Transcript The End of WW2

That Damned Fence (circulated at Arizona internment
camp)
They’ve sunk the posts deep into the ground
They’ve strung out wires all the way around.
With machine gun nests just over there,
And sentries and soldiers everywhere.
We’re trapped like rats in a wired cage,
To fret and fume with impotent rage;
Yonder whispers the lure of the night,
But that DAMNED FENCE assails our sight.
We seek the softness of the midnight air,
But that DAMNED FENCE in the floodlight glare
Awakens unrest in our nocturnal quest,
And mockingly laughs with vicious jest.
With nowhere to go and nothing to do,
We feel terrible, lonesome, and blue:
That DAMNED FENCE is driving us crazy,
Destroying our youth and making us lazy.
Video Clip
Imprisoned here for a long, long time,
We know we’re punished – though we’ve committed
no crime,
Our thoughts are gloomy and enthusiasm damp,
To be locked up in a concentration camp.
Loyalty we know, and patriotism we feel,
To sacrifice our upmost was our ideal,
To fight for our country, and die, perhaps;
But we’re here because we happen to be Japs.
We all love life, and our country best,
Our misfortune to be here in the west,
To keep us penned behind that DAMNED FENCE,
Is someone’s notion of NATIONAL DEFENSE!
Discuss the document :
• What was life like in the camps?
• Why were these camps created?
• Was this an appropriate action for
the U.S. government to take?
Opportunities and Obstacles for Minorities at Home
**Japanese Internment**
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Japanese
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Executive Order 9066
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Internment Camps
immigrants and citizens
West Coast residents
upheld as constitutional
paid reparations
The End of WW2
3/1
WW2 Conferences
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Casablanca (Jan. 1943):
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Tehran (winter 1943):
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Churchill, Roosevelt, Stalin
Agreed to open Western and Eastern front against Germany
Yalta (Feb. 1945):
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Churchill and Roosevelt
Increase pressure on Japan; demand unconditional surrender
Churchill, Roosevelt, Stalin
occupation zones
free and fair elections
Soviet entry on Pacific front
Potsdam (July 1945):
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How and by whom should war
time decisions be made?
What should be the primary
concerns when making wartime
decisions?
Churchill, Truman, Stalin
Russia agreed to enter against Japan; must accept unconditional
surrender or face prompt and utter destruction

It’s 1939, and President Roosevelt has received a letter
from Albert Einstein alerting the U.S. that Germany might
be building an atomic bomb (although some scientists say
such a feat is impossible) and detailing the significant
destruction such a weapon could cause.
Would you advise the president to begin a U.S.
program dedicated to the development of an
atomic bomb?
Unit 5 Debate
Question: The United States’ decision to drop atomic bombs on
Japan was a “necessary evil”?
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
v.
vi.
Initial Vote
Opening statements (follow-up vote)
Direct questions
Audience questions
Closing statements
Final Vote and debrief
1 – to vote yes
2 – to vote no
Little Boy and Fat Man
Hiroshima
Nagasaki
• Approximately
180,000 died in each
city (immediately or in
the following months)
• Approximately 90% of
each city suffered some
degree of structural
damage
U.S. Occupation of Japan (1945-1952)
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
under the guidance of General Douglas MacArthur, the U.S.
set out to demilitarize and democratize Japan
Lots of financial aid
Political Changes: wrote a new constitution
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Institution of democracy – the emperor remains a ceremonial
figure, but all power rests with the people
Extended equal rights to women and protected additional civil
liberties (e.g. free speech)
Eliminated the military (later allowed to have a self-defense force);
Japan may never go to war again (“peace clause”)
Economic Changes:

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Redistributed land to small farmers
Encouraged union organization
Enforcement of the Volstead Act met the strongest
resistance from
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
women
immigrants and big-city residents
westerners and southerners
businesspeople and labor leaders
evangelical Protestants
All of the following are true of Marcus Garvey, founder
of the United Negro Improvement Association,
EXCEPT he
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
promoted the resettlement of American blacks in Africa
advocated the idea of developing an elite “talented tenth”
to lead African-American progress
inspired strong feelings of self-confidence and self-reliance
among blacks
was convicted of mail fraud and deported by the U.S.
government
sponsored black-owned business enterprises
During the 1920s, the Supreme Court
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
often ruled against progressive legislation
rigorously upheld the antitrust laws
generally promoted government regulation of the economy
staunchly defended the rights of organized labor
upheld laws providing special protection for women
America’s major foreign-policy problem in the 1920s
was addressed by the Dawes Plan, which
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
ended the big-stick policy of armed intervention in Central
America and the Caribbean
established a ratio of allowable naval strength between the
United States, Britain, and Japan
condemned the Japanese aggression against Manchuria
aimed to prevent Germany re-armament
provided a solution to the tangle of war-debt and warreparations payments
The Reconstruction Finance Corporation was
established to
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
provide money for construction of dams on the Tennessee
River
lend money for federal public works projects
provide direct economic assistance to labor
make loans to businesses, banks, and state and local
governments
outlaw yellow dog (antiunion) contracts
The phrase “Hundred Days” refers to
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
the worst weeks of the Great Depression
the time it took for Congress to begin acting on President
Roosevelt’s plans for combating the Great Depression
the first weeks of Franklin Roosevelt’s presidency
the “lame-duck” period between Franklin Roosevelt’s
election and his inauguration
the last ditch effort of Hoover to drive through
conservative legislation before leaving office
Senator Huey P. Long of Louisiana gained national
popularity by
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
advocating social justice for all
blaming Jews for the Depression
supporting a $200/month old-age pension
running on the Democratic ticket with Franklin Roosevelt
promising to give every family $5000
As a result of the 1937 “Roosevelt recession,”
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Roosevelt backed away from further economic
experiments
Roosevelt adopted Keynesian (planned deficit spending)
economics
Social Security taxes were reduced
Republicans gained control of the Senate in 1938
much New Deal legislation was ruled unconstitutional
Japan believed that it was forced into war with the United
States because Franklin Roosevelt insisted that Japan
a. withdraw from the Dutch East Indians
b. leave China
c. renew its trade with America
d. break its treaty of nonaggression with Germany
e. remove the Emperor from power
In the Munich Conference
a. Hitler agrees to form an alliance with Italy and Japan
b. the Big Three agreed to demand unconditional
surrender from the Germans and the Japanese
c. The United States promised Germany that it would
remain neutral in the war
d. the Nazis worked out the details of the Final
Solution
e. Britain and France gave in to Hitler’s territorial
demands
The provision of the Atlantic Charter signed by Roosevelt and
Churchill in 1941 included
a. self-determination for oppressed peoples and a new
international peacekeeping organization
b. a permanent alliance between Britain, the United
States, and the Soviet Union
c. a pledge to rid the world of dictators and to establish
democratic governments in Germany and Italy
d. an agreement to oppose Soviet communism, but only
after Hitler was defeated
e. plans for dividing territories won during World War II
During World War II
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
labor unions declared a self-imposed moratorium on
strikes
farm production declined
for security reasons, the bracero program with Mexico was
temporarily halted
production of consumer goods doubled
labor unions substantially increased their membership
Most of the money raised to finance World War II
came through
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
tariff collections
borrowing
raising income taxes
voluntary contributions
corporate profits
The tide of Japanese conquest in the Pacific was turned
following the Battle of
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Leyte Gulf
the Java Sea
the Coral Sea
Iwo Jima
Midway
…To End
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Should the United States’ use of atomic bombs be
considered crimes against humanity?