Transcript What was the Columbian Exchange?

What was the oldest European
settlement in the United States?
• St. Augustine, Florida
What was the oldest European
settlement in the United States?
• St. Augustine, Florida
What group of people assisted
Great Britain in the French and
Indian War (Seven Years War)
against France?
• Colonial troops
What was the Reformation?
• A movement to reform the Catholic
Church because of practices such as
buying and selling church positions
Who was the conquistador who
explored Alabama?
• Hernando DeSoto
How was the Virginia House
of Burgesses significant to
our existing government?
• It was a step toward self
government which led to the
democratic government of the
United States
Which English colony was the
first to be successful in
becoming a permanent
settlement?
• Jamestown, Virginia
What was the result of the exchange
of diseases which took place during
the Columbian Exchange?
• It destabilized the Native Americans
because they had no immunity to the
diseases introduced by Europeans; these
diseases wiped out huge numbers of their
population.
What was the Columbian
Exchange?
The Columbian Exchange was the
exchange of plants, animals, foods, and
diseases among North America and other
parts of the world after Columbus completed
his voyage in 1492
Which were the first battles of the
Revolutionary War during which Paul
Revere made his “midnight ride”?
• Lexington and Concord
“No taxation without representation”
was a slogan that was used in the
beginnings of which war in the
history of the United States?
• American Revolutionary War
Which document was a significant
early influence on the Constitution
due to the inclusion of the idea that a
king’s power was not absolute?
• Magna Carta
Who were John Locke, Baron de
Montesquieu, and Jean Jacques
Rousseau?
• They were philosophers whose
beliefs helped shape the
government of the United States
John Locke believed that the
government should only get its
authority from the ____________
• people
Which document in early United
States history was found to be
inadequate because the states were
loosely bonded, resulting in a weak
or limited national government?
• Articles of Confederation
What were the warnings included in
Washington’s Farewell Address?
• He warned about political parties,
permanent alliances with foreign
countries, and the need for
national morality
A series of religious revivals that
swept across the colonies was called
the _______________
• Great Awakening
A government that divides power
between the national (federal)
government and the state
governments is called a
_______________
• Federal System or Federalism
Who is known as the Father of
the Constitution?
• James Madison
Which amendment ended
slavery?
• Thirteenth Amendment
Which amendment provided for
women’s suffrage or right to vote?
• Nineteenth Amendment
Which amendment guarantees the
rights of citizenship?
• Fourteenth Amendment
The following passage states the purpose of the
Constitution. What is it called?
We the people of the United States, in order to
form a more perfect union, establish justice,
insure domestic tranquility, provide for the
common defense, promote the general welfare,
and secure the blessings of liberty to ourselves
and our posterity, do ordain and establish this
Constitution for the United States of America.
• Preamble to the Constitution
The first ten amendments to the
Constitution which protect the rights of
citizens are called the _________
• Bill of Rights
What is the purpose of the Elastic
Clause?
• It can be used to “stretch” or expand
the powers of Congress by allowing
Congress to pass laws that are
necessary and proper to carry out
specific powers.
Which philosopher’s beliefs are reflected in this
passage?
One main idea or principle in the Constitution is
separation of powers. The first three articles divide the
national government into three branches: legislative,
executive, and judicial. The writers of the Constitution
did not want one part of government to become too
powerful.
• Montesquieu
Two sets of laws that were passed to
restrict the rights of African Americans
were _________.
• Black Codes and Jim Crow
Laws
Which amendment allowed all males to
vote regardless of race, color, or
previous condition of servitude?
• Fifteenth Amendment
What do the 13th, 14th, 15th, and 19th
amendments have in common?
• They are about rights for
minorities
We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all
men are created equal, that they are endowed by
their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that
among these are Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of
Happiness.
This is an excerpt from the ____________.
• Declaration of Independence
The Social contract theory provides the rationale behind
the historically important idea that government should
derive its authority form the consent of the
_______________.
• People or Governed
I was an important figure in the
American Revolution who is mostly
known for my “Give me liberty or give
me death” speech.
• Patrick Henry
Who was the leader of the colonial
army?
• George Washington
Which battle in the Revolutionary War
convinced France to join the fight of the
side of the American colonists?
• Battle of Saratoga
After the United States gained its
independence from Great Britain in the
Revolutionary War, they fought them
again in the _____________.
