Transcript Washington as President and Hamilton and National Finances

Bell Work
 Explain
what a president’s cabinet is.
This Day in History:
December 2, 1804- Napoleon Bonaparte is crowned emperor of France.
December 2, 1823- The Monroe Doctrine is declared which forbade European
interference in the Western Hemisphere and promised U.S. neutrality in
European affairs.
December 2, 1859- Abolitionist John Brown is hanged on charges of treason,
murder, and insurrection for his raid on the arsenal at Harper’s Ferry.
Washington’s Secretary of
Treasury
Alexander Hamilton’s Impact on
the Nation
President Washington

Americans saw George Washington as an
honest man and a hero of the Revolution so he
seemed a good fit for president.

Electors from the 11 states that had passed the
Constitution met in January 1789 to vote.

The electoral college selected Washington
unanimously and picked John Adams to be
vice president.
First Acts of the Government

Executive Branch
The First Congress
created executive
departments.

The president’s cabinet
served as his advisers.

Alexander Hamilton was
chosen secretary of the
treasury, Henry Knox,
secretary of war, Thomas
Jefferson, secretary of
state, Edmund Randolph,
attorney general.

Judicial Branch
Congress passed the
Judiciary Act of 1789 to set
up the federal court system.

The act created three levels of
federal courts and defined
powers.

It set up federal district courts
and circuit courts of appeal.

The president nominated
federal judges.
Secretary of State
Department of State (1789):
Works with other countries.
Secretary of the Treasury
Department of the Treasury (1789):
Supervises the collection of taxes and the printing of money.
Secretary of Defense
Department of Defense (1947):
Oversees the armed forces.
Attorney General
Department of Justice (1870):
Enforces the U.S. Government's laws.
Secretary of the Interior
Department of the Interior (1849):
Protects natural resources and wildlife.
Secretary of Agriculture
Department of Agriculture (1862):
Ensures a healthy food supply and provides support for farmers.
Secretary of Commerce
Department of Commerce (1903):
Promotes business and job opportunities for all Americans, responsible for all copyrights, patents, and trademarks; and oversees matters related to
oceans, weather, and technology.
Secretary of Labor
Department of Labor (1913):
Oversees the interests of U.S. workers.
Secretary of Health & Human Services
Department of Health and Human Services (1953):
Looks after people's health and provides services including conducting medical research, preventing diseases, assuring the safety of food and drugs;
providing financial assistance for low income families.
Secretary of Housing & Development
Department of Housing and Urban Development (1965):
Oversees housing needs, and focuses on improving and developing communities.
Secretary of Transportation
Department of Transportation (1966):
Oversees the nation's transportation system including highways, railroads, ports, and air travel.
Secretary of Energy
Department of Energy (1977):
Researches and develops energy systems that are friendly to the environment, but are not too expensive.
Secretary of Education
Department of Education (1979):
Establishes guidelines and provides leadership to address American education. It helps local communities meet the needs of their students.
Secretary of Veterans Affairs
Department of Veterans Affairs (1988):
Operates programs for veterans and their families.
Secretary of Homeland Security
Department of Homeland Security (2003):
Works to prevent terrorist attacks within the United States, reduce America's vulnerability to terrorism, and minimize the damage from potential
attacks and natural disasters.
National Debt

Treasury secretary Alexander Hamilton’s
biggest challenge was paying off the national
debt.

The United States owed $11.7 million to foreign
countries and $40.4 million to U.S. citizens.

Hamilton planned to pay foreign debt first, and
all debt at full value.

Some politicians, including Thomas Jefferson,
opposed the plan, but Hamilton went ahead with
it.
States’ Debt

States owed $25 million for Revolutionary War
expenses.

Hamilton wanted the federal government to pay
part of the states’ debts to help the national
economy.

The South did not want the federal government
to pay states’ debts.

Hamilton won the South’s support by getting
northern approval to move the national capital
from Philadelphia to Washington, D.C.
Hamilton and Jefferson
Hamilton’s Views
Jefferson’s Views

Believed in a strong central
government.

Wanted to protect the states
power.

Wanted a balance of power
between the “mass of people”
and wealthier citizens.

Believed in the right of “the
people” to rule the country.

Supported agriculture and
farmers.

Wanted lower tariffs to keep
costs low for goods farmers
bought.

Supported France



Wanted to promote
manufacturing and business.
Wanted higher tariffs on
foreign goods to protect
American manufacturers.
Supported England
National Bank

Hamilton wanted a national bank in which the
government could safely deposit its money.

The bank would also make loans to the
government and to businesses.

Hamilton knew that states’ rights supporters
would oppose his idea.

He suggested limiting the bank to a 20-year
charter.
Jeffersonians Oppose the Bank

Jefferson and Madison favored a strict
construction view of the Constitution— the
government should do only what the
Constitution says it can do.

Hamilton favored a loose construction view.

Washington and Congress went along with
Hamilton’s idea and the Bank of the U.S. was
chartered in 1791.
George Washington’s Resume

Use your book and the internet to look up the
qualifications that George Washington had in
order to be the president of the United States.

Resume should include Washington’s
leadership/management roles BEFORE he was
president.

http://millercenter.org/president/washington/essa
ys/biography/1