Transcript administrative law - Gallagher Law Library

ADMINISTRATIVE LAW
Researching Agency
Rules and Decisions
~~~~~
Bridge the Legal Research Gap
Sarah Hollingsworth
June 19, 2003
Where We’re Going
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Basics of Administrative Law
Federal Agency Rules
Federal Agency Decisions
State Agency Rules and Decisions
Helpful Hints
Summary
Source: http://pp.okstate.edu/ehs/TRAINING/hazsigns/osha.htm
BASICS OF
ADMINISTRATIVE LAW
Agencies Defined
• Creations of the legislature
• Authorized to carry out specific duties:
– Issue rules and regulations
– Adjudicate claims and disputes
– Enforce and administer machinery of
government
Two Types of Agencies
• Executive
– May not act independently of executive
– Head serves at pleasure of executive
• Independent
– May act independently
– Head appointed by executive and serves for
fixed term
- Agricultural
Research
Service
- Farm Service
Agency
- Forest Service
-Rural
Development
Source: www.gmi.edu/~jhuggins/ pics/farm.gif
Department of Agriculture
Source: www.xcskiracer.com/irs.html
Source: www.xcskiracer.com/irs.html
- Fish & Wildlife
Service
- Geological Survey
- National Park
Service
- Bureau of Indian
Affairs
- Bureau of Land
Management
- Bureau of
Reclamation
Department of Interior
Source: www.public-health.uiowa.edu/…/0039.htm
Multiple Levels
FEDERAL
STATE
Banking (FDIC) Liquor Control
Board
Labor (NLRB, Board of
OSHA)
Governors of
the State Bar
Tax (IRS)
Gambling
Commission
Environment
Fish & Wildlife
(EPA)
Commission
LOCAL
Division of
Animal Control
Parks &
Recreation
Department
City Planning
Department
Examiner of
Floating Homes
Governing Laws
• Federal Register Act of 1935, 44 U.S.C. §§
1501 et seq. (2000)
• Administrative Procedure Act of 1946
(APA), 5 U.S.C. §§ 551 et seq. (2000)
– § 553 Rulemaking
– § 554 Adjudications
Charles Evans
Hughes
_____________
Chief Justice,
United States
Supreme Court
1930 – 1941
Source: http://www.supremecourthistory.org/02_history/subs_timeline/images_chiefs/011.html
“Whatever the cause of the failure to give
appropriate public notice of the change in
the sections, with the result that the persons
affected, the prosecuting authorities, and the
courts, were alike ignorant of the alteration,
the fact is that the attack in this respect was
upon a provision which did not exist.”
Source: Panama Refining Co. v. Ryan, 293 U.S. 388, 412-13 (1935)
Source: http://www.supremecourthistory.org/02_history/subs_history/02_c11.html
1946
Administrative
Procedure Act
1936
Federal Register
Act
FEDERAL AGENCY RULES
Publication of Agency Rules
• Federal Register
• Code of Federal Regulations
FR: Purpose
• Centralized publication of key agency documents
• Daily newspaper of the executive branch
• Published daily (federal working days) since March
14, 1936
• Purpose---“To eliminate the problem of secret law“
(Cervase v. Office of the Federal Register, 580 F.2d
1166, 1171 (1978))
FR: Organization
• Overall issues---chronological arrangement
– like Statutes at Large
• Individual issues---”section” arrangement
Regulations
Presidential Documents
Proposed Rules
Corrections
Notices
Reader Aids
FR: Indexing
• Cumulates quarterly
• Annual index in December edition
• Indexed by agency and topic
FR: Online Resources
• LexisNexis---FEDREG (1980 - )
• Westlaw---FR (1980 - )
• Internet---GPO Access (1994 - )
http://www.gpoaccess.gov/fr/index.html
• Codification of . . .
• General and
permanent rules
and regulations . . .
• Currently in force.
CFR: Organization
• 50 titles (200+ volumes)
• Re-published annually (quarterly
installments)
• Title 3---Presidential Documents
CFR: Numbering System
21 C.F.R. § 102.41
Title 21
Food and Drugs
Chapter 1
Food and Drug Admin.,
Dept. of Human
Services
Food for Human
Consumption
Nonstandardized Foods
Subchapter B
Part 102
Section 102.41
Potato Chips Made From
Dried Potatoes
CFR: Indexes
• CFR Index and Finding Aids
• CIS Index to the Code of Federal
Regulations
CFR: Online Resources
• LexisNexis & Westlaw (CFR)
- Within two weeks of publication
• Internet---GPO Access
- http://www.gpoaccess.gov/cfr/index.html
• NARA’s eCFR
- http://www.gpo.gov/ecfr
CFR: Updating
• CHECK FOR RULE CHANGES
Check date of CFR
volume you are using
Revised as of April 1,
2002
Date of latest LSA
February, 2003
Month-end issues of FR
not covered by the LSA
March 31, 2003
April 30, 2003
May 30, 2003
Most recent issue of FR
June 18, 2003
• CHECK FOR JUDICIAL TREATMENT
FEDERAL AGENCY
DECISIONS
Agency Decisions (Print)
• Finding names of official reporters
- Bluebook, pp. 187-188
- Appendix D in Cohen, Berring &
Olson’s, How to Find the Law
• Finding bound series of decisions
• Loose-leaf services (BNA, RIA,
CCH)
Agency Decisions (Online)
• Westlaw
- FADMIN-ALL
• LexisNexis
- FEDAGN
• GPO Access
- http://www.gpoaccess.gov/executive.html
• University of Virginia
- http://www.law.virginia.edu/admindec
Updating Agency Decisions
• United States Administrative Citations
• Topical Shepard's Citators
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Shepard's Labor Law Citations
Shepard's Federal Tax Citator
Shepard’s Intellectual Property Law Citations
Shepard’s Federal Energy Law Citations
• Westlaw (KeyCite) and LexisNexis
(Shepard’s)
STATE AGENCY RULES AND
DECISIONS
Washington: Print Resources
• Rules
– Washington State Register
– Washington Administrative Code
(WAC)
• Decisions
– Ch. 5 in Washington Legal Researcher’s
Deskbook
Washington: Online Resources
• LexisNexis (STREGS)
– WAC and State Register
• Westlaw (WA-ADC)
– WAC
• Municipal Research & Services Center
– http://www.legalwa.org
Other States
• BNA’s Directory of State Administrative
Codes and Registers
• Westlaw
– Administrative Codes – Individual States
• LexisNexis
– STREGS
HELPFUL HINTS
Looseleafs
• Provide one or more:
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One-stop shopping
Full text of relevant statutes and regs
Commentary
Helpful references to other relevant sources
• Legal Looseleafs in Print
• Diving in
Parallels
Statutes at
Large
Federal
Register
»
United States
Code
Washington
State Register
»
Code of
Federal
Regulations
»
Washington
Administrative
Code
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Two Gallagher Shortcuts
• Research Guide on Administrative Law
Research
– http://lib.law.washington.edu/ref/admin.htm
• Washington Legal Researcher’s Deskbook
– Ch. 3: Fundamentals (pp. 64 - 69)
– Ch. 5: Administrative Materials & Decisions)
WHERE WE’VE BEEN
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Overview of Administrative Law & History
Federal Agency Rules
Federal Agency Decisions
State Agency Rules and Decisions
Helpful Hints
GOOD LUCK THIS SUMMER!