Transcript Old Hickory - Coach Brown`s US History Site

Engaging Focus: Federalist Era
vs. Jacksonian Era
View the following
slides and answer
“Part 1: Engaging Focus”
questions in your
student handout.
Washington and
his Cabinet
History Alive
History Alive
Political Discussion in the 1830s
History Alive
Washington’s Inauguration
History Alive
Outside the White House
after Jackson’s Inauguration
Library of Congress
The “Corrupt Bargain”
The Candidates
• Andrew Jackson- West
• John Quincy Adams- North
• Henry Clay- West
• William Crawford- South
Jackson won the popular
vote, but no candidate won
the electoral vote.
1824 Election Map
http://www.presidentelect.org/e1824.html
The vote went to the House
of Representatives who
picked from the top twoJackson and Adams.
Clay used his position as
Speaker of the House to
help elect Adams. After
Adams became President
he then appointed Clay
Secretary of State.
Who will you
vote for?
Adams!
Jackson called the
election a
“Corrupt Bargain.”
Why did he feel this
was a “Corrupt
Bargain”?
John Quincy Adams and Andrew Jackson
faced each other again in the 1828 election.
Jackson won by a
landslide.
1828 Election Map
http://www.presidentelect.org/e1828.
html
Jackson’s victory
was due to the fact
that white males, 21
or older, who did not
own property, could
now vote.
Voting Rights (5:11)
This allowed for the
extension of
democracy to more
people.
Man of the People (4:35)
The Democrat Party as we know it today began
with the election of Jackson.
Two Party System
1790s-2000s
Federalist – 1790s-1815
Democratic Republicans – 1790s
Republican – 1820s
National Republican (Whig)
Republican - 1854
today
Jacksonian Democrat
Democrat – 1830s
today
Spoils - benefits
gained by the
winner, Jackson
viewed this as a way
to involve the
“Common Man” in
governing the
United States.
The Jacksonian Spoils
System consists of giving
political jobs to loyal
supporters, people who
came from the ranks of the
“Common Man.”
What is a positive aspect
of the spoils system?
What is a negative aspect
of the spoils system?
The “Kitchen Cabinet”
functioned as Jackson’s
unofficial advisors. This
group consisted of loyal
press, democratic leaders,
loyal supporters and
friends.
They met informally in the
White House kitchen to
discuss politics and give
Jackson advice.
They were known as a “rough”
group. The “Common Man”
debates.
What is a positive aspect
of the Kitchen Cabinet?
What is a negative aspect
of the Kitchen Cabinet?
Jackson’s Legacy
• How did the election of Andrew
Jackson in 1828 expand democracy in
the United States?
• Complete a voter registration card for a
Jackson supporter.
Voter Registration
Federalist Era
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Name
Address
County
Land Owner (Description of Property)
Gender
Age
Signature_______________________
Voter Registration Card
Jacksonian Era
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Name
Address
County
Party Affiliation
Gender
Age
Signature_________________________
What is the major difference
between voting requirements in
the Federalist Era and the
Jacksonian Era?
The Bank of the U.S.
was part of
Federalist Alexander
Hamilton’s Financial
Plan.
The Bank’s purpose
was to regulate
America’s economy.
National Archives (148-CP-6 )
Jackson thought the Bank was too powerful.
Jackson thought Bank president Nicholas
Biddle and Bank administrators used the
Bank for their own profit, at the expense of
the “Common Man”.
The Bank cut back on
loans which hurt farmers,
the “Common Man,” in the
West.
Because of this Jackson
vowed, “I will kill it!”
He vetoed the Bank’s
charter when it was up for
renewal.
Bank of the United States
Your task:
Create a newspaper headline on
Jackson’s veto of the Bank of the
United States renewal charter.
Points to ponder: the impact of the veto on
the Western farmers, Northern industrialists,
and Southern planters.
Nullification Crisis and the Tariff Laws (5:54)
Congress passed the Tariff
Bill of 1828 which was the
highest import tax ever.
