Transcript File

ARTICLE II
THE EXECTUTIVE
BRANCH
Presidential “HATS”
• Chief Executive
• Legislative Leader
• Chief Diplomat
• Judicial Leader
• Chief of State
• Political Party
Leader
• Commander in Chief
Click on the “hat” to see the definition.
Qualifications to be President
• 4 year term
• Elected by Electoral
college
• Age 35 or older
• Natural-Born US
citizen
• Resident of US for 14
years
George Washington
When George Washington
said the Presidential Oath on
April 30, 1789, no one was
sure what the job of the
president would be.
Washington realized this and
soon set some of the
standards for the office that
there are today.
Interesting Facts
Office: 1789-1797
Born: February 2, 1732, Fredericksburg, Virginia
Died: December 14, 1799 Mount Vernon, Virginia
During George Washington’s term, the
Supreme Court was established,
emphasizing his role as Judicial Leader.
Demonstrating the role of Chief Executive,
George Washington approved Alexander
Hamilton’s objective of beginning a
National Banking System in 1791.
Thomas Jefferson
Jefferson moved from being
the author of the
Declaration of Independence
to one of the most prominent
presidents.
Office: 1801-1809
Born: April 13, 1743, Albemarle County, Virginia
Died: July 4, 1826 in Monticello, Virginia
Interesting Facts
As Chief Diplomat, Thomas Jefferson
arranged the Louisiana Purchase with
Napoleon of France. This doubled the size of
the United States.
Louisiana Purchase signed in 1803.
Proving to be a Legislative Leader, Jefferson
signed into law the bill that banned the
importation of slaves beginning January 1,
1808.
James Madison
Madison is widely known for
being the main author of the
Constitution of the United
States before becoming
president.
Office: 1809-1817
Born: March 16, 1751, Port Conway, Virginia
Died: June 28, 1836, Montpelier, Virginia
Interesting Facts
The War of 1812 prompted James Madison's
role as Commander in Chief. The war was
between Britain and the US with a disagreement
over American rights in the Atlantic
Ocean. The war was also about
expansion into Canada (then British)
and American independence and
honor.
A replication of the flag of the
United States during the War of 1812.
Using his power as Chief Executive,
President Madison replaced Jefferson’s
Embargo Act with the Non-Tolerance Act
which opened US trade with all countries
except Britain and France.
Flag of Britain.
Flag of France.
James Monroe
While James Madison was
president, Monroe served as
both Secretary of State and
Secretary of War during the
War of 1812. In 1816, he was
elected president.
Office: 1817-1825
Born: April 28, 1758, Westmoreland County, Virginia
Died: July 4, 1831, New York City, New York
Interesting Facts
The Missouri Compromise forbade slavery
above 36 degrees, 30 minutes latitude,
a decision made in
1820 by President
Monroe acting out
his role as
Legislative Leader.
Map of Missouri Compromise.
As Political Party Leader, President Monroe
encouraged three of his cabinet officials in
their bids to become president. His
Secretary of State, John Quincy Adams,
became the next US President in 1825.
John Quincy Adams
William Henry
Harrison
Remembered as having the
shortest term of all
presidents, Harrison was
elected on the basis that he
was a hero in the War of
1812. He served as a
General in the American
Army.
Interesting Facts
Office: March 1841- April 1841
Born: February 9, 1773, Charles City County, Virginia
Died: April 4, 1841, White House, Washington, D.C.
In a special session of Congress in 1841,
President Harrison used his power as Chief
Executive to enact such programs as the
independent treasury system, a new national
bank, and a higher protective tariff.
Historical picture of the National Treasury.
John Tyler
Office: 1841-1845
Born: March 29, 1790, Charles City County, Virginia
Died: January 18, 1862, Richmond, Virginia
Interesting Facts
Tyler was Vice President before
taking on the honorary role of
president. The Whig party
initially nominated him to win
the support of the South. No one
ever considered that he would
become president. He took the
role after President Harrison died
in office.
As Chief Diplomat, President Tyler won the
annexation of Texas from Mexico after the
War with Mexico.
He established the
Rio Grande River as the
boundary between the
United States and Mexico.
President Tyler appointed 3 Supreme Court
Justices during his tenure: Peter V. Daniel,
Samuel Nelson, and Levi Woodbury. When
President Tyler did this, he used his power of
Judicial Leader.
Peter V. Daniel
Samuel Nelson
Levi Woodbury
Zachary Taylor
President Taylor was a rough
looking man that didn’t fit the
“criteria” of a president. He was
unsure of what the duties of the
President were supposed to be
and sometimes clashed with
politicians. He favored slavery
and supported the Union.
Office: 1849-1850
Born: November 24, 1784, Orange County, Virginia
Died: July 9, 1850, White House, Washington, D.C.
Interesting Facts
President Taylor signed the Clayton-Bulwer
Treaty with Britain in 1850. This guaranteed
any future canal across Central America
would be available to all nations and
reinforced his role as Chief Diplomat.
The link between North and Central America.
Acting as Legislative Leader, President
Taylor supported the Compromise of 1850
that balanced the number of slave and free
states.
Woodrow Wilson
Currently the last president from
Virginia, Wilson strongly believed
that the job of the president was to
represent the people. During his
second term, he tried to keep
America from having any
involvement in World War I. He
reluctantly had Congress declare war
against Germany.
Interesting Facts
Office: 1913-1921
Born: December 28, 1856, Staunton, Virginia
Died: February 3, 1924, Washington, D.C.
Wilson’s Speech
As Chief of State, President Wilson
delivered his Fourteen Points Speech to
Congress outlining the US war aims in 1918.
These aims included territorial settlements
in postwar Europe and Wilson’s postwar
vision of the world. This helped gain
American support for the war.
A portion of the 14 points speech that Wilson wrote in shorthand.
Wilson placed troops throughout Europe as
well as dictated United States positions
implementing the role of Commander in Chief.
US 7th Machine Gun Battalion, 3rd division at Chateau Thierry bridgehead.