof that if one nation in a region
becomes communist, all other nations in the region
will also become communist.
64. Which excerpt from President Franklin D.
Roosevelt’s war message to Congress would be
considered a fact rather than an opinion?
A “The Japanese government has deliberately
sought to deceive the United States by false
statements . . .”
B “The American people in their righteous might
will win . . .”
C “Our people, our territory, and our interests are
in grave danger . . .”
D “American ships have been torpedoed on the
high seas . . .”
65. One reason immigration laws were passed in
the 1920s was
A fear of radical ideas and communism.
B resentment toward Europeans after World War I.
C the success of D.W. Griffith’s film Birth of a
Nation.
D writings by leaders of the Niagara Movement.
66. Which government reform does the
cartoon promote?
F building safety codes
G equal opportunity laws
H social security programs
J environmental protection acts
67. The cartoon shows support for a cause
promoted by the
A abolitionists.
B industrialists.
C isolationists.
D progressives.
68. Which statement best
expresses the message of
the cartoon?
F Laws should be passed to
protect women in the
workplace.
G Laws should be passed
to encourage women to
work at home.
H Women should be
allowed to work in
management positions.
J Women should use
modern technology to
make their work easier.
69. After World War II, United States foreign
policy was characterized by its long-term
opposition to communist expansion. This
policy is called
A pacifism.
B isolationism.
C containment.
D appeasement.
70. Which most directly caused American
entry into World War I?
A the bombing of Pearl Harbor
B economic recovery from the Great
Depression
C the protection of American trade interests
within Germany
D the use of unrestricted submarine warfare
against American shipping
71. Which of these best explains the foreign
policy objective of President Taft’s “Dollar
Diplomacy”?
F It should use military force around the world.
G It should recruit skilled workers from
overseas.
H It should isolate the United States from
Central America.
J It should use investments to gain influence in
the Western hemisphere.
72. President Wilson’s goal for the League of
Nations was
F a balance-of-power theory.
G international cooperation.
H a strong international military force.
J the United States becoming a world
superpower.
73. Which form of entertainment helped to
create a mass, nationwide popular culture in
the 1920s and 1930s?
A radio
B television
C vaudeville
D live theatre
74. What method did many Americans use to
buy items beyond their means in the 1920s?
F barter
G loans from relatives
H installment plans
J government loans
75. Which statement asserts the ideas of most
New Deal economists?
A Big business should set most economic
policies.
B The law of supply and demand should
determine all economic decisions.
C The federal government should have
absolutely no power over the economy.
D An important function of government is to
moderate the effects of the business cycle.
76. When President Franklin D. Roosevelt
said, “December 7, 1941, a date which will
live in infamy,” to what was he referring?
F the Battle of St. Lo
G the Battle of the Bulge
H the evacuation of Dunkirk
J the attack on Pearl Harbor
77. Why was the North Atlantic Treaty
Organization (NATO) formed?
A to invade the Soviet Union and end the
communist threat
B to spread communist propaganda in post-war
Europe
C to further the United States’ foreign policy of
containment
D to provide support for the French resistance to
Hitler
78. Senator Joseph McCarthy was responsible
for inciting fear and hysteria in the American
public by claiming that
F members of the Communist Party were
infiltrating all levels of American government.
G large numbers of immigrants from Ireland were
creating crime in the nation’s cities.
H anarchists and radicals from Italy were plotting
to overthrow the government.
J Spain had destroyed an American warship in
Havana, Cuba.
79. Which individual was a driving force behind
the passage of the 1964 Civil Rights Act?
F Marcus Garvey
G Frederick Douglass
H Booker T. Washington
J Martin Luther King, Jr.
80. What event sparked the beginning of the
modern feminist movement?
A the refusal of Rosa Parks to give up her bus
seat
B the publication of The Feminine Mystique by
Betty Friedan
C the Vietnam War
D the passage of the Equal Rights Amendment
1.B
2.F
3.B
4.G
5.D
6.D
7.D
8.J
9.A
10.G
11.D
12.J
13.C
14.H
15.B
16.H
17.A
18.B
19.J
20.C
21.F
22.D
23.H
24.B
25.H
26.D
27.D
28.D
29.J
30.C
31.G
32.B
33.J
34.C
35.H
36.D
37.J
38.F
39.B
40.G
41.C
42.F
43.B
44.H
45.D
46.J
47.D
48.H
49.B
50.F
51.A
52.F
53.C
54.G
55.D
56.F
57.F
58.B
59.H
60.A
61.H
62.C
63.J
64.D
65.A
66.G
67.D
68.H
69.C
70.D
71.J
72.G
73.A
74.H
75.D
76.J
77.C
78.F
79.J
80.B