Transcript “America becomes the United States” book

“America becomes the United States”
book
choose 3 pieces of construction paper
fold each one in ½
cut one 2” on each edge of the fold
cut the other 2 along the fold except for 2” at
each end
roll the 1st piece thru the opening of the
other 2 and unroll
your book is ready to make, without staples,
and lays flat!
cover page
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years of war 1775 - 1783
American colonists vs GB and loyalists
3 pictures from the chapter
your name
vocabulary – cut out each definition, match to each word, glue into book, pg. 1
to approve
STAMP ACT
SUGAR ACT
pamphlet by Thomas Paine to encourage the colonists to declare independence
from GB
BOSTON MASSACRE
tax on official documents to help raise money for GB
BOSTON TEA PARTY
battle: “shot heard ‘round the world” that announced the Revolution
COMMON SENSE
turning point in the Revolutionary War
LEXINGTON
colonists who fought on the side of the British
CONCORD
tax on sugar imports to raise money for GB
SARATOGA
last battle of the American Revolution
YORKTOWN
commander of the Continental Army
GEORGE WASHINGTON
scene of conflict between a few British soldiers and patriots
GEORGE III
British general who drove Washington out of New York & into Pennsylvania
WILLIAM HOWE
King of England during the Revolutionary War
MARQUIS de LAFAYETTE
action by colonists to show their anger over the tea tax
RATIFICATION
1st shots of the American Revolution fired here
LOYALISTS
French noble who persuaded the French to help the patriots
map page #2
• using maps on pages 129 & 133, label the
battles of the American Revolution in the
13 colonies.
• include a key to show different colors for
British victories and patriot victories
• cut out and label one patriot soldier and
one British redcoat, glue near the map
** Copy all of the information on these 2 pages onto 2 pages in your book.
** Use 2 different colors of marker for “Common Sense” and the “Declaration of
Independence”
** Use the text book to fill in the blanks
“It’s Just Common Sense”
• Written by ________________________
• Argued that _______________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
• One of America’s 1st _________________
“Declaration of Independence”
 written by ________________________
“We hold these __________ to be self-evident
that _____________________________,
that they are endowed by their Creator with
certain unalienable rights, that among these
are _______, _____________, and the
___________________________________.”
2 ideas about
what government
should be like.
3 signers of the Declaration
2 Grievances
against the King.
1.
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2.
2.
battles pages
• write a summary of the following 5 events,
use your textbook for details
• draw a picture, in color, of each event
1. Lexington & Concord
2. Bunker Hill
3. Saratoga
4. French come to help
5. Yorktown
timeline
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write the “title” across the 2 pages
cut out the lines and glue across the pages
write each event in a box, cut it out, put the date on the back
arrange the boxes on the line using the marks provided as guides
write the year above or below the box
next to each box, label it “loosely united”, “unifying”, “mad”, or “united” based on what
you think the feelings of the colonists were at the time
Finally, in a blank space around your timeline answer this question: “If you were
living in America during this time, which side would you have joined? Why?”
“British are
coming”
Tea Act
stamp Act
War Ends
Articles of Confederation
written and ratified
Articles of Confederation
replaced by the
Constitution
Bill of Rights
Boston Massacre Sugar Act French send troops
added to the
Constitution
Declaration of
Fighting at Lexington
Boston Tea Party
Independence
written
Peace Treaty signed
French-Indian War ends
Constitutional Convention meets
“How did America change from being divided
colonies to the United States of America?”
Constitutional Convention & the
new nation is formed
• follow the power point on the lap top to
complete the notes for these 2 pages.
• make the foldable for the compromises &
take notes (page 1)
• don’t forget to do the “rights” analysis after
taking notes – somewhere in the blank
space of this page in your book
• page 2 starts with the 1st president info
Checks and Balances
Constitutional Convention
• 12 states attended some or all of
the meetings.
• Politicians in Rhode Island were
opposed to a stronger
government; they chose not to
take part in the convention.
