Transcript EOC Practice questions

BEGIN UNIT 1
Exploration and Colonization
• Which of the following groups was allowed to
vote during the Federalist Period?
A. African Americans
B. American Indians
C. women
D. white male property owners
• In what respect did the Mayflower Compact
anticipate the Declaration of Independence?
A. It established the principle of representative
government.
B. It created a government based on the consent of
the people.
C. It introduced a system of checks and balances.
D. It set limits on the authority of the English
Parliament in the colonies.
• The widely distributed pamphlet which
aroused support for independence among
colonists was—
A. "Social Contract Theory"
B. "Natural Rights of Man"
C. "Common Sense"
D. the Declaration of Independence
• The French and Indian War increased tension
between Britain and the American colonies
because the—
A. British pressed the colonies to form the
Committees of Correspondence
B. colonies had hoped to win their independence
during the war
C. colonies had not been allowed to participate in
the war
D. British insisted that the colonies share the
expenses of the war
• A Native American living in the Ohio River valley region would
have which of the following views about the Proclamation of 1763
that forbade colonists from entering the region?
A.
They would agree because they didn’t want to see Europeans in
the area.
B. They would be angry because they could not sell their land to the
colonists.
C. They would ignore the law, since the English government could
not regulate Native Americans.
D. They would agree, since the settlers wanted to start a war with
the French.
• The rush among European powers to establish
colonies in the Americas can BEST be described
as
A. an attempt to create regional cooperation and
unity
B. an extension of military and economic rivalries
C. a desire to learn about other cultures
D. an effort to spread Christianity around the world
• Attempts to escape religious persecution
were key factors in the original settlement of
which American colonies?
A. South Carolina and Georgia
B. Virginia and New York
C. Pennsylvania and Maryland
D. North Carolina and New Jersey
• Because of the passage of the Stamp Act in 1765,
many colonists began to believe that
A. they should only abide by laws enacted by their own
representatives
B. they should appeal to the French for help against the
British government
C. Native Americans should follow the same laws as the
colonists
D. the British government was attempting to improve
government services
• In which area did good harbors, abundant
forests, rocky soil, and a short growing season
most influence the colonial economy?
A. Southern colonies
B. Middle Atlantic region
C. Northwest Territory
D. New England colonies
• The Mayflower Compact and the Virginia
House of Burgesses are most closely
associated with
A. abuses by absolute monarchs
B. establishment of religious toleration
C. steps toward colonial self-government
D. adoption of universal suffrage
• The British benefited from their mercantilist
relationship with the American colonies primarily
by
A. supporting the growth of colonial industries
B. prohibiting colonists from fishing and fur trading
C. taking large amounts of gold and silver from the
southern colonies
D. buying raw materials from the colonies and
selling them finished products
• During the first half of the 1800s, geographic
factors influenced the economy of New England
by
A. encouraging the establishment of large
plantations
B. promoting the growth of trade and
manufacturing
C. increasing the region’s reliance on slave labor
D. supporting rice and indigo farming
• Since the late 1700s, the Mississippi River has
been a vital waterway because it
A. divided the northern territories from the
southern territories
B. allowed American farmers direct access to
Canadian markets
C. connected the Great Lakes to the Atlantic Ocean
D. provided farmers and merchants an outlet to
the Gulf of Mexico
• Which heading best completes the partial outline
below?
• I._(choose from a, b, c or d below)______________
2. Villages with town meetings
3. Small farms and commercial fishing
4. First American college
a. New England Colonies
b. Middle Colonies
c. Southern Colonies
d. Spanish Colonies
• Which document included John Locke’s idea
that people have the right to overthrow an
oppressive government?
