Transcript 6-5 notes

The American Nation
Chapter 6 – Section 5
Winning the War in the South
The American Revolution
1775–1783
Copyright © 2003 by Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved.
Winning the War in the South
Chapter 6, Section 5
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Objectives to learn:
Why did Britain decide to start
fighting in the South?
How did the Americans and French
defeat the British at the Battle of
Yorktown?
What were the terms of the Treaty of
Paris?
What factors helped the Americans
win the war?
American Revolution Battle Presentations
• King’s Mountain/ Cowpens
• Yorktown
I. Britain Takes the War to the South
Chapter 6, Section 5
Savannah, Georgia
Charleston and
Camden, South
Carolina
The British under General Charles Cornwallis seized these
cities in 1778.
Kings Mountain, South
Carolina
Patriots lead by Isaac Shelby and John Sevier took the mountain from a Loyalist
force led by Maj. Patrick Ferguson. Showed that Britain could lose in the South. (Oct.
7, 1980)
The Carolinas
Amer. General Nathaniel Greene struck the British when he had a
geographical advantage and wore them down. (1780)
Cowpens, South
Carolina (Jan. 1781)
Patriot General Daniel Morgan fooled the British under Col. Tarleton
into thinking his army was retreating, then turned and fired on the British.
Guilford Court House
(March 1781)
A bloody battle. The Americans retreated, but the British suffered
great losses.
Guerrilla, or hit and run,
warfare
Francis Marion, the Swamp Fox, led a small band of soldiers
that harassed the British in the South.
The War in the South
Chapter 6, Section 5
History Channel –
American Revolution –
War in South – DVD 3
– England’s Last
Chance
Onlevel - Benedict Arnold
• Read “Benedict Arnold Betrays the
Cause”
• Summarize important information
• Class Discussion
Honors - Benedict Arnold, Traitor or Hero???
• To Americans he is considered one of the worst
traitors
• Never tried/convicted
• Planned treason never occurred because John
Andre was captured, tried and executed
• Arnold left country and was paid a small amount
by British for his efforts and lived remainder of
his life in Great Britain
• Traitor or Hero??? – Did Arnold try to help the
nation’s cause or was he merely a selfish and
arrogant man willing to abuse his position and
trust of his friends/colleagues to serve his own
purpose???
Honors – Benedict Arnold
• Read:
• “Benedict Arnold Betrays the Cause”
• “Different Perspectives”
• “Benedict Arnold”
• Answer the related questions
• Complete “Weighing the Facts”
• Class Discussion
Benedict Arnold, An American Traitor
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September 1780 – Arnold secretly agreed to turn over
West Point, a key fort in New York, to the British for
$10,000.
Arnold was caught when British Major John Andre’ was
caught and Arnold’s papers were discovered.
Arnold escaped to the British army
Andre’ was tried, convicted of spying, and hanged.
Why did Arnold do it? He was angry because he felt he
did not receive enough credit for his victories and he
needed money.
Arnold’s acts outraged the Patriots who offered large
rewards for his capture (Thomas Jefferson’s reward
and George Washington wanted him hung)
Arnold won some British victories in Connecticut and
Virginia such as capturing and burning Richmond.
John Andre and Benedict Arnold
History Channel – American Revolution
– The Great Chain – Show and answer
questions
The Battle of Yorktown (October 19, 1781)
Chapter 6, Section 5
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Cornwallis planned to conquer Virginia in the spring of 1781.
American troops under Marquis de Lafayette kept Cornwallis
from succeeding.
Cornwallis was ordered to send part of his army to New York.
Instead, he retreated to Yorktown peninsula.
A combined American and French army under Washington
and Comte de Rochambeau trapped Cornwallis on the
Yorktown peninsula.
A French fleet under Admiral de Grasse kept Cornwallis from
escaping by sea.
The American and French armies laid siege to Cornwallis’s
army (surrounded and blockaded the enemy position).
The British lost the Battle of Yorktown. They surrendered on
October 19, 1781.
History Channel – American Revolution – War in South – Show
and answer questions
Honors – Victory in American Revolution
• Other factors contributing to American
victory…
• Read “Letters Across the Atlantic”
• Identify other factors that contributed to
American victory
Honors - Letters Across the Atlantic
• Franklin’s skill in negotiating with the
French and hiring officers
• French aid in various forms
• Skill of French officers
• French navy blockading British
reinforcements
• Involvement and aid from other European
nations (Spain and Poland)
Onlevel – Treaty of Paris
• Read “A Peace Treaty Is Made With
England in 1783”
• Summarize important points
• Read “Victory, Peace, and Aftermath”
• Answer questions
• Class Discussion
Honors – Treaty of Paris
• Read “A Peace Treaty is Made with
England in 1783”
• Read “Treaty of Paris” and complete the
DBQ questions
• Class Discussion
The Treaty of Paris
Chapter 6, Section 5
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Congress ratified, or approved, the Treaty of Paris on
April 15, 1783.
The British recognized the United States as an
independent nation.
The boundaries of the United States extended from
the Atlantic Ocean to the Mississippi River and from
the Great Lakes to Florida.
Florida was returned to Spain.
Americans agreed to ask states to pay Loyalists for
property they had lost.
V. Why Americans Won the War
Chapter 6, Section 5
Geography
Foreign Help
Patriotism
Leaders
Americans were fighting at home on familiar ground.
The British were far from home in unknown territory.
Spanish and French forces fought with the
Americans. France, the Netherlands, and Spain
loaned money. German and Polish officers provided
training.
Patriots gained skill as soldiers. They didn’t give up.
George Washington’s leadership and military skills
were so good that he was respected by Americans
and British alike
Section 5 Assessment
Chapter 6, Section 5
Cornwallis’s army marched throughout the South. How was he finally
stopped?
a) Loyalists turned against him.
b) He sent part of his army to New York, so he didn’t have enough troops.
c) Benedict Arnold betrayed his position.
d) French and American armies trapped him on a peninsula in the
Chesapeake Bay.
One provision of the Treaty of Paris was that
a) the United States kept Florida.
b) Great Britain recognized the United States as an independent nation
c) the states would pay money to France and Spain for their help.
d) the United States would pay Great Britain for government property.
Want to connect to the American Nation link for this section? Click here.
Section 5 Assessment
Chapter 6, Section 5
Cornwallis’s army marched throughout the South. How was he finally
stopped?
a) Loyalists turned against him.
b) He sent part of his army to New York, so he didn’t have enough troops.
c) Benedict Arnold betrayed his position.
d) French and American armies trapped him on a peninsula in the
Chesapeake Bay.
One provision of the Treaty of Paris was that
a) the United States kept Florida.
b) Great Britain recognized the United States as an independent nation
c) the states would pay money to France and Spain for their help.
d) the United States would pay Great Britain for government property.
Want to connect to the American Nation link for this section? Click here.
Homework
• Read and complete Chapter 6 – Section 5
Study Guide
• This will be collected