Transcript US Immigration + Nativists

US
IMMIGRATION
Created by Mr. Steve Hauprich for acceleration and remediation of US History students
Historical context
US immigration has often been greatest during
times of rapid US economic growth, helping
agriculture, manufacturing, and service sectors
increase output.
Thesis Statement
While immigration patterns led US society
to greater cultural pluralism, patterns of
assimilation and acculturation were often
impeded (slowed) by forces of nativism,
xenophobia, and ethnocentrism.
Early settlers from England came primarily
to farm the land and escape religious strife.
African and Caribbean people were
forced into labor, in horrific exploitation
based on greed, prejudice, and power.
…The resulting society in North America
was one divided by ethnocentric views
of culture…with Native American Indians
trying to defend their ways of life… as various
Euro-American groups developed new enterprises
…built by new immigrant and slave labor.
Irish Immigration
in mid-1800’s was
controversial due
to the immigrants’
Catholic religion
and alleged social
vices…
i.e. drinking and
fighting
A nativist group (anti-immigrant) the know nothings
…were organized opposing new Catholic immigrants
from Ireland and Germany.
Due to concerns
over problems of
social and cultural
mixing…Catholics
built many private
schools and colleges
…attempting to
avoid conflicts and
tension with
the Protestant
majority in the US
…”pluralism”…
was growing
The next great wave of Nativist reaction
was the yellow peril…leading to the
infamous 1882 Chinese Exclusion Act…
immigration restrictions based on
ethnocentrism and racism .
American city neighborhoods known
as Chinatowns developed…
separated cultural groups of immigrants
maintaining traditional language and customs
…pluralism… was growing
Xenophobia is
FEAR of strangers…
Xenophobia was experienced by many
immigrants when they arrived in US cities
… and by nativist Americans when they ventured
into the new ethnic neighborhoods growing in
cities across the land.
As a result of growing distrust among
groups of Americans…each new wave
of immigration seemed to result in
more ethnic neighborhoods…
However, there was
Melting pot assimilation occurring
through intermarriage… and where
neighborhood boundaries were less distinct.
Acculturation is learning
and adapting to the predominant culture
in a given society…in the USA this means…
the English language, English measurements,
seatbelt laws, helmet laws, driving on the right,
American Football, Church, school , police ,
riding buses, learning slang, etc…
US immigrants acculturated
primarily through education and
experiences in the work place.
In 1925 the KKK staged the largest
Nativist demonstration in US History…
the 1920’s saw new immigration restrictions
…favoring WASP groups …over all others
Sacco and Vanzetti Trial of the 1920’s was
criticized as unfair, due to nativist
prejudices that characterized the decade.
The
Immigration restrictions
imposed in the 1920’s would not
be lifted until the 1960’s… when
“ability”, rather than “national origin” …
would determine immigration status.
Diversity has long existed in America…
…only in more recent history has it been
fully appreciated…
and immigration continues to flow.
___1. Which social practice has done the most to assimilate immigrants
into American culture?
1 educating immigrant children in public schools
2 housing immigrants in tenements
3 making low-cost medical care available
4 forming ethnic neighborhoods in cities
___2. One similarity between the Know-Nothings and the Ku Klux Klan is that both
1 opposed the spread of communism
2 exposed abuses in big business and government
3 believed the problems of society were caused by the growth
of labor unions
4 fostered resentment against minority groups in American society
___3. In the late 1800's and early 1900's, most nativists feared continued
immigration to the United States because they believed that immigrants would
1 become the dominant groups in colleges and universities
2 lead anti-government protests
3 obtain the best farmland
4 work for cheaper wages
___4. A primary aim of United States immigration policy in the 1920's was to
1 encourage immigration of well-educated and wealthy persons
2 increase the number of immigrants from Asia and Latin America
3 limit immigration from southern and eastern European nations
4 help solve the World War I refugee problem
___5. Which group in the United States presented the strongest opposition to
unlimited immigration during the late 19th century?
1 steel-producing industrialists
2 steamship company owners
3 recent immigrants
4 organized labor
___6. The Chinese Exclusion Act, the Gentlemen's Agreement, and the
National Origins Act all show that at times the United States
1 opposed the principle of open immigration
2 supported the restriction of immigration from western Europe
3 encouraged immigrants who would provide cheap labor
4 favored immigration from all parts of the world
___7. The Chinese Exclusion Act, the Gentlemen's Agreement, and the
National Origins Acts are all examples of
1 attempts to encourage scientists and intellectuals to settle in the United States
2 efforts to end immigration from Latin America
3 discriminatory immigration policies of the United States
4 programs to promote cultural diversity in the United States
___8. The Chinese Exclusion Act (1882) and the Gentlemen's Agreement with Japan
(1907) are examples of
1 international humanitarian programs
2 actions that reflected widespread nativist sentiment
3 successful negotiations to encourage trade
4 United States attempts to stay out of foreign wars
"Between Halsted Street and the river live about ten thousand Italians....
To the south on Twelfth Street are many Germans,
and side streets are given over almost entirely to Polish and Russian Jews.
Still farther south, these Jewish colonies merge into a huge Bohemian colony.“
___9. Which term most accurately applies to the situation described by
Jane Addams?
1 social mobility
2 populism
3 cultural pluralism
4 individualism
"Year of the Rat Celebrated in Chinatown"
"St. Patrick's Day Parade Draws a Crowd of 10,000"
"Martin Luther King Day Recognized in Schools Across the
United States“
___10. Which characteristic of United States society is illustrated by
these headlines?
1 nativism
2 social mobility
3 urbanization
4 cultural pluralism