A. Mayflower Compact
B. Northwest Ordinance
C. Declaration of Independence
D. Bill of Rights
• According to the theory of mercantilism, the
principal purpose of the thirteen original
colonies was to provide Great Britain with
A. naval bases
B. raw materials and markets
C. workers and manufactured goods
D. military recruits
• During the early to mid-1700s, the British policy
of salutary neglect toward the American colonies
contributed to
A. a decline in colonial manufacturing
B. the decline of slavery in the northern colonies
C. a decrease in French and Spanish influence in
North America
D. the development of independent colonial trade
practices
• Which statement is most accurate about the
movement for independence in the thirteen colonies?
A. The independence movement began soon after the
founding of the Plymouth Colony.
B. Protests against British colonial policies gradually led
to demands for independence.
C. The King of England required the colonists to become
economically self-sufficient.
D. The movement for independence was equally strong
in all of the colonies.
• “It is not the cause of one poor printer, nor of New York alone, which you
are now trying. No! It may in its consequence affect every free man that
lives under a British government on the main [continent] of America. It is
the best cause. It is the cause of liberty. . . . Nature and the laws of our
country have given us a right to liberty of both exposing and opposing
arbitrary power (in these parts of the world at least) by speaking and
writing the truth.” — Andrew Hamilton, 1735
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
This courtroom summation helped establish which democratic principle
in colonial America?
trial by jury
equal voting rights
protection of private property
freedom of the press
• “The only representatives of the people of these colonies
are persons chosen therein by themselves; and that no
taxes ever have been, or can be constitutionally imposed
on them but by their respective legislatures.” -Statement
by the Stamp Act Congress, 1765
A. What is a valid conclusion that can be drawn from this
quotation?
B. The colonial legislatures should be appointed by the
English King with the consent of Parliament.
C. Only the colonists’ elected representatives should have
the power to levy taxes.
D. The English King should have the right to tax the colonists.
E. The colonists should be opposed to all taxation.
END UNIT 1
Exploration and Colonization
BEGIN UNIT 2
Creating a Nation
• During George Washington’s presidency, what was the
major reason for conflict between Thomas Jefferson
and Alexander Hamilton?
A. Washington’s decision not to seek a third term
B. the distribution of power between the judicial branch
and the legislative branch
C. the U.S. government’s decision to remain neutral in
the war between France and Britain
D. Hamilton’s objection to Jefferson’s strict
interpretation of the Constitution
• Which statement best explains the lack of political
participation by American Indians in the United States
during the Federalist period?
A. American Indians did not believe they were affected
by U.S. government decisions.
B. American Indians were denied U.S. citizenship.
C. American Indians refused to vote because of different
views on land ownership.
D. American Indians did not support the United States’
desire to expand west of the Mississippi River.
• Which of these ideas did DemocraticRepublicans not support?
A. agriculture over industries
B. states' rights
C. a powerful national government
D. low tariffs
• A primary goal of the Monroe Doctrine (1823)
was to
A. prevent European intervention in Latin America
B. create an opportunity for the annexation of
Canada
C. protect the site of a canal across Central
America
D. help European nations establish new Western
Hemisphere colonies
• The right of the people to overthrow a
tyrannical government is a main theme of
which document?
A. Articles of Confederation
B. Declaration of Independence
C. United States Constitution
D. Emancipation Proclamation
• The quotation: "The powers not delegated to the
United States by the Constitution… are reserved
to the states…" describes the principle of
A. due process of law
B. federalism
C. implied powers
D. centralized authority
• At the Constitutional Convention of 1787, which
issue was resolved by the Great Compromise?
A. powers to be given to the judicial branch
B. role of the electoral college in selecting the
President
C. representation of large and small states in
Congress
D. inclusion of a Bill of Rights to protect individual
liberties
• Which quotation from the United States Constitution best
illustrates the balance between order and liberty?
A. "The Congress shall have the power… to borrow money on the
credit of the United States."
B. "The privilege of the writ of habeas corpus shall not be
suspended, unless when in cases of rebellion or invasion the
public safety may require it."
C. "The President shall be Commander-in-Chief of the Army and
Navy of the United States, and of the militia of the several
states, when called into the actual service of the United
States."
