Transcript Different Government Ideologies (beliefs)

Different Government
Ideologies (beliefs)
Vocab!
Ideology—The body
of beliefs that guides
a country
Sovereignty—
Independent power
to rule your own
country
Limited Government
Characterized by the
“consent of the governed”
People make decisions
through voting
Minority rights are
protected
Checks, or limits, on
abusive government
power are in place
Individual rights
Direct Democracy
Every citizen votes
on every issue
Used to be used in
city states
Impractical for large
countries because it
is difficult to get
everybody to vote for
every law.
How could you fix
this problem?
Representative Democracy
(Republic)
People in a
country elect
representatives
from their area to
vote on every
single issue
What we have in
the U.S., and
what most
countries have
Unlimited Government
There are no checks
on government power
Government is ruled
by the few, or the one
Limited individual
rights
Restricted or nonexistent voting
Monarchy
A government controlled by a
king or queen
Hereditary inheritance
(familiar)
– Example: Saudi Arabia
Limited Monarchy—A king or
queen without any real
political power
– Example: Great Britain
Dictatorship
A totalitarian form of
government (government
has full control of
society)
One person rules the
country by force
Opposition groups are
not allowed
Authoritarian/totalitarian
government—extreme
dictatorship
Examples: North Korea,
former USSR, Germany
under Hitler, China
Theocracy
A government that is
based upon religious
beliefs
Religious laws become
the basis for the
government
Example: Iran, Saudi
Arabia, governed by
Islamic laws
Unitary Government
One strong central
government
governs the whole
country
They decide what
local governments
can do
Example: China,
Russia
Confederacy
Opposite of unitary
government
State governments
have all the power,
decide what
national
governments can
or cannot do
Federalism
Combination of
unitary and
confederate
National
government has
some powers,
states have some
powers
Example: United
States
Review!
I will pass out the white boards, and give
examples of different types of
governments. You will guess which form
of government I am showing.
In Iran, laws are based on the Koran.
Religions besides Islam are not tolerated.
In Great Britain, state and national
government share power. The national
government has the power to declare war,
the state government has the power to
regulate education.
In China, the central government controls
all policy, and local governments have
very little power. For example, the
national government implemented the One
Child Policy without any input from local
governments.
In the United States, people vote for
representatives to advocate their position
in Congress. These representatives work
together to pass new legislation.
In ancient Athens, all citizens voted on all
proposed legislation. If the majority of
citizens voted for a proposal, then it
became a law.
In Saudi Arabia, King Abdullah has the
final say on all government manners.
When he dies, his son will inherit the
throne.
In Zimbabwe, Robert Mugabe has been in
control for over 30 years. Elections are
rigged, and real opposition parties are not
allowed.
In North Korea, the government controls
every aspect of its peoples’ lives. People
are not allowed to have cell phones or the
internet, and absolutely no criticism of the
government is allowed.
Warm up:
– What is the difference between an absolute
and a limited monarchy?
– How would the United States be different if we
had a confederate form of government?
– Also, get your homework out and put it on
your desk.
The Cold War
Dropping the Bomb
U.S. ended World
War II by dropping
atomic bomb on
Japan
Russia (Soviet
Union) then
wanted atomic
bombs too
The Cold War
For about 40 years, the U.S. and Russia
were enemies, and both sides built as
many nuclear weapons as possible
Tried to control and influence countries
around the world
Never directly had a war
Competing Ideologies
U.S.—Limited,
representative
capitalist government
USSR—Totalitarian,
dictatorial, communist
government
Seen as a competition
of ideologies
Capitalist vs. Communist
Capitalist—Small government,
“free market”
Lots of liberty, end up with rich
and poor classes
Communist/Socialist—Big
government, “command
economy”
Government attempts to
regulate the economy, keep
people from getting too rich or
too poor
NATO
North Atlantic Treaty Organization, 1949
Members-Western Europe, U.S., and Canada
Members
agreed to
defend each
other if
attacked
Warsaw Pact
Alliance of communist countries
Like NATO, agreed to defend each other if
attacked
Korean and
Vietnamese
Wars
Korean and
Vietnam Wars—
Both indirect
clashes between
U.S. and USSR
In both, USSR
helped communist
north, U.S. helped
capitalist South
End of the Cold War
1992—Soviet
Union
collapses
Soviet Union
could not keep
up military
spending
Cold War
officially over
Former Soviet Countries
When Soviet Union
collapses, many
countries gain their
independence
– Eastern Europe,
Central Asia
Now, they are emerging
economies
Not as advanced as
Western Europe, but
have rising GDP per
capita
Review Questions!
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
What caused the start of the Cold War?
What two countries led the Cold War?
In what way was the Cold War a battle of ideologies?
How was Eastern Europe involved in the Cold War?
How were the Korean and Vietnamese Wars involved
in the Cold War?
How did the Cold War end?
Quick Write
Prompt: Did the United States do the right thing by
fighting the spread of communism during the Cold
War?
Explain your answer using the following vocabulary:
ideology, representative democracy, totalitarian,
capitalism, communism, Soviet Union, Vietnam or Korea.
You have 15 minutes to write your response.
Review Skits!
I will put you into groups, and give each
group a form of government.
Each group must come up with 5 laws or a
minute long skit showing how the United
States would be different under that type
of government.
You have 15 minutes to create your
skit/laws, then you will present to the class
and they will try to guess what type of
government you have.