Business Law
Download
Report
Transcript Business Law
Ch. 2: Constitutional Rights
Declaration of Independence
July 4, 1776
Met in Philadelphia
Drafted by Thomas Jefferson, Virginia
Articles of Confederation
13 colonies united in 1781
Government was to be conducted by a one-
house legislature
Strict term limits
U.S. Constitution
Drafted in the summer of 1787
Constitution
Article I
Section 1: All Legislative Powers shall be
vested in Congress of the United States,
which shall consist of a Senate and a House
of Representative
Constitution
Article I
Section 2: House of Representatives
○ Chosen every two years
○ Minimum age of 25 years old
○ Citizen of US for seven years
○ Number of representatives shall not exceed
one for every 30,000 but each state shall have
one representative
○ Has sole Power of Impeachment
Constitution
Article I
Section 3: Senate shall be composed of two
Senators from each state
Term is for six years
Minimum age of 30 years old
Citizen for nine years
Vice President of United States is the President
of the Senate
○ Has no vote unless there is a tie
Sole Power to try all Impeachments
○ Convicted without 2/3 conviction
Constitution
Article I
Section 6: Shall receive a compensation for
their services
Shall in all cases, except Treason, Felony,
and Breach of Peace, be privileged from
arrest during their attendance at the session,
and in going to and returning from.
Constitution
Article I
Section 7: Bills become laws
○ All bills shall pass both the House and the
Senate
○ Be presented to the President
Sign it
Return it with Objections
Sit on it – Becomes law after 10 days
Constitution
Article II
Section 1
Executive Powers shall be vested in a
President
Hold office for four years
No person except a natural born citizens
shall be eligible to the office
Minimum age of 35
14 years citizen
Constitution
Article II
Section 1
Presidential oath:
“ I do solemnly swear that I will faithfully
execute the Office of President of the United
States, and I will to the best of my ability,
preserve, protect, and defend the
Constitution of the United States”
Constitution
Article II
Section 2
○ President shall be Commander in Chief of the
Army and Navy of the United States
Section 3
○ President shall from time to time give to
Congress Information of the State of the
Union
Constitution
Article III
Section 1: The judicial powers shall be
vested in one supreme Court
Section 2: Deals with all cases arising
under the Constitution
○ To controversies between two or more states
○ Between a State and Citizens of another State
○ Between Citizens of different states
Bill of Rights
First 10 Amendments
Bill of Right
Amendment I
Congress shall make no law
representing an establishment of
religion, or prohibiting the free exercise
thereof; or abridging the freedom of
speech, or of the press, or the right of
the people to peaceably to assemble,
and to petition the Government for a
redress of grievances .
Bill of Rights
Amendment II
Right of the people to keep and bear
arms.
Bill of Rights
Amendment IV
The right of the people to be secure in
their persons, house, papers, and
effects, against unreasonable searches
and seizures, shall not be violated
No Warrants shall issue, but upon
probable cause. Particularly describing
the place to be searched, and the
persons or things to be seized.
Bill of Rights
Amendment V
No person shall be held to answer for a
capital, or otherwise infamous crime,
unless on a presentment or indictment of a
Grand Jury
Nor shall any person be subject for the
same offence to be twice put in jeopardy of
life or limb (Double Jeopardy)
Nor shall be compelled in any criminal case
be a witness against himself (Plead Fifth)
Bill of Rights
Amendment V
Nor be deprived of life, liberty, or
property without due process of law
Nor shall private property be taken for
public use without just compensation
(Eminent Domain)
Bill of Rights
Amendment VI
Right to a speedy and public trial, by an
impartial jury, and be informed of the nature
and cause of accusation
Be confronted with the witnesses against him
Have compulsory process of obtaining
witnesses in his favor
To have the assistance of counsel for his
defense
Bill of Rights
Amendment VIII
Excessive bail shall not be required, nor
excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and
unusual punishment inflected.
Amendment XIII
Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude
shall exist within the United States.
Amendment XIV
All persons born or naturalized in the
United States are citizens of the United
States
Males 21 have the right to vote
Amendment XV
The rights of citizens to vote shall not be
denied or abridged on the account of
race, color, or previous condition of
servitude.
Gives all males with money the right to vote
Amendment XVII
Senate of the United States shall be
composed of two Senators from each
state
6 years
Amendment XIX
The rights of citizens to vote shall not be
denied on account of sex.
Gives all males and females with money the
right to vote
Amendment XX
Section 1
The terms
of the President and VicePresident shall end at noon on January 20.
The terms of Congress end on January 3.
Amendment XX
Section 3
If the President
shall die, the Vice-President
elect shall become President.
