Transcript US History to 1877 5th Grade

1st 9 Weeks
Created by Cathy Vanvalzah
US History to 1877
th
5
CVV
Grade
Geography Skills
Continents are large land masses surrounded by
water.
US1.2a
What are the seven continents?
Europe
North America
Asia
Africa
Australia
South America
Antarctica
US1.2a
Europe is considered a continent even though
it is not entirely surrounded by water.
The land mass is frequently called Eurasia.
US1.2a
Geographic regions of North America
Coastal Plain
• Located along
the Atlantic
Ocean and
Gulf of Mexico
• Broad lowland
providing
many
excellent
harbors
US1.2b
Geographic regions of North America
Appalachian
Highlands
• Located west of
Coastal Plain
extending from
eastern Canada to
western Alabama;
includes the
Piedmont
• Old, eroded
mountains (oldest
mountain range in
North America)
US1.2b
Geographic regions of North America
Canadian Shield
• Wrapped around
Hudson Bay in a
horseshoe shape
• Hills worn by
erosion and
hundreds of lakes
carved by glaciers
• Holds some of the
oldest rock
formations in North
America
US1.2b
Geographic regions of North America
Interior Lowlands
• Located west of
the Appalachian
Mountains and
east of the Great
Plains
• Rolling flatlands
with many rivers,
broad river
valleys, and
grassy hills
US1.2b
Geographic regions of North America
Great Plains
• Located west of
Interior Lowlands
and east of the
Rocky Mountains
• Flat land that
gradually
increases in
elevation
westward;
grasslands
US1.2b
Geographic regions of North America
Rocky Mountains
• Located west of the
Great Plains and
east of the Basin
and Range
• Rugged mountains
stretching from
Alaska almost to
Mexico; high
elevations
• Contains the
Continental Divide,
which determines
the directional flow
of rivers
US1.2b
Geographic regions of North America
Basin and Range
• Located west of
Rocky Mountains
and east of the
Sierra Nevadas and
the Cascades
• Area of varying
elevations
containing isolated
mountain ranges
and Death Valley,
the lowest point in
North America
US1.2b
Geographic regions of North America
Coastal Range
• Rugged
mountains along
the Pacific Coast
that stretch from
California to
Canada
• Contains fertile
valleys
US1.2b
Major bodies of water in the United States
Oceans
Pacific
Atlantic
• The Pacific Ocean was
an early exploration
route.
• The Atlantic Ocean
served as the highway
for explorers, early
settlers, and later
immigrants.
US1.2c
Major bodies of water in the United States
Lakes
Great Lakes
• Inland port cities
grew in the Midwest
along the Great
Lakes.
US1.2c
Major bodies of water in the United States
Gulf
Gulf of Mexico
• provided the French
and Spanish with
exploration routes to
Mexico and other
parts of America
US1.2c
Major bodies of water in the United States
Rivers
Colorado River
• was explored
by the Spanish
US1.2c
What are some ways bodies
of water in the United States
have supported interaction
and created links to other
regions?
1. Trade
2. Transportation
3. Settlement
US1.2c
Trade, transportation, and settlement
The Missouri and
Mississippi Rivers
• were the
transportation
arteries for farm
and industrial
products
US1.2c
Trade, transportation, and settlement
The Ohio River
• was the gateway
to the west.
US1.2c
Trade, transportation, and settlement
The Columbia
River
• was explored
by Lewis and
Clark.
US1.2c
Trade, transportation, and settlement
The Rio Grande River
• forms the
border with
Mexico.
US1.2c
Test Your
Knowledge
Identify the shaded land mass on the map.
A.
B.
C.
D.
Europe
South America
Africa
Asia
USI.2a
The map shows the continent of –
A.
B.
C.
D.
Antarctica
Australia
North America
South America
USI.2b
Which geographic region is located west of the
Rocky Mountains, east of the Sierra Nevada’s
and the Cascades, and contains Death Valley?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Basin and Range
Great Plains
Coastal Range
Interior Lowlands
USI.2b
The Continental Divide, which determines the
directional flow of rivers, is located in which
geographic region?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Coastal Range
Rocky Mountains
Basin and Range
Appalachian Highlands
USI.2b
Which geographic region is located along the
Atlantic Ocean and Gulf of Mexico and has broad
lowland providing many excellent harbors?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Coastal Plain
Coastal Range
Basin and Range
Great Plains
Which body of water served as a highway for
explorers, early settlers and later immigrants?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Gulf of Mexico
Pacific Ocean
Great Lakes
Atlantic Ocean
Which is the BEST title for the graphic?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Bodies of water
Land masses
Islands
Deserts
USI.2c
Inland port cities grew up in the Midwest
along the –
A.
