Transcript American Government

US GOVERNMENT
60 Concepts
Exam Preparation
MIDTERM 60 CONCEPTS
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Number 1:
The five principles (Popular
Sovereignty, Separation of Powers,
Checks and Balances, Limited
Government, and Federalism) were
designed to achieve the balance of
what two ideas?
Order and Liberty
Number 2:
The Great Compromise called for
representation in the House of
Representatives to be based on
___________.
Population
Number 3:
The New Jersey Plan called for which
type of legislature?
Unicameral
Number 4:
The Virginia Plan called for national
_________ and national
_________.
Executive and judiciary
Number 5:
Articles of confederation called for
how many houses in their
legislative body?
One house single body electorate
Number 6:
The 1786 meeting in Annapolis that
had 6 states represented was aimed
at what goal?
Better regulating international trade
Number 7:
Shay’s Rebellion was intended to stop
what court action?
Foreclosing on debt-encumbered farms
Number 8:
What was the main reason for the
failure of the Articles of
Confederation?
Couldn’t collect taxes
Number 9:
What was one of the major
accomplishments of the Articles of
Confederation?
Northwest ordinance of 1787
Number 10:
What was the required vote for an
amendment to the Articles?
Unanimous
Number 11:
Any decisions required ____ out of
____ total votes?
9 out of 13
Number 12:
Evidence that the framers of the
Constitution may have distrusted
the common people is
the method by which the president is
elected
Number 13:
The purpose of the Bill of Rights is
to limit the powers of the government and
protect individual liberties.
Number 14:
Which of the following was a factor
motivating the framers to add the
Bill of Rights to the Constitution?
The framers feared the potential for abuses
of power in a strong national
government.
Number 15:
"If angels were to govern men, neither
external nor internal controls on
government would be necessary."
In this statement from Federalist
Papers No. 51, James Madison is
expressing his concerns about
human nature
Number 16:
After returning from America, Alexis
de Tocqueville observed that
Americans joined together in forming
associations to solve community
problems.
Number 17:
How were the framers influenced by
the works of Niccolo Machiavelli?
Machiavelli cited examples of mixed
government to demonstrate how
balancing powers in government
discourages tyranny.
Number 18:
One of the leading European political
thinkers that influenced the framers
of the Constitution was Charles
Louis Montesquieu, who
__________.
discussed the separation and balancing of
powers in government
Number 19:
John Locke believed life, liberty, and
property were "unalienable rights,"
meaning these rights
are not capable of being surrendered or
taken away.
Number 20:
We hold these truths to be self–evident, that all
men are created equal, that they are endowed
by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights,
that among these are Life, Liberty and the
pursuit of Happiness.
Which of the following statements best describes
the meaning of "self–evident truths"?
They are unquestionable and do not
require proof.
Number 21:
The concept "rule of law" is essential
to American democracy because
it requires the equal enforcement of the
laws on all citizens.
Number 22:
How did William Blackstone's work
with English common law
contribute to the U.S. Constitution?
It led constitutional framers to include
much of English common law as the Bill
of Rights in the U.S. Constitution.
Number 23:
What does it mean to be naturalized?
to become a citizen
Number 24:
Which rights does the Fifth
Amendment guarantee to United
States citizens?
No prosecution of an individual for a crime can take place
without a jury indictment.
A criminal can only be prosecuted for a crime once.
A criminal cannot be forced to testify against him or
herself.
Number 25:
Why was the Third Amendment
considered to be extremely
important during the early years of
the United States government?
The Third Amendment expressly barred the
government from quartering troops in
private homes during times of peace.
Number 26:
The Eighth Amendment to the
Constitution of the United States
guarantees its citizens _________.
Bail and protection from cruel and unusual
punishment
Number 27:
The Fourth Amendment grants citizens
of the United States protection from
__________.
unlawful search and seizure of private
property
Number 28:
The Sixth Amendment to the
Constitution of the United States
guarantees its citizens the right to
__________.
a speedy trial and an impartial jury of your
peers
Number 29:
Which of the following BEST describes
the text of the Ninth Amendment to
the United States Constitution?