D. "The judicial power of the United States shall be vested in one
Supreme Court and in such inferior courts as the Congress may
from time to time ordain and establish."
• “The enumeration [listing] in the Constitution, of certain rights,
shall not be construed [interpreted] to deny or disparage [weaken]
others retained by the people.”
— 9th Amendment to the United States Constitution
A.
The most likely reason this amendment was included in the Bill of
Rights was to
B. increase federal power over the people
C. expand state control over individual citizens
D. protect rights beyond those listed in the Constitution
E. prevent Congress from granting additional rights to individuals
• The constitutional guarantee of the writ of
habeas corpus makes it unlawful for a citizen of
the United States to be
A. a defendant in a trial without the benefit of
counsel.
B. jailed for an extended period without a hearing
before a judge.
C. prosecuted for his/her religious beliefs.
D. taxed without the approval of Congress.
• Which of the following compromises helped ensure
southern support for the proposed Constitution?
A. Creating a bicameral legislature with a House and a
Senate
B. Counting three-fifths of the slave population for
purposes of representation
C. Allowing the perpetual importation of slaves
D. Enacting a high tariff to support the cotton industry
• The most serious weakness of the Articles of
Confederation was brought about by the
authors'
A. fear of concentration of power in national
government.
B. distrust of representative government.
C. disregard of the principles of States rights.
D. inability to provide for regional differences.
• Jefferson was a strict constitutionalist. He believed that the
Constitution did not allow the federal government to
acquire new territory. When he learned that Napoleon
wanted to sell Louisiana to the U. S., how did he act?
A. He recognized the value of the land, put aside his political
ideas, and approved the sale
B. He was enraged that his representatives had gone against
his beliefs, and canceled the sale
C. He pretended that he had been an advocate of big
government all along
D. He contacted Napoleon, and tried to get him to withdraw
his offer
• The Alien and Sedition Acts outlawed which of
the following behaviors?
A. organizing political parties
B. speaking evils of the government and
executive branch
C. advocating a progressive income tax and
direct election of senators
D. joining a political party
• The significance of the case Marbury v. Madison (1803)
is that it
A. established the principle of judicial review.
B. declared the Alien and Sedition Acts to be legitimate
laws.
C. demonstrated the supremacy of the national
government over the states
D. attempted to place the judiciary outside the
impeachment power of the House of Representatives.
• The reason for ending the importation of
enslaved persons to the United States after 1807
was the
A. success of the American colonial revolution
against Britain.
B. rapid industrialization of the South.
C. replacement of slave labor by immigrant
workers from eastern Europe.
D. passage of legislation that forbids the practice.
• Which of the following describes the main mission of
the Lewis and Clark expedition?
A. to explore American possessions in California, with
the hope of finding gold
B. to scout the Native American tribes of the South, in
preparation for making war against them
C. to secretly cross the border into Canada, with the
plan of expanding American territory to the north
D. to make a scientific, geographic, and anthropological
survey of the lands included in the Louisiana Purchase
• Which of the following writers wrote 'The
Legend of Sleepy Hollow?'
A. Thomas Moran
B. Walt Whitman
C. Margaret Fuller
D. Washington Irving
• The "Great Awakening" is best described as—
A. a total rejection of Puritan ideas
B. the conversion of thousands of Native
Americans to Christianity
C. a series of religious revivals in the British
colonies
D. the economic shift of many New Englanders
• “You have secured to us the free navigation of the
Mississippi. You have procured an immense and
fertile country: and all these great blessings are
obtained without bloodshed.”
This quotation refers to
A.
B.
C.
D.
the Louisiana Purchase
gains from the Black Hawk War
the loss of British forts in the West
the annexation of Texas
END UNIT 2
Creating a Nation
BEGIN UNIT 3
Antebellum America
• Which is an example of the concept of
Manifest Destiny in action?