• War of 1812
Great Britain recognized the United
States as a free and independent
nation when they signed the
___________.
• Treaty of Paris of 1783
Where did George Washington train
colonial troops throughout a long, hard
winter during which 2,500 troops died?
• Valley Forge, Pennsylvania
This document concerned the foreign
policy of the United States in the
1800’s, including the plan that Europe
would stay out of the affairs of the
Western Hemisphere, and the U.S.
would stay out of the affairs of Europe.
• Monroe Doctrine
Which land purchase nearly doubled
the size of the United States?
• Louisiana Purchase
When did Alabama become a state?
• 1819
A line is established at 36 degrees, 30’
between free and slave states. Missouri
would be admitted to the Union as a
slave state and Maine would be
admitted as a free state.
This is the_______________.
• Missouri Compromise
An idea that contributed to the MexicanAmerican War was that the United States
must expand from the Atlantic Ocean (East
Coast) to the Pacific Ocean (West Coast)
and possess the entire North American
continent. This was called
________________.
• Manifest Destiny
In 1849 thousands of “Forty-Niners”
came to California seeking
____________.
Gold
The people in this list were all known as
being___________.
Fredrick Douglas
William Lloyd Garrison
Harriet Tubman
Harriet Beecher Stowe
Sojourner Truth
• Abolitionists
A network of homes/individuals that helped
escaped slaves get to the northern part of
the United States or Canada became
known as the ______________.
• Underground Railroad
The effects of Susan B. Anthony and
Elizabeth Cady Stanton were
recognized when American women
were able to ________________.
• Exercise their voting rights
In which battle during the War of 1812
in central Alabama were the Creek
Indians defeated by forces led by
General Andrew Jackson?
• Battle of Horseshoe Bend
Who formed the Women’s Suffrage
Association?
• Elizabeth Cady Stanton and
Susan B. Anthony
Which reform movement helped lead to
the passage of the constitutional
amendment that instituted national
Prohibition?
• Temperance movement
Which battle is considered one of the
turning points of the Civil War? Why?
• Battle of Gettysburg- It was the first
major defeat for Robert E. Lee after
which he did not attempt further
strategic offensives into the North.
What Supreme Court ruling made the
Missouri Compromise unconstitutional or
illegal by denying a slave the right to be free
after his owner took him north of the line for
slave states? It stated that he was not a
citizen and could not bring a case to court
because he was the property of his master.
• Dred Scott Decision
Reconstruction ended when
______________
• President Hayes pulled federal
troops out of the South
What do the Homestead Act and
the Morrill-Land Grant Act have in
common?
• The Homestead Act provided land
(160 acres to settlers, and the
Morrill-Land Grant Act provided
land for colleges
This act stated that California would enter the
Union as a free state and people who lived in the
areas of the Utah and New Mexico Territories
would use popular sovereignty to determine free
or slave status.
• Compromise of 1850
Which location is known as the
“Cradle of the Confederacy”?
• Montgomery, Alabama
What was the location for the
surrender of General Robert E. Lee
to General Ulysses S. Grant at the
end of the Civil War?
• Appomattox Courthouse,
Virginia
Two derogatory terms used to describe people in the aftermath of
the Civil War were ____________ and ______________.
The first term referred to a group of white Republican Southerners
who sympathized wit the federal Reconstruction effort. The
second term referred to white business people from the North who
moved to the South during Reconstruction.
• Scalaways and Carpetbaggers
Several movements sought to reform
society in some way. Which movement
was seeking primarily to support the
rights of farmers in the Mid-West?
• Populist Movement
What do windmills, railroads, and
barbwire have in common?
• Led to more people joining the
westward expansion in the
United States
Both the mechanical reaper and the
cotton gin made it possible for
___________
• Greater productivity for
farmers (fewer people could
get more work done)
What was the name of the final
battle between General Custer and
the Plains Indians?
• Battle of the Little Bighorn
What was the name of the final
battle between General Custer and
the Plains Indians?
• Battle of the Little Bighorn
Which method of transportation
contributed MOST to westward
migration the late 19th century?
• Railroads
What city became the South’s
foremost iron and steel industrial
center?
• Birmingham, Alabama
Ida Tarbell and Upton Sinclair
where known as __________
Muckrakers who were journalists
that investigated and exposed
crime, corruption, waste, and
abuse in the public and private
sectors
In 1859 The Origin of Species by Means of
Natural Selection was published. By the late
nineteenth century, some people translated
the “survival of the fittest” message of this
book into economic and social issues. This
was called ________
• Social Darwinism
In the 1900s, what product became
illegal throughout the United States as
a result of the 18th Amendment to the
United States Constitution?
