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American Government
McGrawHill
Powers Delegated to the
National Government
Prohibitions on the National
Government
To tax
To regulate interstate and foreign
commerce
To borrow and coin money
To declare war
To raise and support an army
To maintain a navy
To provide for a militia
To govern territories and property
To define and punish piracies and
other felonies on the high seas
To establish post offices and post roads
To grant patents and copyrights
To fix standards of weights and
measures
To make all laws necessary and proper
to carry out the above
Direct taxes must be proportionate to
population of states (changed by
Sixteenth Amendment, 1913)
Bill of Rights may not be abridged
Preference may not be given to one
state over another in matters of
commerce
State boundaries cannot be changed
without consent of states involved
Newly admitted states cannot be
placed on a plane of inequality
Concurrent Powers
Both may tax
Both may borrow money
Both may establish and maintain
courts
Both may make and enforce laws
Both may take property for public
purposes
Both may spend for general welfare
CONSTITUTION
Prohibitions on Both the National
Government and the States
May not tax exports
May not grant titles of nobility
Powers Reserved to the State
Prohibitions on the States
To regulate intrastate commerce
To establish local governments
To protect the health, safety, welfare,
and morals of its citizens
To ratify amendments
To conduct elections
To specify conditions for suffrage
(except for specific prohibitions in
the constitution
To change state constitutions and
governments3
May not enter into treaties
May not coin money, keep troops or
ships of war in time of peace
May not pass laws impairing
obligations of contract
May not tax imports
May not violate Federal Constitution
or obstruct Federal laws
From McKenna: The Drama of Democracy, 3rd Ed.
© The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1998
Federal Systems
American Government
McGrawHill
Name
Argentine Republic
Commonwealth of Australia
Federal Republic of Austria
Brazil
Canada
The Federal Islamic Republic of the Comoros
Germany
Republic of India
Malaysia
United Mexican States
Federal Republic of Nigeria
Islamic Republic of Pakistan
Russian Federation
Swiss Confederation
United Arab Emirates
United States of America
Republic of Venezuela
Population
(thousands)
34,293
18,322
7,987
160,737
28,435
549
81,338
936,546
19,724
93,986
101,232
131,542
149,909
7,085
2,925
263,814
21,005
Area
(sq. mi.)
1,065,189
2,966,200
32,374
3,286,470
3,849,000
838
137,838
1,266,595
127,316
761,604
356,667
307,374
6,592,800
15,941
32,000
3,618,770
352,143
Sources: Adapted from Daniel J. Elazar, Exploring Federalism (Tuscaloosa, AL:University of Alabama
Press, 1987), pp. 43–44; The World Almanac,
1996
(Mahwah, NJ: World
Almanac Books,
1995).
© The
McGraw-Hill
Companies,
Inc., 1998
Delegated, reserved, and concurrent powers
American Government
McGrawHill
Delegated Powers
(Exclusively Federal)
War powers
Treaties
Mail delivery
Coining, printing money
Interstate commerce
Tariffs
From McKenna: The Drama of Democracy, 3rd Ed.
Reserved Powers
(State Powers)
Concurrent Powers
(Shared by Both)
Education
Marriage and divorce
Drinking age
Traffic laws
Local business regulations
Taxing
Road building
Punishing lawbreakers
Social welfare programs
© The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1998
1990 per capita general expenditures, selected states
American Government
McGrawHill
State
Alaska
Hawaii
Wyoming
New York
Rhode Island
Washington
Maryland
South Dakota
Mississippi
Nevada
Tennessee
Florida
Texas
Missouri
Rank
Per Capita General
Expenditures, 1990
1
2
3
4
7
14
21
33
44
45
47
48
49
50
$8,253
4,365
3,528
3,391
2,741
2,340
2,057
1,841
1,708
2,280
2,020
2,017
1,948
1,875
Source: U.S. Bureau of the Census, Statistical Abstract of the United States 1995 (Washington, DC:
U.S.
Government
Printing Office,
1995), Table
489.
©
The
McGraw-Hill
Companies,
Inc.,No.
1998