A. the Missouri Compromise
B. the annexation of Mexican territory
C. the Transatlantic Slave Trade
D. the Compromise of 1850
• A similarity between the pre-Civil War abolitionist
movement and the Progressive movement is that
both
A. were mainly concerned with improving the
status of African Americans.
B. worked to reduce income taxes.
C. contributed directly to the start of a major war.
D. sought to improve the conditions of poor or
oppressed peoples.
• Which issues were controversial in national politics
during the period 1800–1850?
A. racial prejudice, territorial expansion, immigration
policy
B. tariff policy, nullification, rights of neutrals
C. regulation of railroads, overseas acquisitions, federal
income tax policy
D. states' rights policy, control of the Northwest
Territory, recognition of United States independence
by France
• How did the attitudes of slavery in the North
contrast to those in the South?
A. Northerners welcomed the reintroduction of
slavery into the Northern states
B. Northerners often deplored the existence of
slavery in the south, even as they benefited
from cheap goods produced by slave labor
C. Morally opposed to slavery, Northerners refused
to do any business with Southerners
D. Most Northerners did not see slavery as a moral
issue
• Why did Southerners come to resent the imposition of
tariffs on foreign goods by the national government?
A. In fact, Southerners did not resent the tariff at all
B. Southerners thought that they were having to pay
artificially high prices for Northern manufactured
goods
C. Southerners felt that the tariff attacked their right to
own slaves
D. Southerners felt that the tariff kept them from
developing their own factories
• Which of the following describes Dorothea
Dix's main concern?
A. ensuring that criminals were punished
severely
B. keeping immigrants out of the United States
C. maintaining an isolationist policy with other
countries
D. bringing about humane conditions in prisons
and insane asylums
• Which answer best describes the idea of 'popular
sovereignty?'
A. popular support for Great Britain following the War of
1812
B. the belief that, in a democracy, there was no
difference between a king and the regular citizenry
C. the belief that citizens in a given territory are allowed
to decide for themselves the issue of slavery and
whether territory should be free or slave
D. the belief that the people in Washington D. C. have
the right to decide that slavery is wrong
• What was the main effect of the Dred Scott Decision?
A. The Supreme Court shocked the nation by ruling that
slavery was immoral and needed to be stopped
immediately
B. The Supreme Court ruled that Dred Scott could
operate a Casino on a Indian Reservation
C. The Supreme Court ruled that slaves were property
and non-citizens
D. The Supreme Court ruled that Dred Scott was a free
man and allowed to marry and move to Wisconsin
• What was William Lloyd Garrison best known
for?
A. perfecting an efficient mode of cotton
production
B. the Missouri Compromise
C. arguing for the termination of the National
Bank
D. advocating the abolition of slavery through
his newspaper, The Liberator
• The Hudson River School was known for
A. being the first school to enroll African
Americans
B. being the first school to enroll women
C. being the first school to assimilate Indians
D. its paintings of American landscape
• What did the South gain from both the
Compromise of the 1850 and the KansasNebraska Act?
A. an enforcement of the Fugitive Slave Law
B. a provision to honor the Mason-Dixon line
C. the gradual elimination of slavery in the
territories being added to the nation
D. the use of popular sovereignty in making
decisions about slavery in the territories
• “I hold that in the present state of civilization, where
two races of different origin, and distinguished by
color, and other physical differences, as well as
intellectual, are brought together, the reaction now
existing in the slave holding states between the two
is, instead of an evil, a good—a positive good.” —
1837
Who expressed these ideas?
A. Frederick Douglass
B. Robert E. Lee
C. John C. Calhoun
D. Stephen Douglas
• During the first half of the 19th century,
territorial expansion led to
A. increased tensions over slavery
B. improved relations with bordering nations
C. fewer conflicts with Native American Indians
D. decreased domestic demand for
manufactured goods
• In the mid-1800s, the growth of the
populations of California and the western
territories was mainly a result of the
A. discovery of gold and silver
B. opening of the Panama Canal
C. migration of freedmen after the Civil War
D. secession of the Southern states
• Prior to 1850, what was a main reason the North
developed an economy increasingly based on
manufacturing while the South continued to rely on an
economy based on agriculture?
