Transcript The New Deal - socialstudiesguy.com

NCSCOS 9.05
Macro Concepts
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Reform-the concept of
improvement by government
action.
Power-the authority of a
government to create and
enforce laws over its citizens.
Change-transformation of life
over time.
Leadership-a person who sets
an example for others to
follow
Innovation-improving and
modernizing life to benefit
others.
Micro Concepts
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Federalism-type of
government that unites
states under one law.
Business cycle-the different
up and down stages of the
economy.
Capitalism-economic
system that allows private
citizens to own the factors
of production.
Socialism-economic system
that allows the government
to control all the factors of
production.
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After his election as president of
the United States in 1932 F.D.R.
introduced a plan [legislative
Agenda] to return the nation to
prosperity called the New Deal.
President Franklin Roosevelt’s
New Deal sought to repair the
nation’s economy and image by
using the Three Rs:
Relief
Recovery
Reform
All of F.D.R.’s programs from
1933-1936 were intended to
support his New Deal.
Domestic Problems in need of fixing
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F.D.R. needed to spend tax money to
improve the lives of U.S. citizens.
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When there was little money the U.S.
had to borrow money in the form of
bonds from citizens.
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When a government spends more
money then it takes in its called deficit
spending.
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There were also millions of elderly
people who had their life savings wiped
out by the Great Depression. The Social
Security Act was passed in 1935 to
provide modest pensions [monetary
retirement payments] to people over 65
years of age.
F.D.R.’s Progressivist Legislation
 Agricultural Adjustment Act-Farmers were encouraged to destroy their
crops or simply not grow their crops to lower the supply thereby raising the
market price.
 National Industrial Recovery Act-this law relaxed the regulations on
businesses that were related to the Sherman Anti-Trust Act. The N.R.A.
[National Recovery Administration] was told to post the Blue Eagle on their
windows and doors. The federal government gave incentives to people who
bought from companies who cooperated.
 National Labor Relations Act [Wagner Act]-this law gave the right to
collectively bargain to unions.
 Fair Labor Standards Act-this law guaranteed a minimum wages of $.40 an
hour, guaranteed overtime pay [time and a half], and most child labor.
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S.E.C. Security and Exchange Commission-fed agency created to monitor
and prevent banks and brokerage houses from manipulating the stock
markets.
C.C.C. Civilian Conservation Corps-fed agency created to provide jobs for
men at a $1 per day, gave free room and board to combat the Great
Depression.
P.W.A. Public Works Administration- fed agency that trained and hired
men to build infrastructure such as roads, schools and bridges throughout
the United States [the jobs created were called pick and shovel jobs].
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F.D.I.C. Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation-fed agency created to
guarantee the deposits [savings] of each bank account holder up to
$100,000.
T.V.A. Tennessee Valley Authority-federally sponsored electric company
that produced very low cost electricity for the Southeastern United States.
Also provided were construction and service jobs for thousands of
American workers.
W.P.A. Works Progress Administration-fed agency that employed
unskilled workers who built parks and other public projects. Similar to
the P.W.A.
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Huey P. Long-a governor and U.S senator from Louisiana from 1928-1935
he was avowed advocate of the poor and disadvantaged. His policies
such as the Share Our Wealth program sought to limit the wealth of the
richest U.S. citizens with progressive income taxes in order to fund the
standard of living for the poorest Americans.
Father Charles Coughlin [speech on Youtube]-was a Detroit area Catholic
priest who criticized F.D.R.’s New Deal Programs as not going far enough
to help the poor and that the president was too close to Wall Street
bankers.
Frances Perkins-the first female member of a president’s cabinet. As
Secretary of Labor she championed the central New Deal programs such
as the Minimum Wage, Social Security Act and Public Works
Administration.
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