Transcript KENNEDY AND THE COLD WAR

KENNEDY AND THE COLD WAR
•Election of 1960
KENNEDY AND THE COLD WAR
•CANDIDATES
•RICHARD NIXON
•REPUBLICAN
KENNEDY AND THE COLD WAR
•DEMOCRAT
•JOHN F. KENNEDY
KENNEDY AND THE COLD WAR
•SIMILARITIES
• VETERANS IN WORLD
WAR II
• Both rising in party
KENNEDY AND THE COLD WAR
•Both were Senators
•Kennedy
Massachusetts
•Nixon California
KENNEDY AND THE COLD WAR
•Nixon however was
Vice-President
KENNEDY AND THE COLD WAR
•Kennedy came from a
wealthy family
•Joseph (father) made
his fortune in stock
market
KENNEDY AND THE COLD WAR
•And bootlegging
whiskey during
prohibition
KENNEDY AND THE COLD WAR
•Joe Kennedy was
oldest son he was the
chosen son to run for
President.
KENNEDY AND THE COLD WAR
•Killed during World
War II
KENNEDY AND THE COLD WAR
•Campaign:
•Kennedy was Catholic
•Became an issue
KENNEDY AND THE COLD WAR
•Concern Kennedy
would be guided by
the Pope
KENNEDY AND THE COLD WAR
•Kennedy calmed fears
•By openly discussing
the issue
KENNEDY AND THE COLD WAR
•Kennedy was 43
years old
•Too inexperienced
KENNEDY AND THE COLD WAR
•Campaign:
•Kennedy was Catholic
•Became an issue
KENNEDY AND THE COLD WAR
•Concern Kennedy
would be guided by
the Pope
KENNEDY AND THE COLD WAR
•Kennedy calmed fears
•By openly discussing
the issue
KENNEDY AND THE COLD WAR
•Kennedy was 43
years old
•Too inexperienced
KENNEDY AND THE COLD WAR
• Televised Debates
st
• 1 time
• Kennedy was well
coached by television
producers
KENNEDY AND THE COLD WAR
•Nixon looked haggard
•Just got out of hospital
was still sick
KENNEDY AND THE COLD WAR
•Kennedy's youthful
appearance served
him well
KENNEDY AND THE COLD WAR
•People watching
debate on television
felt Kennedy won
KENNEDY AND THE COLD WAR
•People listening to
debate on the radio
felt Nixon won
KENNEDY AND THE COLD WAR
•Election results
•Kennedy won by
120,000 votes
•Illinois was key
KENNEDY AND THE COLD WAR
• Kennedy was the first
Catholic President
• Youngest president ever
elected
• 43 years old
FIGHTING THE COLD WAR
•MASSIVE
REALITATION
EISENHOWER’S
POLICY TOWARDS
SOVIETS
FIGHTING THE COLD WAR
•Kennedy thought
small disagreements
or conflicts were not
worth going to war
over
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•Nation had become
dependent on Nuclear
weapons
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Kennedy proposed a new
strategy
More troops to fight
He did expand nuclear
weapons
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Created elite branch of
the service
Green Berets
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Allow United States to
fight limited wars
Flexible Response
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Castro has taken over
Cuba
Communist regime 90
miles from United
States
FIGHTING THE COLD WAR
Cuban émigré’s in the
United States invaded
Cuba
Émigré's were going to
incite a revolution and
overthrow Castro
Castro's forces repelled
attack
Kennedy refused air
support
doomed invasion
All invaders were
captured or killed
Major embarrassment
for Kennedy
Kennedy took full
responsibility for failure
Russia and Khrushchev
thought Kennedy weak and
indecisive
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Berlin divided city
Thousands leaving
East Berlin to West
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Khrushchev and
Russia ordered wall to
be built
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Although there was a
confrontation at
Checkpoint Charlie
between U.S and
Soviet tanks
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Even though Kennedy
responded with
reservist activation
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And Russia backed down
at Checkpoint Charlie
It was perceived by the
Russians Kennedy did
nothing about the wall
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•Khrushchev believed
Kennedy to be
inexperienced
FIGHTING THE COLD WAR
Appeared again to Russia
and Khrushchev
Kennedy was weak and
not willing to respond to
events
CUBAN MISSLE CRISIS
October 14-October 28
1962
CUBAN MISSLE CRISIS
Kennedy,
Khrushchev, Castro
FIGHTING THE COLD WAR
Missiles discovered by U-2
Surveillance planes
FIGHTING THE COLD WAR
• 90 miles from United States
• Missiles now 5 minutes
away from united States
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• Kennedy and ex-com
proposed responses
• 4 options
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• OPTION 1
•Surgical air strikes
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• OPTION 2
•Tactical air strikes
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• OPTION 2
•Followed by
invasion of Cuba
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•OPTION 3
•Blockade of Cuba
FIGHTING THE COLD WAR
• OPTION 4
•Negotiations
X-COMM
• Robert F Kennedy
–Attorney General
X-COMM
Robert McNamara
Secretary of Defense
Dean Rusk
Secretary of State
McGEORGE BUNDY
National Security
Advisor
Adlai Stevenson
Ambassador to the United
States Air Force Curtis
LeMay
Chief of Staff United
Dean Acheson
Advisor to Ex-Com
Republican Advisor to
President Eisenhower
Advisor and
Speech writer
for JFK
Ted Sorenson
FIGHTING THE COLD WAR
Blockade was chosen
as solution
Kennedy addressed
Nation
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Brinkmanship
Ships stopped
“looks like someone
blinked”
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U S received a
telegram from Russia
stating the Russian
would withdraw
weapons
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If United States agreed
not to invade Cuba
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Next day the U S received
another message this
one stronger called for
removing missiles from
Turkey
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Kennedy ignored
second message
agreed to first
FIGHTING THE COLD WAR
Crisis eased but not
before the two Super
Powers were so close
to World War III
FIGHTING THE COLD WAR
• Kennedy did agree secretly
to remove obsolete missiles
from Turkey six months later
VIETNAM
November
22,1963
Kennedy is
assassinated in
Dallas Texas
http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=8598236943704944166
VIETNAM
VIETNAM
Lyndon B Johnson is now
President