Transcript US History Chapter 17

U.S. History
Chapter 17
Lecture Notes
A New Era of Reform
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1. Political reform movement aimed at
protecting social welfare, promoting
moral improvement, creating economic
reform, and fostering efficiency within
the government.
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The Progressive Movement
Reformers act on Child Labor,
Alcohol, and economic corruption
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2.
Appointed chief inspector of factories for the state of Illinois,
she was focused on improving the lives of women and children.
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Law passed in Illinois that banned child labor and limited the
working hours of women.
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Prohibition (Temperance Movement)
Led by Carrie Nation, this organization spearheaded the drive
for prohibition of alcohol.
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Illinois Factory Act of 1893
A proposed ban on manufacturing, transporting, and sale of
alcohol.
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Florence Kelly
Women’s Christian Temperance Union
Founder of the American Socialist Party, a radical political
group focused on the uneven balance between Big Business,
the government, and ordinary people.
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Eugene V. Debs
Key members of the Reform
Movement
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7.
Progressive Journalists that focused their stories on
government corruption and the abuses of the
consumer by Big Business.
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8.
Muckraker that attacked the practices of the
Standard Oil Company.
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Muckrakers
Ida M. Tarbell
17. Leading advocate for women’s suffrage (their right
to vote) in the mid-1800’s.
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Susan B. Anthony
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Upton Sinclair
18. Wrote The Jungle, detailing the unsanitary
conditions in the nation’s meatpacking plants, led
to passage of the Pure Food and Drug Act.
Other Members of the Reform
Movement
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9.
Lawyer who defended laws limiting the working hours for
women by citing data provided by social scientists showing the
cost of long hours on the health and welfare of women.
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10. Employed time and motion studies to improve factory
efficiency. These types of studies became part of what was
known as “Scientific Management”.
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Frederick Winslow Taylor
11. Began to be employed in the factories, improved efficiency, but
required people to work like machines.
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Louis Brandeis
Assembly Lines
15. Investigated the plight of children working in the factories,
showed that child labor contributed to low wages for all
workers.
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National Child Labor Committee
Governmental Reform at the State
and Local Levels
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12. New form of local government employed in
Galveston, Texas after a massive hurricane disrupted the
previous government’s ability to provide for its citizens.
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13. New form of local government employed by Dayton,
Ohio after a massive flood disrupted the previous
government’s ability to provide for its citizens.
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Council-Manager Form
14. Reform-minded, Progressive Governor of Wisconsin,
led the way in efforts to regulate Big Business.
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Commission Form
Robert M. La Follette
Oregon and Wisconsin were the two most Progressive
States in the United States during the Progressive Era.
Constitutional Amendments of the
Progressive Era
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16. Constitutional amendment that provided for
the direct election of United States Senators
by the American people.
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30. Constitutional amendment that legalized the
use of a graduated income tax by the
Federal Government.
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17th Amendment
16th Amendment
34. Constitutional Amendment that granted
women the right to vote in national
elections.
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19th Amendment
The Government Takes Action on
Reform
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20. Two Acts of Congress that were aimed at regulating the
Railroads.
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21. Halted the sale of contaminated foods and medicines and
called for “truth in labeling”.
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Clayton Anti-Trust Act
29. Act of Congress that reduced tariff rates and forced the
government to seek an alternative source of revenue.
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Pure Food and Drug Act
27. Act of Congress designed to strengthen the Sherman Antitrust
Act and regulate Big Business.
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Hepburn Act
Elkin Act
The Underwood Act
28. Set up to act as a “watchdog” for Big Business, it was to
investigate violations of regulatory acts and to watch for unfair
business practices.
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Federal Trade Commission
Teddy Roosevelt takes the
Progressive Movement National
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19. President Theodore Roosevelt’s progressive
agenda, featured attempts to break up the
monopolies, defense of labor unions,
regulation of the railroads, protecting the
health of the American public, and the
conservation of natural resources.
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The Square Deal
22. Head of the U.S. Forest Service under
President Roosevelt, led Roosevelt’s
conservation efforts.
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Gifford Pinchot
The fight for Civil Rights begins to
build
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23.Organization founded by African
Americans, led by W.E.B. Du Bois, and
White reformers to fight for total
equality for African Americans in the
United States.
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NAACP
The Progressive Movement
Falters, then Rebounds
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24. Under this President the Progressive Movement
faltered, prompting Theodore Roosevelt to return
and run for a third term as President.
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25. When Theodore Roosevelt failed to win the
Republican Party’s nomination he formed the
Progressive Party, also known by this nickname.
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William Howard Taft
The Bull Moose Party
26. Won the Election of 1912, he was a Progressive
Democrat, revitalized the Progressive Movement.
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Woodrow Wilson
Woodrow Wilson’s biggest
Progressive Achievement
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31.One of Woodrow Wilson’s greatest
achievements, it still functions as the
basis for our nation’s banking system.
It created 12 banking districts with a
Central Bank for each district. The
Federal Reserve banks could issue
paper money in emergencies and make
loans to banks in trouble to protect
deposits.
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The Federal Reserve
The culmination of the Women’s
Rights Movement
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32. President of the National American Woman
Suffrage Association, she took the drive for
women’s suffrage (right to vote) to the
national level.
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Carrie Chapman Catt
33. Disgruntled by NAWSA’s failures, Alice Paul
and Lucy Burns founded this organization.
They picketed the White House, some
members were arrested, and organized
hunger strikes to pressure Washington to
pass a Women’s Suffrage law.
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The National Women’s Party
The End of the Progressive
Movement
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35. Ultimately this event distracted the
American public and caused the end
of the Progressive Movement.
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World War I