B.
C.
D.
Colorado River
Gulf of Mexico
Columbia River
Great Lakes
USI.2c
Which river was explored by the Spanish and is
number 2 on the map?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Columbia River
Colorado River
Mississippi River
Ohio River
USI.2c
In which areas of
North America
did the American Indians
(First Americans) live?
?
USI.3a
Inuit (Eskimo) Indians
• Inuit inhabited present-day Alaska and
northern Canada.
• They lived in Arctic areas where the
temperature is below freezing much of
the year.
USI.3a
Kwakiutl
• Kwakiutl inhabited the Pacific
Northwest coast, characterized by a
rainy, mild climate.
USI.3a
Sioux
• Sioux inhabited the interior of the
United States, called the Great Plains
and characterized by dry grasslands.
USI.3a
Pueblo
• Pueblo inhabited the Southwest in
present-day New Mexico and Arizona,
where they lived in desert areas and
areas bordering cliffs and mountains.
USI.3a
Iroquois
Iroquois
• Iroquois inhabited northeast North
America, the Eastern Woodland, which
is heavily forested.
USI.3a
How did geography and
climate affect the way
American Indian groups
met their basic needs?
+
=
Food and Clothing
• The American Indians (First Americans)
fished, hunted, and harvested crops for
food.
• Clothing was made from animal skins
and plants.
USI.3b
Shelter
• Their shelter was made of resources
found in their environment (e.g., sod,
stones, animal skins, wood).
USI.3b
Test Your
Knowledge
Which American Indians (First Americans)
inhabited the Pacific Northwest Coast,
characterized by a rainy, mild climate?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Inuit
Pueblo
Kwakiutl
Iroquois
USI.3a
The area labeled number 3 on the map was
inhabited by the –
A.
B.
C.
D.
Inuit
Sioux
Pueblo
Iroquois
USI.3a
Which American Indian (First American) tribe
lived in the area described?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Sioux
Pueblo
Inuit
Kwakiutl
USI.3b
Major European countries were
in competition to extend their
power into North America and
claim the land as their own.
USI.4a
Motivating forces for exploration
• Economic—Gold, natural resources,
and trade
• Religious—Spread of Christianity
• Competitions for empire and belief in
superiority of own culture
USI.4a
Obstacles to exploration
•
•
•
•
Poor maps and navigational tools
Disease/starvation
Fear of unknown
Lack of adequate supplies
USI.4a
Accomplishments of exploration
• Exchanged goods and ideas
• Improved navigational tools and ships
• Claimed territories
USI.4a
Regions of North America explored
by Spain, France, and England
Regions explored by Spain
• Francisco Coronado claimed southwest
United States for Spain.
USI.4a
Regions explored by France
• Samuel de Champlain established the
French settlement of Quebec.
• Robert La Salle claimed the
Mississippi River Valley.
USI.4a
Regions explored by England
• John Cabot explored eastern Canada.
USI.4a
Regions explored by Portugal
• The Portuguese made voyages of
discovery along West Africa.
USI.4a
Cultural
Interaction
with the
New World
Spain
France
England
Spanish--Cultural interaction
• Conquered and enslaved American
Indians (First Americans)
• Brought Christianity to the New World
• Brought European diseases
USI.4b
French---Cultural interaction
• Established trading posts
• Spread Christian religion
USI.4b
English--Cultural interaction
Jamestown
• Established settlements and claimed
ownership of land
• Learned farming techniques from
American Indians (First Americans)
• Traded
USI.4b
Areas of cooperation
• Technologies (transportation of
weapons and farm tools)
• Trade
• Crops
USI.4b
Areas of conflict
•
•
•
•
•
Land
Competition for trade
Differences in cultures
Disease
Language difference
USI.4b
How did West African empires impact
European trade?
• Ghana, Mali, and Songhai
became powerful by
controlling trade in West
Africa.
• The Portuguese carried
goods from Europe to
West African empires,
trading metals, cloth, and
other manufactured
goods for gold.
USI.4c
Why did Europeans
establish colonies in
North America?
Roanoke Island
Jamestown
• Roanoke Island (Lost Colony) was
established as an economic venture.
• The first permanent English settlement in
North America (1607), Jamestown
Settlement, was an economic venture by the
Virginia Company.
