Transcript C1 - Immigration - Radford High School

IMMIGRATION
Reasons, Methods & Attitudes
1
2
Vocabulary
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Push factor: reasons why an individual leaves their country
Pull factor: reasons why an individual enters a certain
country
Immigrant: an individual moving from one country to
another
Immigrate: entering another country with an intent to settle
there
Emigrate: leaving one’s country for another country with
the intent to settle
Persecution: Unfair treatment based on discrimination or
prejudiced attitudes.
3
Connection to Industrial Revolution


Immigrants were
important to the
nations industrial
revolution
Immigration has
ALWAYS been an
important part
United States
history
4
Old Immigrants




Before 1890.
Mostly from Northern and
Western Europe.
Countries like Britain,
Ireland and Germany
Some of these immigrants
moved to American cities,
some to farms and small
towns
5
New Immigrants


Beginning in 1890 (mostly)
Many immigrants from Southern and Eastern Europe



Places like Italy, Greece and Russia and Poland
Also immigrants from Japan, China and Mexico
Most of these immigrants moved to American cities
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Quick Quiz
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
What is a push/pull factor?
What does emigrate mean?
How were immigrants important to the Ind. Rev?
Describe the “Old Immigrants”
Describe “New Immigrants”
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PUSH FACTORS
Why did immigrants want to leave the
countries that they came from?
8
Push Factors
1.
Europe was experiencing
an Industrial Revolution
so…




Europe’s agrarian economy
was ending
Harvest machines put
farmers out of work
Craftspeople were replaced
by factories
Wealthy landowners charged
high rent
9
Push Factors (cont.)
2. Overpopulation


The population in
Europe between 1870
and 1900 had doubled
resulting in scarce land
and resources.
Competing for Land,
food, & jobs
10
Push Factors (cont.)
3. Political/Religious tension

The Jews of Russia
 lived in restricted settlements and had few legal rights. They
were beaten, murdered, raped and had their homes
destroyed
 1/3 of Russian Jews emigrated to U.S.
 Anti-Jewish discrimination is called Anti-Semitism

Refugees from Mexico
 After 1910 political tension in Mexico caused Mexicans to
flee Mexico and settle in the Southwest region of the United
States
11
Jewish Russians & Mexican Refugees
12
Religious Persecution in Russia
“Alfred Levitt was a Jewish person living in
Russia. During this time, Jews were hated in
Russia. Organized attacks called pogroms,
sometimes assisted by the government, were
carried out against Russian Jews. Many
thousands were killed. In 1905, every Jewishowned business in Alfred’s town was
ransacked and looted. His mother hid him
from the attackers. As the family huddled in
fear, they longed for a better life.”
13
Quick Quiz
1.
2.
3.
Explain how the Industrial Revolution in Europe was a
push factor for emigration? (4 facts)
Explain how Overpopulation was a push factor for
emigration? (2 facts)
Explain how Religious persecution and political tension
were push factors for emigration? (4 facts)
14
PULL FACTORS
What reasons were causing immigrants to
want to COME to the United States?
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Pull Factors
1. Recruitment for Jobs

American Factories sent representatives to get workers
from Europe to work in their factories
2. Better Living Conditions
In the United States…
 Food was plentiful
 Land was easier to buy
 Wages/Salaries were higher
16
Russian Child’s View of U.S.
“In Russia everyone
thought that
America was such
a rich country that
you could literally
find gold in the
streets.”
17
Pull Factors
3. California Gold Rush


Promises of fortune
1851-1883 300,000 Chinese came seeking gold
4. Homestead Act of 1862

“any adult citizen (or person intending to become a
citizen) who headed a family could qualify for a grant of
160 acres of public land by paying a small registration
fee and living on the land continuously for 5 years.“
 Land grants (free) for farmers
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Pull Factors
5. National
Reclamation Act


Passed in 1902
Created new
farmland in Western
states, government
irrigation projects
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Quick Quiz

Thoroughly explain each of the
following Pull Factors to the
United States:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Recruitment for jobs
Better living conditions
California Gold Rush
Homestead Act of 1862
National Reclamation Act 1902
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JOURNEY TO AMERICA
How did Immigrants get to the United
States in the late 1800s and early 1900s?
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Common Methods of Transportation




Improvements in
transportation, dramatically
shortened the time it took to
journey to U.S.
Those who journeyed across
oceans mostly used steam
ships like Titanic
Trips across the Atlantic
Ocean took about one week
Trips across the Pacific took
about three weeks
22
Ellis Island



Small island in New
York Harbor
Most European
Immigrants coming to
America during the late
1800s and early 1900s
had to stop here.
If you did not pass
health tests you were
sent back
23
Angel Island



Small island in San
Francisco Bay
Most immigrants from
Asia during the late 1800s
and early 1900s had to
stop here before being
allowed to enter America
Immigrants passing
through here were treated
more harshly than
immigrants at Ellis Island
due to anti-Asian prejudice
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RESPONSES TO IMMIGRATION
What were Americans’ reactions to
immigration during the late 1800s and
early 1900s?
25
Nativism



Some Americans were suspicious
or fearful of immigrants because
they were new and different.
Many anti-immigrant groups
emerged like the Immigration
Restriction League (1894)
Some protestant Americans held
prejudiced beliefs against
Catholics and Jews; many of the
newer immigrants were members
of these religions
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Chinese Exclusion Act



Passed by congress in 1882
Ended ALL immigration
from China to the U.S.
It was continuously
extended every ten years
until it was repealed
(removed) in 1943
27
Gentlemen’s Agreement



The government of Japan was upset
because Japanese Americans were
being segregated in the Public
Schools of San Francisco
President Teddy Roosevelt and the
leaders of Japan reached a
“Gentlemen’s Agreement”
Japan promised to limit
emigration to the U.S in
exchange for U.S. ending antiJapanese segregation
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Quick Quiz
1.
2.
3.
What was the most common method of transportation
to the United states in the late 1800s and early 1900s?
Explain Ellis and Angel island and their differences
and similarities?
Explain each of the following reactions to immigration
a.
b.
c.
Nativism
Chinese Exclusion Act
Gentlemen’s Agreement
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