• James Madison kept a detailed
account of the convention in his
diary.
The Virginia Plan:
• Gave more power to states
• Bicameral (2 house) legislature
• The number of representatives for
each state would be based on
population.
• Small states objected; came up with
new plan.
Controversial plans
• Congress had to find a balance
between the large and small
states and northern and southern
interests.
New Jersey Plan:
• Gave more power to national
government
• Unicameral (1 house) legislature
• Each state would have an equal
number of representatives.
Compromises at the Convention
Compromises on slavery
• Southern states wanted to count all slaves for
representation purposes but none for taxation.
• Northern states objected.
• Three-Fifths Compromise: all whites plus three-fifths of
the slave population would be counted for both
representation and taxation.
• Native Americans were not counted at all.
• In order to maintain unity between North and South,
delegates agreed to a clause allowing the slave trade to
continue for 20 years.
• Another clause, the fugitive slave clause, stated that a
slave who fled to another state had to be returned to his
or her original state.
Can the Constitution get ratified now
that these compromises have been made?
That depends on who you ask. Many were
happy to have a plan for a strong federal
government that could control the bigger,
wealthy states. Others worried about their
individual freedoms being ignored for the
good of the whole. The addition of a Bill of
Rights was a big step towards finding a
middle ground.
The Anti-Federalists
Patrick
Henry
George
Mason
Thomas
Paine
Anti-Federalists opposed ratification of
the Constitution. They argued that
although the Articles of Confederation
needed to be improved, the proposed
Constitution granted too much power to
the national government. Some of the
more famous Anti-Federalists included
Patrick Henry, George Mason, George
Clinton, and Thomas Paine. Other AntiFederalists preferred to remain
anonymous.
The Federalists
The Federalist, was a series of eighty-five
articles written and published between
September 1787 and August 1788. The
articles presented arguments in favor of the
new Constitution. Although all of the
articles are signed Publius, it was well
known the main authors were Alexander
Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay.
Hamilton wrote the first essay in response
to a series of Anti-Federalist articles
criticizing the Constitution. Most of these
essays were published in The New York
Packet and The Independent Journal.
The Anti-Federalists
George Clinton
“Cato”
Richard Henry Lee
“Federal Farmer”
Robert Yates
“Brutus” and
“Sydney”
Mercy Otis Warren
“Columbian Patriot”
The primary argument of the
Anti-Federalists was that the
new government was too
powerful and threatened the
rights of the states and their
citizens. While most of the
Anti-Federalist essays were
written anonymously,
historians are confident they
have identified several of these
writers.
Divisions
The debate resulting from
ratification of the Constitution
split Americans between those
who favored a strong central
government and those who
wanted power to reside with the
states. Although President
George Washington warned of
political factions in his farewell address, the divisions that had begun
in 1787 led to the formation of the first political parties in the United
States: The Federalist Party and the Democratic-Republican Party.
President Washington also set the tradition to only serve 2 terms to
prevent power being held too long by one leader.
The Result
Both sides in the debate between the
Federalists and the Anti-Federalists
won.
James Madison presents the Bill
of Rights to Congress. While
twelve amendments were
originally proposed, only ten were
sent to the states for ratification.
They all passed.
The Federalists won when the
Constitution was finally ratified and
became the law of the land with the
federal government as the central
authority.
The Ant-Federalists won because the
Bill of Rights would guarantee the
rights of citizens and it would be
added in 1791, a few years after the
Constitution was ratified.
The Legacy
Read through the Bill of Rights in
the text. List the 3 that are most
important to you. Explain your
reasons for choosing each one.
*3 amendments, 3 explanations as
to why is it your personal favorite.
Write this in the space above or
below your foldable.
“The New Nation is Formed”
• 2nd page (need to use the text book)
1st President: _______________________
-warned against __________________
-served ____ terms
Alexander Hamilton ___________________
hint: he is involved in $
John Marshall ________________________
established courts as equal to the _______
and the __________
Marbury v Madison: summarize the case,
explain its importance