This was a “protective
tariff”, a tax on imports
aimed at protecting
Northern industry. This
increased tariffs on goods
from Europe.
This protective tariff hurt
Southern planters because
they depended on trade
with Europe.
The high tariff meant
Southerners still sold their
cotton to Europe, but paid
more for European imports.
Southerners called the
Tariff of 1828 the “Tariff of
Abominations”. An
abomination is something
hated.
Vice President John C.
Calhoun was from South
Carolina and, like most
Southerners, believed in
the idea of “States’
Rights”.
Library of Congress
“States’ Rights” is the
belief that states have
right to limit the power
of the federal
government.
Nullify means
South Carolina passed
the Nullification Act and
declared the tariff illegal.
cancel.
Directions for Nullification Chart
• Under section, list whether or not the North,
South, or the West was either in favor,
against, or divided in regards to the Tariff of
1828.
• Under arguments for, give the regions
possible reasons for support of the tariff.
• Under arguments against, give the regions
possible objections to the tariff.
Protective Tariff led to Nullification Crisis
Section
North
South
West
Arguments For a
Protective Tariff
Arguments Against a
Protective Tariff
South Carolina threatened
to secede if the tariff was
not lifted.
Secede means withdraw.
What are Jackson’s
options?
Library of Congress
Henry Clay
designed a
compromise that
lowered the tariff
but gave the
president more
power to use
force if a state
threatened to
secede. Predict
any future
implications of
this “force
measure.”
History Alive
Trail of Tears
In a desire to attract
more settlers, Georgia
began moving Native
Americans west and
offering their lands for
sale. Some Americans
objected to this practice.
However, Jackson
believed he did not have
the power as president to
interfere with Georgia’s
rights and stop the
removal.
One Way
Jackson pushed the “Indian Removal Act”
through Congress. This act gave the
president the power to move Native
Americans west of the Mississippi River.
But the Cherokee nation
refused to move and took
their case to the U.S.
Supreme Court. In
Worcester v. Georgia, the
Court ruled in favor of the
Cherokees.
However, President
Jackson refused to
enforce the Court’s
ruling.
What might happen
today if a President
refused to enforce
a Supreme Court
verdict?
Many Native Americans,
mostly Cherokee, were
forced to move west of the
Mississippi River, to
present day Oklahoma.
Besides losing their
homeland, approximately
4,000 Cherokee died along
the way.
This forced removal
became know as the “Trail
of Tears”.
Some groups, such as the
Seminoles of Florida,
resisted.
Led by Chief Osceola,
the Seminole Indians of
Florida resisted
removal by fighting the
U.S. government in
what became known as
the Seminole Wars.
However, the
Seminoles were
eventually removed.
How do you think Andrew
Jackson handled the
domestic issues of his
presidency?
What do you think of this
common man born in the
Carolina backcountry ?
History Alive
Political cartoons use
symbols and words to
convey their message.
Political cartoons may be
entertaining, but their main
purpose is to challenge the
reader to think.
Analyze the following political cartoons:
The cartoonist thinks
Jackson rules like a ____.
What words and symbols are
used to convey the
cartoonist’s point of view?
He is standing on
the Constitution
and Bank charter.
Library of Congress
What is on the paper he is
holding? What is the
cartoonist trying to point
out with this symbol?
The cartoonist has a
positive view of Jackson.
True or false?
History Alive
This cartoon is about Jackson’s use of the
spoils system. What clues might tell us this?
Creating Political Cartoons
Your assignment is to create a political cartoon on
Jackson’s presidency choosing one of the below listed
topics as the subject for your cartoon.
1. Nullification Crisis (states rights)
2. Indian Removal
3. Expansion of Democracy to the Common Man
A political cartoon makes a point or
conveys the cartoonist’s opinion.
Bibliography
History Alive Images courtesy of Teachers’
Curriculum Institute