USI.5a
• Plymouth colony was settled by
separatists from the Church of England
who wanted to avoid religious
persecution.
• Massachusetts Bay Colony was settled
by the Puritans for the same reasons.
USI.5a
• Pennsylvania was settled by the
Quakers, who wanted to have freedom to
practice their faith without interference.
USI.5a
• Georgia was settled by people who had
been in debtor’s prisons in England.
• They hoped to experience a new life in
the colony and to experience economic
freedom in the New World.
USI.5a
Interactions of people
and the environment in
Colonial America.
USI.5b
New England
Geography
and climate
Economy
Social life
• Appalachian Mountains, Boston harbor,
hilly terrain, rocky soil, jagged coastline
• Moderate summers, cold winters
• Fishing, shipbuilding industry and naval
supplies, trade and port cities
• Skilled craftsmen, shopkeepers
• Village and church as center of life
• Religious reformers and separatists
Political and • Town meetings
civic life
USI.5b
Mid-Atlantic
Geography
and climate
Economy
Social life
Political and
civic life
• Appalachian Mountains, coastal
lowlands (harbors and bays, wide and
deep rivers), rich farmlands
• Moderate climate
• Livestock and grain, trading
• Unskilled and skilled workers and
fishermen
• Villages and cities
• Varied and diverse lifestyles
• Diverse religions
• Market towns
USI.5b
South
Geography
and climate
Economy
Social life
Political and
civic life
• Appalachian Mountains, Piedmont,
Atlantic Coastal Plain, good harbors,
rivers
• Humid climate
• Large farms/plantations, cash crops,
wood products, small farms
• Slavery
• Plantations (slavery), mansions,
indentured servants, few cities, few
schools
• Church of England
• Counties
USI.5b
How did people’s lives
vary among different
social groups in colonial
America?
Large landowners
• Lived predominately in the South
• Relied on indentured servants and/or
slaves for labor
• Were educated in some cases
• Had rich social culture
USI.5c
Farmers
• Worked the land according to the region
• Relied on family members for labor
USI.5c
Shoemaker
Silversmith
Artisans
• Worked as craftsmen in towns and on the
plantation
• Lived in small villages and cities
USI.5c
Women
• Worked as caretakers, house-workers,
homemakers
• Could not vote
• Had few chances for an education
USI.5c
Indentured servants
• Consisted of men and women who did
not have money for passage to the
colonies and who agreed to work without
pay for the person who paid for their
passage
• Were free at the end of their contract
USI.5c
Slaves
• Were captured in their native Africa and sold
to slave traders, then were shipped to the
colonies where they were sold into slavery
• Were owned as property for life with no
rights
• Were often born into slavery (Children of
slaves were born into slavery.)
USI.5c
How did England
impose its political and
economic control over
the colonies?
Economic relationships
• England imposed strict control over
trade.
• England taxed the colonies after the
French and Indian War.
• Colonies traded raw materials for goods.
USI.5d
Political relationships
• Colonists had to obey English laws that
were enforced by governors.
• Colonial governors were appointed by
the king or by the proprietor.
• Colonial legislatures made laws for
each colony and were monitored by
colonial governors.
USI.5d
Test Your
Knowledge
Which completes the diagram?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Technology-new weapons
Economic-gold, natural resources, trade
Maps-poor quality
Labor-Enslave American Indians
USI.4a
What title BEST fits the diagram?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Obstacles to Exploration
Effects of the American Revolution
Accomplishments of Exploration
Areas of Cooperation in the Colonies
USI.4a
Which European explorer is NOT correctly
matched with his area of exploration?
A. John Cabot – Eastern Canada for England
B. Francisco Coronado – Southwest United
States for Spain
C. Samuel de Champlain – Quebec for France
D. Robert LaSalle – Great Lakes for Portugal
USI.4a
Which European explorers conquered and
enslaved American Indians (First Americans)
and brought Christianity and European
diseases?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Spanish
French
English
Portuguese
USI.4b
Portugal traded metals, cloth, and other
manufactured goods with Ghana, Mali, and
Songhai for –
A.
B.
C.
D.
spices
gold
ships
diamonds
USI.4c
Which colony is NOT correctly matched with the
reason it was settled?
A. Georgia – settled by separatists to avoid religious
persecution
B. Pennsylvania – settled by Quakers for religious freedom
C. Jamestown – settled as an economic venture by the
Virginia Company
D. Plymouth – settled by separatists from the Church of
England
USI.5a
The first permanent English settlement in North
America was –
A.
B.
C.
D.