A. Protective tariffs applied only to northern seaports.
B. Geographic conditions supported different types of
economic activity.
C. Slavery in the North promoted rapid economic
growth.
D. Manufacturers failed to make a profit in the South.
• The Declaration of Sentiments from the Seneca
Falls Convention of 1848 proclaimed that
A. the abolition of slavery was necessary
B. all men and women are created equal
C. California should be admitted as a free state
D. the sale of alcoholic beverages should be illegal
• The Missouri Compromise (1820), and the
Compromise of 1850 were both efforts to
A. end fighting between Midwestern farmers and
Native American Indians
B. encourage manufacturing in the West
C. increase the number of people who voted in
presidential elections
D. settle disputes over the spread of slavery to the
western territories
• How did the Erie Canal impact the economy of
New York and the Northeast?
A. It opened waterways to greater trade, thereby
making New York more dependent on foreign
products.
B. It enhanced western settlements by making it
easier for people to move west.
C. It broadened markets by making it easier to ship
products to other parts of the country.
D. It devastated the New York economy as people
and industries left the city to migrate west.
END UNIT 3
Antebellum America
BEGIN UNIT 4
Civil War and Reconstruction
• Which event was the immediate cause of the secession
of several Southern states from the Union in 1860?
A. the Dred Scott decision, which declared that all prior
compromises on the extension of slavery into the
territories were unconstitutional
B. the Missouri Compromise, which kept an even
balance between the number of free and slave states
C. the raid on the federal arsenal at Harper's Ferry,
which was led by the militant abolitionist John Brown
D. the election of President Abraham Lincoln, who
opposed the spread of slavery into the territories
• Which statement best explains why
Reconstruction ended?
A. Reconstruction policies were no longer needed
when the Southern states rejoined the Union.
B. African Americans prospered financially.
C. Reconstruction was intended to be a short-term
event that would end in 10 years.
D. Enforcement of Reconstruction Acts decreased
because of political compromise.
• You shall not press down upon the brow of labor
this crown of thorns, you shall not crucify
mankind upon a cross of gold.
- William Jennings Bryan, 1896
According to this excerpt, which idea did William
Jennings Bryan promote?
A Granger laws
B diamond standard
C socialism
D bimetallism
• What was the main reason that many leaders in
Great Britain leaned toward supporting the
Confederacy in the Civil War?
A. Britain relied on Southern cotton for its
factories.
B. British politicians wanted to make the United
States weaker so that they could conquer it
C. Most British immigrants to the United States
lived in the South.
D. Plantation owners in Britain held slaves
• The most direct effect of poll taxes and
literacy tests on African Americans was to
A. prevent them from voting
B. limit their access to public facilities
C. block their educational opportunities
D. deny them economic advancements
• Why did Lincoln at first resist issuing the Emancipation
Proclamation?
A. Lincoln thought his main duty was to save and
preserve the Union from a secessionist movement
B. Lincoln had no moral opposition to slavery and
thought it was acceptable
C. Lincoln worried about upsetting southern businesses
D. Lincoln was afraid that such a proclamation would
make Great Britain angry, and bring them into the war
• The Civil Rights Act of 1866 intended to
provide what to newly freed slaves?
A. equal citizenship
B. a graduated income tax and freedom of
speech
C. the right of Black men to vote
D. ending slavery in America
• Which statement best describes
sharecropping?
A. farmers who were so prosperous that they
shared their crops with those less fortunate
B. large landowners that reaped huge profits
C. farmers that owned no land and borrowed
from a landowner in exchange for work and a
small share of the crop yield
D. small landowners
• Which statement best defines the Jim Crow laws?
A. laws restricting the sale of alcoholic beverages in
southern states
B. laws that segregated southern life and were designed
to maintain a second tier status for Blacks
C. laws passed by Radical Republicans to punish the
South
D. laws guaranteeing the voting rights of former and
newly-freed slaves
• What impact did the Civil War have on the
economy of the South?
