Transcript USA in the Middle East PPT #1

SS7H2d
Explain U.S. presence and interest
in Southwest Asia; include the
Persian Gulf conflict and invasions of
Afghanistan and Iraq.
Concepts:
Conflict Creates Change
Conflict Resolution
SS7H2d
ESSENTIAL QUESTION
Why is the United States
interested in what’s going
on in the Middle East?
Concept:
Conflict Creates Change
Vocabulary Words To Know

Operation Iraqi
Freedom
 Persian Gulf
War
 Saddam
Hussein





Autocratic
Democratic
Taliban
Al Qaeda
Insurgents
SADDAM HUSSEIN
• former dictator of Iraq;
removed from power by
U.S. forces during
Operation Iraqi
Freedom; invaded
Kuwait in the early
1990s-resulted in the
Persian Gulf War
AUTOCRATIC
• government in which one
person possesses unlimited
power and the citizen has little
if any role in the government.
(like a dictatorship or even a
monarchy)
PERSIAN GULF WAR
• 1991 war between the
U.S. and Iraq; ended
with Iraqi withdrawal
from Kuwait
What do you already know about the
Persian Gulf War?

Who was
involved?
 What
happened?
 Where did it
take place?

When was this
war?
 Why was the
United States
involved?
The following were events of the
Persian Gulf War.
• Saddam Hussein’s Iraqi
army invades Kuwait for
its oil.
• International armed
forces led by the United
States attack Iraq.
• Iraq surrenders and
leaves Kuwait.
EFFECTS OF
PERSIAN GULF WAR
• Overwhelming Coalition victory
• Liberation of Kuwait
• Heavy Iraqi casualties and destruction of Iraqi
and Kuwaiti infrastructure
• Internal rising against Saddam Hussein
brutally suppressed
• Establishment of US military presence in
Saudi Arabia (would later upset terrorist
Osama bin Laden)
• UN sanctions against Iraq
Where were you on
September 11, 2001?
Who is this man?
More importantly, WHERE is this man?
AL QAEDA
• After the terrorist attacks of
September 11, 2001, al-Qaeda
(pronounced al-KYE-da) surpassed
Hamas and Hezbollah as the
world's most infamous terrorist
organization. Al-Qaeda—"the base"
in Arabic—is the network of Muslim
extremists organized by Osama bin
Laden.
-www.infoplease.com
TALIBAN
• The Taliban ("Students of Islamic Knowledge
Movement") ruled Afghanistan from 1996 until 2001.
They came to power during Afghanistan's long civil
war. Although they managed to hold 90% of the
country's territory, their policies—including their
treatment of women and support of terrorists—
ostracized them from the world community. The
Taliban was ousted from power in December 2001 by
the U.S. military and Afghani opposition forces in
response to the September 11, 2001, terrorist attack
on the U.S.
- www.infoplease.com
INVASION OF AFGHANISTAN
• After 9-11-2001 attack on the World
Trade Centers in New York City U.S. President Bush invades
Afghanistan “to root out Terrorism”
• The stated purpose of the invasion
was to capture Osama bin Laden,
destroy al-Qaeda, and remove the
Taliban regime which had provided
support and safe harbor to al-Qaeda.
All of the following are reasons for the United
States invading the country of Afghanistan in 2001.
• U.S. wanted to punish and remove the
Taliban regime for supporting al-Qaeda
terrorists.
• U.S. begins campaign known as the War
on Terrorism after responding to 9/11
terrorist attacks.
• U.S. attempts to capture terrorist
mastermind Osama bin Laden.
WHAT IS....
OPERATION IRAQI FREEDOM
• invasion of Iraq by the
U.S. forces in 2003; Iraq
was thought to possess
weapons of mass
destruction
DEMOCRATIC
• a government in which the
supreme power is vested in the
people an exercised by them
directly or indirectly through a
system of representation usually
involving periodically held free
elections.
IRAQI INSURGENTS
• The Iraqi insurgency or Resistance is
composed of diverse mix of militias, foreign
fighters using violent measures against the
US-led Coalition in Iraq and the post-2003
Iraqi government.
-www.wikipedia.com
Who is this man?
Who hated him, and why?
Invasion of Iraq causes:
• U.S. military intelligence indicated Saddam
Hussein supported the Al Qaeda terrorist
organization and was producing weapons of
mass destruction.
• The invasion launched the Iraq War
• U.S. President George W. Bush wanted to:
" disarm Iraq of weapons of mass destruction;
end Saddam Hussein's support for terrorism; to
free the Iraqi people”
Refueling a Cobra helicopter
B-2A Bomber
The world’s most ruthless dictator
is no longer in power
• After the capture of
Saddam Hussein - the
people of Iraq had to
change their government.
• The US had an interest in
promoting democracy in
the Middle East.
• Iraq is now a democratic
government today... But
why is there still fighting 5
years later?
•
•
Saddam IN Power
Saddam OUT of Power
Urban Warfare –
looking for insurgents
US Involvement in Iraq Today
• The United States is
trying to keep the peace
in Iraq – which is
currently in a civil war.
• Sunni Muslims (minority
group in Iraq) do not want
the Shia Muslims
(majority group) to control
the government – which
leads to violence.
Sunni Insurgents
US and Iraqi troops working together
Weapons cache confiscated from insurgents
US hopes to train Iraqis to police themselves
Even in foreign lands – kids still love toys
Soldiers hand out school supplies
Night Vision Goggles
SS7H2d
ESSENTIAL QUESTION
AGAIN
Why is the United States
interested in what’s going
on in the Middle East?
Concept:
Conflict Creates Change