Pennsylvania
Georgia
Plymouth
Jamestown
USI.5a
What geographic feature was found in the New
England, Mid-Atlantic, and Southern colonies?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Piedmont
Appalachian Mountains
Boston Harbor
Coastal Plain
USI.5b
The economy of the New England colonies was
BEST known for –
A.
B.
C.
D.
livestock and grain
large plantations
fishing, shipbuilding, and naval supplies
wood products and cash crops
USI.5b
Which title BEST completes the diagram?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Slave
Homemaker
Artisan
Indentured servant
USI.5c
A woman in colonial America would –
A.
B.
C.
D.
vote in an election
hold a political office
be a care taker and house worker
have a college education
USI.5c
To establish economic control over the colonies
England did all of the following EXCEPT –
A.
B.
C.
D.
placed strict control over trade
taxed the colonies
traded goods for raw materials
provided raw materials for the colonies
USI.5d
The list BEST describes –
A. England allowing the colonists to govern themselves
B. England imposing strict political control over
the colonies
C. the colonists learning how to govern themselves
D. the colonists practicing economic independence
USI.5d
2nd 9 Weeks Created by
Cathy Van Valzah
US History to 1877
th
5
CVV
Grade
As England expanded control over the
American colonies, many colonists
became dissatisfied and rebellious.
USI.6a
England’s reasons for control
$ $
$ $
• England desired to remain a world
power.
• England imposed taxes, such as the
Stamp Act, to raise necessary revenue
to pay the cost of the French and Indian
War.
USI.6a
England’s reasons for taxation
French and Indian War
• To help finance the French and Indian
War
• To help with the maintaining of English
troops in the colonies
USI.6a
Sources of colonial dissatisfaction
• Colonies had no representation in
Parliament.
• Some colonists resented power of
colonial governors.
• England wanted strict control over
colonial legislatures.
USI.6a
Sources of colonial dissatisfaction
Taxes
• Colonies opposed taxes.
• The Proclamation of l763 hampered the
western movement of settlers.
USI.6a
Test Your Knowledge
As England expanded control over the
American colonies, many colonists resented
the power of colonial –
A.
B.
C.
D.
governors
legislatures
landowners
proprietors
USI.6a
Why did the colonists oppose the Proclamation of
1763?
A. It encouraged colonists to move south to Florida.
B. It limited immigration from Europe.
C. It did not allow colonists to settle west of the
Appalachian Mountains.
D. It did not allow colonists to cross the Mississippi
River.
USI.6a
New political ideas led to a
desire for independence and
democratic government in the
American colonies.
USI.6b
Ideas of John Locke
• People have natural rights to life, liberty,
and property.
• Government is created to protect the
rights of people and has only the limited
and specific powers the people consent to
give it.
USI.6b
Key philosophies in the Declaration of
Independence
• People have “certain unalienable rights” (rights
that cannot be taken away)—life, liberty, pursuit
of happiness.
• People establish government to protect those
rights.
• Government derives power from the people.
• People have a right and a duty to change a
government that violates their rights.
USI.6b
Test Your Knowledge
Who is the author of this political idea?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Thomas Jefferson
Thomas Paine
John Locke
John Adams
USI.6b
Which of the following is a key idea in the
Declaration of Independence?
A. People have a right and duty to change a
government when it violates their rights.
B. People do not have to obey the law.
C. The government can take away people’s
rights without their consent.
D. The government is the source of all power
to rule.
USI.6b
Many individuals played important
roles in shaping events of the
American Revolution.
USI.6c
Key individuals from England
King George III
King George III:
British king during the Revolutionary Era
Lord Cornwallis:
British general who surrendered at
Yorktown
USI.6c
Key individuals from the Colonies
“Thomas, will
you write the
Declaration of
Independence?”
John Adams:
Championed the cause of independence
USI.6c
Key individuals from the Colonies
"Nothing short of
independence, it appears to
me, can possibly do. A peace
on other terms would..... be a
peace of war."
George Washington 1778
George Washington:
Commander of the Continental Army
USI.6c
Key individuals from the Colonies
Franklin, Adams, and Jefferson
Thomas Jefferson:
Major author of the Declaration of
Independence
USI.6c
Key individuals from the Colonies
Patrick Henry:
Outspoken member of House of Burgesses;
inspired colonial patriotism with “Give me
liberty or give me death” speech.
USI.6c
Key individuals from the Colonies
Franklin, Adams, and Jefferson
Benjamin Franklin:
Prominent member of Continental
Congress; helped frame the Declaration
of Independence
USI.6c
Key individuals from the Colonies
The document denounced British rule.