Amendment XXII
No person shall be elected to the office
of President more then twice
No person can President more than 10
years
Amendment XXIV
The rights of the citizens to vote shall
not be denied by reason of failure to pay
any poll tax or other taxes
Amendment XXV
In cases of the removal of the President,
the Vice President shall become
President
Amendment XXVI
The rights of the citizens who are 18
years of age to vote shall not be denied
based on age
Gives 18 year old males and females the
right to vote.
Civil Rights
Personal, natural rights of the individual
governed by the U.S. Constitution
Most vital right is?
First Amendment
Due Process of Law
Not defined in Constitution
Defined by U.S. Supreme Court
At a minimum, must be provided
adequate notice and a proper hearing.
Fundamental fairness
Turn to page 30 and answer the
Assessment questions
Assessment
Assessment Answers
July 4, 1776
2. Happiness
3. Eight Years
4. False (Confederation)
5. Rights
1.
Assessment Answers
Rhode Island
7. First Amendment
8. True
9. True
10. True
6.
Assessment Answers
Yes, The protection of the Bill of Rights
against governmental action were not
extended to the states until much later.
12. Loyalty to the King of England and fear
of reprisal.
13. Perhaps but no rights are absolute.
The police acted in the public interests
of safety and health.
11.
System of Checks and Balance
Balance power between governmental
branches by having the powers given
one branch check the powers given
another.
Branches of Government
Legislative Branch
Congress
○ House of Representatives
○ Senators
Executive Branch
President of U.S. and Vice-President
Judicial Branch
Supreme Court of U.S.
Amendments
Changes to Constitution
Proposed by a 2/3 majority vote in both
House and Senate
Requires the legislatures of 2/3 of all states
to call a convention
Pure Democracy
Every adult citizen may vote on all
issues
All most impossible to do to get everyone to
vote on everything
Republic
Another name is Representative
Democracy
Voters select representatives
We still have a say by voting
Power to Govern
Sovereignty
Talked about in the 10th Amendment
Means supreme political authority free
from external control.
Powers of the Federal
Government
Duty to protect every state against
invasion
May establish post office, coin money,
and tax on imports and exports
Federal and State Legislators may
impose other taxes – Sales and Income
Powers of the Federal
Government
Regulate Interstate Commerce – Trade
between states
States regulate Intrastate Commerce –
Within state
Federal Agencies
Federal Trade Commission (FTC)
Enforces laws against anti-competitive
business activities
Securities and Exchange Commission
(SEC)
Regulates the disclosure of information
related to the buying and selling of stocks.
Federal Agencies
National Labor Relations Board (NLRB)
Deals employees’ rights to join labor unions
and to participate in collective bargaining
Federal Communication Commissions
(FCC)
Interstate channels of communication
Federal Agencies
Equal Employment Opportunity
Commission (EEOC)
Workplace discrimination
Occupational Safety and Health
Administration (OSHA)
Workplace health and safety
Federal Agencies
Consumer Product Safety Commission
(CPSC)
Safety of various consumer products (toys)
Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
Enforces pure food and drug acts
Tests and reviews any new drugs
Conducts food production inspections
Federal Agencies
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
Enforces antipollution Acts
Regulates and handles cleanup of
hazardous chemicals
Department of Homeland Security
(DHS)
Protects American homelands from terrorist
attacks
Assessment
Turn to page 35
Complete the Assessment
Assessment Answers
House
2. (D) The states retained all of the above
powers
3. False
1.
4.
Only done by federal government
Congress
Assessment Answers
5.
6.
Two
False
7.
False
8.
Based on the population
House of Representative
Executive
Assessment Answers
No. Power is left to the federal
government
10. Forcing everyone to vote might cause
people to pay attention to the election.
May also bring people unprepared to
cast an informed ballot.
11. Carefully evaluate what caused the
ERA to fail before putting forward a new
effort.
9.
Controls the Internet
Cyberlaw
Governs the use of computers in e-
commerce and the internet
World Wide Web
HTML – hypertext markup language
Dictates the format of standard web
documents
HTTP – hypertext transfer protocol
Provides the standard for exchanging files
Communications Decency Act
Controls the knowing transmittal of
obscene material
Child Online Protection Act
Requires commercial sites to use up-todate methodology to restrict access to
their sites containing material harmful to
children.
Assessment Questions
Page 43
Assessment Answers
State Court
2. False
3. False
4. Communication Decency Act
5. Long Arm Statutes
1.
Assessment Answers
6.
7.
Current law in the US generally calls for
the standard of obscenity in the
recipient’s state to be used.
Privacy advocacy groups, civil liberties
groups, and groups representing
minorities and consumers would
support the change.
Marketing groups that rely on the
government data, government planning
entitites
Ch. 2 Assessment
Pg. 45 – Review Legal Concepts
Writing Legal Concepts #19,
#20
Think Critically
Pg. 46 Analyze Cases