Transcript DO NOW
DO NOW The phrase “by military conquest, treaty, and purchase” best describes the 1. steps in the growth of American industry 2. methods used to expand the territory of the United States 3. major parts of President Woodrow Wilson’s Fourteen Points 4. causes of the United States entry into the Korean War DO NOW The phrase “by military conquest, treaty, and purchase” best describes the 1. steps in the growth of American industry 2. methods used to expand the territory of the United States 3. major parts of President Woodrow Wilson’s Fourteen Points 4. causes of the United States entry into the Korean War WHY DID THE UNITED STATES GO TO WAR WITH MEXICO? I. ANNEXATION OF TEXAS Mexican government - warned U.S. that annexation of Texas would mean war Mexican congress refused to recognize Texan independence- saw Texas as a rebellious territory that would be retaken Britain & France recognized the independent Texas 1845 - Texas joined the U.S. as a state 1845 - Mexican government broke diplomatic relations with the U.S. I. TENSIONS WITH MEXICO 1845 - Polk sent Ambassador Slidell (right), to Mexico City offered of $25 million ($633 million today) for the Rio Grande border in Texas and Mexico California & New Mexico Mexico refused Slidell II. CAUSES OF WAR Polk ordered General Taylor & his forces south to the Rio Grande, entering the territory that Mexicans disputed. Mexico laid claim to the Nueces River—about 150 mi north of the Rio Grande—as its border with Texas, the U.S. claimed it was the Rio Grande. Mexico refused to negotiate; it claimed all of Texas. II. CAUSES OF WAR( CON’T) Taylor (left) ignored Mexican demands to withdraw to the Nueces Mexican forces prepared for war (invaded?) 1846 - 2,000-strong Mexican cavalry attacked a 70-man U.S. The Mexican cavalry killed 16 U.S. soldiers (Thorton Affair) III. THE MEXICAN-AMERICAN WAR May 11, 1846 - Polk’s message to Congress : "Mexico has passed the boundary of the United States, has invaded our territory and shed American blood upon American soil.” Congress declared war on Mexico on May 13, 1846 S. Democrats in strong support 67 Whigs voted against the war (slavery issue) III. THE MEXICAN-AMERICAN WAR (CON’T) Fought mostly on Mexican territory Lasted 2 years Fighting took place over thousands of miles, from northern Mexico to Mexico City, and across New Mexico & California U.S. Army's first experience waging an extended conflict in a foreign land Helped to shape the geographical boundaries of the United States. IV. TREATY OF GUADALUPE HIDALGO U.S. defeated Santa Anna’s army at Mexico City Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, signed on February 2, 1848 Reflected Mexico’s weak bargaining position PROVISIONS 1. Mexico gave up its claim to Texas and recognized the Rio Grande as the Southern border of Texas 2. Mexico gave New Mexico and California 3. U.S. paid $15 million to Mexico 4. U.S. agreed to pay claims made by U.S. citizens against Mexico ($3 million) V. WILMOT PROVISO - 1846 Newly acquired land became a battleground over slavery Pa. Democrat Congressman David Wilmot (right) NO SLAVERY PERMITTED IN ANY TERRITORY ACQUIRED BY MEXICO Defeated by Congress Sectional & political differences eventually contributed to the start of the American Civil War 13 years later VI. GADSDEN PURCHASE 1853 – Mexico sold 30,000 square miles of semi-arid land to the U.S. for $10 million Eventually provided a routed for the southern transcontinental railroad 1. What does the eagle represent? 2. To what war does this cartoon refer? 3. Compare the eagle before and after the war. What does the cartoonist mean by “Plucked”?