The Ninth Amendment states that if a right
is not directly mentioned in the United
States Constitution, it does not mean that
the right does not exist.
Number 30:
The Constitution and the Bill of Rights provide
individuals with many rights to protect their
freedom. However, citizens of the United States
also have responsibilities and legal obligations
to help ensure these rights.
Which of the following legal obligations are
REQUIRED by U.S. citizens?
appear in court for jury duty or to serve as a
witness
become informed about and obey all laws
pay federal and state taxes
Number 31:
Which of the first ten amendments
(the Bill of Rights) to the United
States Constitution guarantees the
right of free speech, freedom of the
press, freedom of association, and
freedom of religion?
the First Amendment
Number 32:
The meaning of the Second
Amendment is controversial in
modern times. What right is it
generally understood to grant?
The Second Amendment gives United
States citizens the right to own a gun.
Number 33:
How many years are in a US
representative term?
2 years
Number 34:
According to Article II of the
Constitution, what are eligibility
qualification of the United States
President?
Must be at least 35 years old.
Must be a natural born citizen
Must have been a resident of the U.S. for at least
14 years.
Number 35:
What are the two categories of cases
that the Supreme Court has
jurisdiction over, according to the
Constitution?
original jurisdiction and appellate
jurisdiction
Number 36:
As of 2012, Who is a representatives
of California in the legislative
branch of the national government?
Barbara Boxer
Diane Feinstein
Maxine Waters
Number 37:
How many years are in a senator
term?
6 years
Number 38:
Which of the following accurately
describes the length of a term for
the President of the United States?
4 years
Number 39:
Both Congress and the states are
needed to propose or ratify an
amendment in the U.S. Constitution.
What fractions are needed in order
to amend the U.S. Constitution?
2/3 of Congress and 3/4 of the states.
Number 40:
How many US representatives is each
state guaranteed?
one
Number 41:
According to the US Constitution each
state is guaranteed how many US
senators?
two
Number 42:
What are the qualification of a US
senator?
must be 30 years of age
must be a citizen of the US for at least 9 years
must live in state in which they are running
Number 43:
United States Supreme Court Justices
are __________.
appointed by the President & confirmed by
the Senate
Number 44:
What are the qualification of a US
representative?
must be 25 years of age
must be a citizen of the US for at least 7 years
must live in executive council district you are a
candidate for
Number 45:
The term of a Supreme Court Justice is
__________.
a lifetime
Number 46:
According to the US Constitution, who
can declare war?
Congress
Number 47:
Due process and equal protection was
given to all citizens when which
amendment was passed?
14th amendment
Number 48:
Following the decision in Miranda v.
Arizona, police officers must inform
an individual of their rights, known
as a Miranda warning,
to ensure an individual understands their
constitutional rights and that they may
invoke them at any time.
Number 49:
In the landmark case of Plessy v.
Ferguson, what controversial
concept did the Supreme Court
uphold?
They supported the constitutionality of
"separate but equal" facilities for black
and white peoples.
Number 50:
Which court case applied the 14th
amendment equal protection law to
the states?
Brown v. Board of Education
Number 51:
What legal concepts is an important
principle that was established in the
Marbury v. Madison decision?
judicial review
Number 52:
The Twelfth Amendment to the
Constitution was important in the
development of political parties
because
it stipulated electors cast one ballot for president
and one for vice president, allowing candidates
from one party to run against the candidates
from the opposing party.
Number 53:
What is the purpose of a presidential
primary election?
to choose the party's candidate
Number 54:
What is a true statement about state
governments and schools?
State governments are responsible for
creating and operating public schools.
Number 55:
What is the highest state court in
California?
California Supreme Court
Number 56:
What is a power reserved for the
States?
executing criminal and civil law
Number 57:
What happens if Congress passes a
law, but the President uses his
power to veto it?
Congress has the power to override a
presidential veto.
Number 58:
What happens if a state law conflicts
with a national law?
The national law is implemented.
Number 59:
What tools does the President use to
shape public opinion?
media
propose legislation
State of Union Address
Number 60:
Of the three systems of government—
federal, confederal, and unitary—
which of the following descriptions
best describes a unitary system of
government?
A state with a highly centralized national
government.