• Alcoholic Beverages
During President Theodor Roosevelt’s
administration, Congress passed two
important consumer protection acts.
These acts were ____________
• Pure Food and Drug Act and
Meat Inspection Act
The National Association for the
Advancement of Colored People
(NAACP) was formed under the
leadership of ____________
• W.E.B. Du Bois
Which “Robber Baron” or “Captain of
Industry” gave much of his riches to
fund libraries, schools, and
universities?
• Andrew Carnegie
Who was the leader in the African
American community who also became
a great leader at Tuskegee Institute?
• Booker T. Washington
The Rough Riders fought in Cuba
during the __________
• Spanish-American War
During the Spanish-American War
the United States gained control of
___________
• Puerto Rico, Guam, Cuba, and
the Philippines
Who was the Alabamian that aided
wit the eradication of mosquitoes in
Cuba and during the building of the
Panama Canal?
• William Gorgas
Around the time of the SpanishAmerican War, what was the term
for sensational writing with no
regard for the truth?
• Yellow Press or Yellow Journalism
The Unites States’ Open Door
Policy in the Eastern Hemisphere
tried to establish ____________
• Equal trading rights for foreign
nations
One form of imperialism in the
strengthening of a nation’s political and
economic power by acquiring additional
territory. Which of the following conflicts
involved American imperialism?
• Spanish-American War
The completion of this project in 1914
helped the United States to become a
major word sea power.
• Panama Canal
Upon what country did the United
States declare war in World War I?
• Germany
The expansion of black writers, poetry,
dance and art in New York beginning in
the 1920’s was the ____________
• Harlem Renaissance
A Blues composer and musician with
ties to Alabama who is known as the
Father of the Blues is ____________
• W.C. Handy
Who were the two Italian immigrants
who were jailed, convicted and
executed for their political views during
the time of the Red Scare?
• Sacco and Vanzetti
Movies became very popular in the
1920’s. Theaters across the United
States showed the films that were
produced in _______________
• Hollywood, California
Isolationism in America was illustrated
in 1920 when the United States failed
to ratify or join the ____________ even
though President Wilson felt that it
would prevent the threat of future wars
• League of Nations
What was the name for the young
women who rebelled against customary
social standards during the Roaring
Twenties?
• Flappers
What ended the Jazz Age?
• Great Depression
A prominent writer during the
Roaring Twenties whose novels
illustrate the high society life of the
1920’s. The Great Gatsby is his
best-known work.
• F. Scott Fitzgerald
An American gangster who led in the
smuggling and bootlegging of liquor
during the Prohibition years and was
convicted by the federal government for
income tax evasion was _________
• Al Capone
A period between 1929 and 1941
marked by high unemployment and
severe poverty is known as the
______________
• Great Depression
Programs such as Federal Deposit
Insurance Corporation, Tennessee
Valley Authority, and Social Security Act
were a part of President Franklin
Roosevelt’s _____________
• New Deal
Which New Deal program povided both
jobs and electricity?
• Tennessee Valley Authority
President Franklin Roosevelt used this
method to speak directly to the people
to gather support for his New Deal.
• Fireside chats
Which New Deal Program employed
many unmarried men between the ages
of 17 and 23 to plant trees, install
electric lines, and construct buildings
and trails in parks?
• Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)
A drought occurred during the Great
Depression which forced many MidWest farmers to leave or lose their
farms. What was this drought called?
• Dust Bowl
The American President at the
beginning of the Great Depression
years who lost to Franklin Roosevelt
because the people blamed him for the
nation’s economic problems was
_______________
• Herbert Hoover
Which New Deal Program raised the
minimum wage to forty cents an hour
and set standards that prevented child
labor under the age of 16?
• Fair Labor Standards Act
Which event had the GREATEST
influence on the United States decision
to enter World War II?
• Japan bombed Pearl Harbor, Hawaii
Which countries where “The Big Three”
allies of the United States in
World War II?
• Soviet Union, Great Britain and
France
During World War I, the United States
government sold war bonds to
MOSTLY to _____________
• Help finance the cost of the war
What term is used to describe the
invasion of the beaches of Normandy
on June 6, 1944, by the Allied forces
during World War II?
• D-Day