A. by raising farm prices, the war gave the region a
needed boost
B. the war destroyed the southern economy and it
did not recover until just before World War One
with the presidency of Woodrow Wilson
C. the war had no effect on the economy because
all the soldiers were at war
D. the war prompted quick and widespread
industrialization of the South
• The following question refers to the statement below.
• A house divided against itself cannot stand. I believe
this government cannot endure permanently half slave
and half free. I do not expect the Union to be
dissolved--I do not expect the house to fall--but I do
expect it will cease to be divided.
The statement was made by—
A. George Washington
B. Thomas Jefferson
C. Abraham Lincoln
D. Jefferson Davis
• Why did Congress pass laws protecting civil
rights during Reconstruction?
A. to reverse the Dred Scott decision
B. to abolish black codes in the South
C. to punish former Confederate soldiers
D. to help former slaves migrate to the North
• How did Congress uphold individual property
rights of southerners during Reconstruction?
A. It returned confiscated land to former
confederates.
B. It allowed the Freedmen’s Bureau to allocate
farmland to former slaves.
C. It permitted land ownership to anyone who
would grow cotton.
D. It enforced General William T. Sherman’s field
order to redistribute coastal land.
• What did the Compromise of 1877 do? (3)
A. dealt with the issue of free and slave states
B. It ended military occupation of the South and
brought Reconstruction to an end
C. It led to the Burr-Hamilton duel
D. It established a tariff that was neither too
high or too low pleasing both sides
• The poll tax, the literacy test, and the actions of the Ku
Klux Klan were all attempts to limit the effectiveness of
A. the 14th and 15th amendments
B. the Supreme Court's decision in Brown v. Board of
Education.
C. civil rights legislation passed in all states after the Civil
War.
D. immigration laws such as the Gentleman's Agreement
and the Chinese Exclusion Act.
• A major reason the Radical Republicans opposed
President Abraham Lincoln's Reconstruction plan was
that his plan
A. demanded payments from the South that would have
damaged the economy
B. postponed the readmission of Southern States into
the Union for many years.
C. granted too many rights to formerly enslaved persons.
D. offered amnesty to nearly all Confederates who
would swear allegiance to the United States.
•
•
“The slaveholding states will no longer have the power of self-government, or
self-protection, and the federal government will become their enemy. . . .”
—South Carolina legislature, Declaration of the Causes of Secession, 1860
•
“The Union is older than any of these states, and, in fact, it created them as
states.”
—Abraham Lincoln, 1861
•
These quotes represent two sides in which important conflict in American
history?
the conflict over how much independence states should have in the federal
system
the conflict over what level of representation small states should have in the
federal legislature
the conflict over an amendment to the Constitution that would allow slavery in
the territories
the conflict over whether or not to forcibly remove Native Americans from their
lands in the West
A.
B.
C.
D.
• Why was the Fourteenth Amendment NOT
successfully implemented in Southern states during
the Reconstruction Era?
A. Southern states refused to acknowledge the
amendment because of its provisions.
B. Most Southern legislatures had been disbanded by
the United States military.
C. A majority of Southern states elected to remain
outside the Union following the war.
D. Southern states were allowed to make their own
decisions about segregation legislation.
• Which of the following contributed MOST to
the forced removal of Native Americans from
the Great Plains from 1867 to 1890?
A. the desire to establish military posts
B. the building of new canals
C. the westward shift of the frontier
D. the desire for more land to grow cotton
• The “Strong” Government,
1869–1877
What is the main idea of this
cartoon from the Reconstruction
Era?
A.
Southern society was
oppressed by Radical
Republican policies.
B. Military force was necessary to
stop Southern secession.
C. United States soldiers forced
women in the South to work in
factories.
D. Sharecropping was an
economic burden for women
after the Civil War.
END UNIT 4
Civil War and Reconstruction