Thomas Paine:
Journalist, author of Common Sense
USI.6c
Other important individuals
Phillis Wheatley:
A former slave who wrote poems and plays
supporting American independence
USI.6c
Other important individuals
"One if by land two
if by sea."
Paul Revere, on his
Midnight Ride, 1775
Paul Revere:
Patriot who made a daring ride to warn
colonists of British arrival
USI.6c
Key events and the roles
of key individuals in
the American Revolution
USI.6c
Key Events—American Revolution
• Boston Massacre: Colonists in Boston
were shot after taunting British
soldiers.
• Boston Tea Party: Samuel Adams and
Paul Revere led patriots in throwing tea
into Boston Harbor to protest tea taxes.
USI.6c
Key Events—American Revolution
• First Continental Congress: Delegates
from all colonies except Georgia met to
discuss problems with England and to
promote independence.
• Battle of Lexington and Concord: This
was the site of the first armed conflict
of the Revolutionary War.
USI.6c
Key Events—American Revolution
• Approval of the Declaration of
Independence: Colonies declared
independence from England (July 4,
1776).
USI.6c
American Revolution
• Battle of Saratoga: This
American victory was
the turning point in the
war.
• Surrender at Yorktown:
This was the colonial
victory over forces of
Lord Cornwallis that
marked the end of the
Revolutionary War.
• Blue indicates an American Victory.
• Red indicates a British Victory.
Key Events—American Revolution
• Signing of the Treaty of Paris: England
recognized American independence in
this treaty.
USI.6c
Test Your Knowledge
Which key individual is correctly matched with his
role in the American Revolution?
A. John Adams – championed the cause of
independence
B. George Washington – commander of the British
Army
C. Benjamin Franklin – major author of the
Declaration of Independence
D. Phyllis Wheatley – author of the Treaty of Paris
USI.6c
The author of Common Sense was –
A.
B.
C.
D.
George Washington
Benjamin Franklin
Thomas Paine
Patrick Henry
USI.6c
Which event completes the timeline?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Treaty of Paris
French Indian War
Bill of Rights
Battle of Lexington and Concord
USI.6c
What advantages helped the
American colonists win the
Revolutionary War?
USI.6d
Colonial advantages
• Colonists’ defense of their own land,
principles, and beliefs
• Support from France and Spain
• Strong leadership
USI.6d
Test Your Knowledge
What is the BEST title for this chart?
A.
B.
C.
D.
British Advantages in the American Revolution
England’s Reasons for Taxation
England’s Control Over the Colonies
Colonial Advantages in the American Revolution
USI.6d
The Articles of Confederation was a
constitution written during the
American Revolution to establish the
powers of the new national government
USI.7a
What were the basic weaknesses of the Articles
of Confederation?
• Provided for a weak national government
• Gave Congress no power to tax or regulate
commerce among the states
• Provided for no common currency
• Gave each state one vote regardless of size
• Provided for no executive or judicial branch
USI.7a
Test Your Knowledge
Regulate commerce means to control –
A.
B.
C.
D.
voting in state legislatures
trading among the states
printing of money in the states
making of laws in the states
USI.7a
The Articles of Confederation limited the power
of the national government for all of the
following reasons EXCEPT –
A. states wanted one common currency for the
nation
B. states wanted to continue handling their
own business
C. people feared another king or strong
national government
D. people feared being taxed by a national
government
USI.7a
The Articles of Confederation provided for a –
A. Congress in which the large states had more
power
B. national court system to settle disputes
C. strong executive for the new nation
D. national government with no power to regulate
trade
USI.7a
Shared
Powers
The Constitution of the United States of
America established a federal system of
government based on power shared between the
national and state governments.
The Bill of Rights provided a written
guarantee of individual rights.
USI.7b
What were the basic principles of
governments stated in the
Constitution of the United States
of America and Bill of Rights?
USI.7b
Basic principles of government
• Separation of powers
• The structure of the new national
government was based on James Madison’s
“Virginia Plan,” which called for three
separate branches of government:
USI.7b
Legislative Branch
• Legislative Branch (Congress) makes the laws.
Congress is a two-house legislature in which all
states are represented equally in the Senate
(two Senators per state) and people are
represented in the House of Representatives
(number of a state’s representatives is based
on state’s population).
USI.7b
Judicial and Executive Branch
• Judicial Branch (Supreme Court)
determines if laws made by Congress
are constitutional.
