Transcript Garik M PP - Cloudfront.net

U.S.CONSTITUTION
Garik M
PER.1
DEC2009
The Bill of Rights
• A bill of rights is a list of the rights that
are considered important and essential by
a nation. The purpose of these bills is to
protect those rights against infringement
by the government. The term "bill of
rights" originates from Great Britain,
where it referred to a bill that was passed
by Parliament in 1689 . Freedom of speech,
religion, press and liberty.
The Bill of rights
• There are 10 amendments
• Freedom of speech, press, religion and petition
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Right to keep bear arms
Condition for quarters of soldiers
Right of search and seizure regulated
Provisions concerning prosecution
Right to speedy trial, Witnesses, Etc.
Right to trial by jury
Excessive bail, cruel punishment
•
Rule of constriction of constitution
rights of states under constitution
•
15th 19th 26th
Amendments
• The Federal Government of the United States is the
central government entity established by the
United States constitution, which shares
sovereignty over the United States with the
governments of the individual U.S states. The
federal government has three branches: the lenitive
executive, and judicial. Through a system of
separation powers and the system of "checks and
balances," each of these branches has some
authority to act on its own, some authority to
regulate the other two branches, and has some of
its own authority, in turn, regulated by the other
branches.
th
15
Amendment
• One result of the Civil War was the addition of three
new amendments to the U. S. Constitution: the 13th
Amendment abolished slavery, the 14th granted
blacks citizenship and equal protection; and the
15th Amendment attempted to secure the right to
vote for newly freed slaves. In many abolitionists’
eyes, the right to vote was the most important right
of citizenship for black men.
th
19
amendment
• Following the Civil War, women activists
who had helped to secure the rights of the
newly freed slaves were disenchanted by
their exclusion under the 15th Amendment.
As a result they vigorously resumed their
campaign for equality with men politically,
economically, and educationally. Gaining
the right to vote was a top priority.
However, many American politicians
continued to oppose these efforts.
th
26
•
Amendment
Movements to reduce the constitutionally
established voting age from 21 to 18 had
been underway since WWII when President
Franklin D. Roosevelt lowered the draft age
to 18. Despite the recommendation of
several Presidents, the U.S. Congress took
no action.
Legislative branch
• Established by Article I of the
Constitution, the Legislative Branch
consists of the House of
Representatives and the Senate,
which together form the United
States Congress. The Constitution
grants Congress the sole authority
to enact legislation and declare war,
the right to confirm or reject many
Presidential appointments, and
substantial investigative powers
Executive Branch
• The power of the Executive Branch is
vested in the President of the United
States, who also acts as head of state and
Commander-in-Chief of the armed forces.
The President is responsible for
implementing and enforcing the laws
written by Congress and, to that end,
appoints the heads of the federal
agencies, including the Cabinet. The Vice
President is also part of the Executive
Branch, ready to assume the Presidency
should the need arise.
Judicial branch
•
Article III of the Constitution, which establishes
the Judicial Branch, leaves Congress significant
discretion to determine the shape and structure of
the federal judiciary. Even the number of Supreme
Court Justices is left to Congress — at times there
have been as few as six, while the current number
(nine, with one Chief Justice and eight Associate
Justices) has only been in place since 1869. The
Constitution also grants Congress the power to
establish courts inferior to the Supreme Court, and
to that end Congress has established the United
States district courts, which try most federal
cases, and 13 United States courts of appeals,
which review appealed district court cases.
Constitution convention
• The year was 1787. The place: the State
House in Philadelphia, the same location
where the Declaration of Independence
had been signed 11 years earlier. For four
months, 55 delegates from the several
states met to frame a Constitution for a
federal republic that would last into
"remote futurity." This is the story of the
delegates to that convention and the
framing of the federal Constitution
James Madison
•
At his inauguration, James Madison, a small,
wizened man, appeared old and worn; Washington
Irving described him as "but a withered little appleJohn." But whatever his deficiencies in charm,
Madison's buxom wife Dolly compensated for them
with her warmth and gaiety. She was the toast of
Washington.
• Born in 1751, Madison was brought up in Orange
County, Virginia, and attended Princeton (then
called the College of New Jersey). A student of
history and government, well-read in law, he
participated in the framing of the Virginia
Constitution in 1776, served in the Continental
Congress, and was a leader in the Virginia
Assembly.
Separation of Powers
•
Separation of Powers separates the
powers of the government so it will not
end up being a disaster.
• There are 3 governments that the power is
separated by. Executive branch, Judicial
branch and legislative branch.
• This organizes the power of the
constitution.
The Presidential cabinet
• The tradition of the Cabinet dates back to
the beginnings of the Presidency itself.
Established in Article II, Section 2, of the
Constitution, the Cabinet's role is to advise
the President on any subject he may
require relating to the duties of each
member's respective office.
Resources
• Wikipidia.com
• Whitehouse.com
•