Transcript ppt 5 section 3this one

November 4th
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Warm-up
Explain the 3/5th compromise.
What is a Federalist?
What is an Anti-Federalist?
Constitutional Convention
Chapter 5
What happened?
• The government
created under the
Articles was too weak
• No Leader, states only
had one vote, states
had more power
• War debt, economy
failing, unrest in colonies
after Rev war
• We must create a new
gov’t!!
• Stronger, hold country
together we will create
the Constitution
Constitutional Convention
(meeting to discuss the creation of Constitution)
• Philly PA
• George Washington
will be President of
Convention
• May 25,1787
• Need to set up some
rules
Playing by the rules
• Main reason keep it
secret
• No notes allowed to be
removed
• Conversations in state
house only
• Each state had one vote
• No whispering passing
notes while other
delegates speaking
• Met 6 days a week 10-4
• 40 delegates met
everyday
Old buildings sitting
next to modern sky
scrapers
James Madison
• Get rid of A of C
• A Strong National
Gov’t
• Proposed 3 branch
of gt idea
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Legislative
Judicial
Executive
Legislative branch
has 2 houses
Senate and House of
Representatives
Virginia Plan
• Bicameral or two
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house legislature
Members of the House
will be elected directly by
people
Senators would be
chosen by the House
Number of seats would
be chosen by states
population=
Proportional
Representation
New Jersey Plan
• A one house
legislature where
each state has equal
number of votes=
• Equal
Representation
• Proposed by William
Patterson of New
Jersey
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www.archives.gov/.../ new_jersey.html
Great Compromise
• Roger Sherman of Connecticut
proposed a plan that took both
ideas together:
• A BICAMERAL or two-house
legislature
• The House of Representatives
would be elected by the people
# of Reps is based on
population.
• The Senate would have two
senators regardless of
population.
• This plan gave large states
more power in the House but
equal power reigned in the
Senate
Slavery or no slavery
• Major issue was whether
each state would have
the power to protect or
abolish slave trade
• The North and South
Compromised with the
national gt.
• The Constitution
declared that the US
would regulate trade
and would not interfere
with slave trade until
1808
The three-fifths compromise
• Since House seats were
based on population the
south wanted to count
their slaves as part of the
population…
• The northern states
objected to this idea
because it would give the
south more reps in the
House
• Decided to count each
slave as 3/5 of a person
to decide how many
representatives a state
could send to the
House.
Executive and Judicial branches
• Powers will be given
to the President
• A Supreme Court
will be created
– Authority to interpret
laws and settle
conflicts between
states
Who gets to vote?
• White men with
property will…
– Elect members of
House
• State legislature will
select senators
• Group of electors will
be used for electoral
college
The party’s over
• September 17, 1787
39 delegates signed
the Constitution
Homework
• 1. Why did many delegates fear the power
of a national government?
• 2.Compare the New Jersey Plan and
Virginia Plan.
• 3. Who was eligible to vote at the time of
the convention?
Chapter 5
Section 3
• Warm-Up
• 12.11.06
• Write the six goals of our government in
your notebook
• (Preamble)
The Supreme Law of the Land
• The Constitution
• There are 6 GOALS stated in
our Constitution.
• They are presented in the
Preamble.
The goals of our Government
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We the people of the United States in order
“to form a more perfect union”
“establish justice”
“insure domestic tranquility”
“provide for the common defense”
“promote general welfare”
“and secure the blessings of liberty to ourselves
and our posterity”
• Do ordain and establish this Constitution for the
United States of America.
To form a more perfect union
• Unite the 13 separate states under an
effective national government
Establish justice
• A legal system to settle disputes
between individuals and government,
states, national and state governments
Insure domestic tranquility
• Government establishes a peaceful
society people are protected
Provide for the common defense
• Protect our citizens from attacks by other
countries
Promote the general welfare
• The government tries to create conditions
that will benefit all Americans
And secure the blessings of
liberty to ourselves and our
posterity
• Government will give people the freedom
to choose their work, to live, believe in
what we want.. To all of us our posterity
our future descendants
The Articles: the plan for our
government
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Article 1 The Legislative Branch
Article 2 The Executive Branch
Article 3 The Judicial Branch
Article 4 The States
Article 5 Amending the Constitution
• Article 6 The Supremacy of the Constitution
• Article 7 Ratification
Article 1 The Legislative Branch
• Organizes Congress
• The branch that makes
the laws
• Congress has delegated
powers:
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coin money
Declare war
Regulate trade
Make laws that are
necessary and proper = to
create new laws as the
times change
http://www.john-daly.com/TwistedPhotos/albums/album19030305051515085707/congress.jpg
Article 2 The Executive Branch
• The power is given to
the President
• Job is to execute or
carry out the laws
• Make treaties with
the consent of the
Congress
• Nominate judges
with the consent of
the Congress
An undated portrait of James Buchanan,
15th president of the United States from 1857 to 1861,
and the only president who was a bachelor. (AP Photo)
Article 3 The Judicial Branch
The Supreme court has
the final say in all
cases involving the
constitution.
Interpret the laws!!!!
Justice Thurgood Marshall
stands outside the Supreme
Court Building in
Washington, September 1,
1967, after he was sworn in
as the first black associate
justice to serve on the high
court. (AP Photo)
Article 4 The States
• Each state must respect or honor the laws
of each other states.
Article 5
Amending the Constitution
• Making changes to the constitution
18th Amendment Prohibition
21st Amendment repeal of
18th amendment (Prohibition)
Article 6
The Supremacy of the Constitution
• The states and the national government
must recognize that the Constitution laws
are supreme
• Federal laws take priority
Article 7 Ratification
• Procedure for ratification or approval of
constitution
Elastic Clause
• Allows the
constitution to “Make
all laws which are
necessary and
proper”
• Make the Constitution
work for us.
3 limitations of government
• Federalism
• Separation of powers
• Checks and balances
Federalism
• The division of power between the states and
the federal government
• Some powers belong to the state some to the
federal gt
• Some powers are shared both federal and state
called:
–concurrent powers
• Powers given neither to Congress nor denied to
the states are called
–Reserved powers
Separation of Powers
• Colonies wanted to prevent tyranny so
they made sure no one person had all the
power
• Three branches divides the power
• Legislative: makes laws
• Executive: enforces laws
• Judicial: interprets laws
Checks and Balances
• Gives each branch of gt ways to limit the
powers of the other 2
Homework
• Finish box #1 on worksheet
• Entire worksheet will be due on Friday.