• Executive Branch (President) carries
out the laws.
USI.7b
Checks and balances
Executive Branch
Carries out the Laws
Legislative Branch
Writes the laws
Judicial Branch
Are the laws
constitutional?
• Each branch can check the power of
the other.
• These checks keep any one branch
from gaining too much power.
USI.7b
Bill of Rights
• James Madison-- author of the Bill of Rights.
• The first ten amendments to the Constitution of
the United States of America provide a written
guarantee of individual rights
1
Freedom of religion, speech, press, assembly, and petition.
2
Right to keep and bear arms in order to maintain a well regulated militia.
3
No quartering of soldiers.
4
Freedom from unreasonable searches and seizures.
5
Right to due process of law, freedom from self-incrimination, double
jeopardy.
6
Rights of accused persons, e.g., right to a speedy and public trial.
7
Right of trial by jury in civil cases.
8
Freedom from excessive bail, cruel and unusual punishments.
9
Other rights of the people.
10
Powers reserved to the states.
USI.7b
Test Your Knowledge
Which branch of government is correctly
matched with its duties?
A. Executive Branch – makes the laws
B. Judicial Branch – determines if laws are
constitutional
C. Legislative Branch – carries out the laws
D. Federal Branch – separates government
USI.7b
The system of checks and balances is important
because it –
A. divides the power between the national
government and the states
B. selects the President of the United States
C. keeps any branch of government from
becoming too powerful
D. prevents the government from abusing the
rights of people
USI.7b
The structure of the new national government
was based on James Madison’s –
A.
B.
C.
D.
Pennsylvania Plan
New York Plan
New Jersey Plan
Virginia Plan
USI.7b
Alexander Hamilton and Thomas
Jefferson had opposing views on the
role of the national government. That
opposition resulted in the creation of
two political parties.
USI.7c
Leader of Federalists
•
•
•
•
Alexander Hamilton
Favored strong national government
Favored limits on states’ powers
Favored development of industry on a
national scale
• Favored a national bank
USI.7c
Leader of the Democratic Republicans
•
•
•
•
•
Thomas Jefferson
Favored a weak national government
Supported states’ powers
Favored small business and farmers
Opposed a national bank
USI.7c
Test Your Knowledge
These major differences led to the creation of –
A.
B.
C.
D.
Bill of Rights
Constitution of the United States
three branches of government
two political parties
USI.7c
Who was the leader of the DemocraticRepublican Party in the early 1800s?
A.
B.
C.
D.
George Washington
Alexander Hamilton
Thomas Jefferson
John Adams
USI.7c
What were the major national
issues and events faced by the
first five presidents?
USI.7d
George Washington
(Virginia)
• Federal court system was established.
• Political parties grew out of the
disagreements between Hamilton and
Jefferson over the proper role of the
national government.
• The Bill of Rights was added to the
Constitution of the United States of
America.
USI.7d
George Washington (cont.)
• Plans were initiated for development of
the national capital in Washington, D.C.
Benjamin Banneker, an African
American astronomer and surveyor,
helped complete the design for the city.
USI.7d
John Adams
(Massachusetts)
Federalists
Vs.
Democratic Republican Party
A two-party system emerged during his
administration.
USI.7d
Thomas Jefferson
(Virginia)
Lewis and Clark Trail
• He bought Louisiana from France
(Louisiana Purchase).
• Lewis and Clark explored this new land
west of the Mississippi River.
USI.7d
James Madison
(Virginia)
The War of l812 caused European
nations to gain respect for the United
States.
USI.7d
James Monroe
(Virginia)
"The American continents, by the free
and independent condition which they
have assured and maintain, are
henceforth not to be considered as
subjects for future colonization by any
European powers. We should consider
any attempt on their part to extend their
system to any portion of this
hemisphere as dangerous to our peace
and safety."
He introduced the Monroe Doctrine
warning European nations not to
interfere in the Western Hemisphere.
USI.7d
Test Your Knowledge
What president’s name would replace the
question mark in the graphic?
A.
B.
C.
D.
James Madison
Thomas Jefferson
George Washington
John Adams
USI.7d
All of the first five presidents were Virginians
EXCEPT –
A.
B.
C.
D.
James Madison
John Adams
Thomas Jefferson
James Monroe
USI.7d
Test Your Knowledge
from the 1st 9 Weeks
Which geographic region is located west of the
Appalachian Mountains and east of the Great
Plains?
A. Region 1
B. Region 2
C. Region 3
D. Region 4
USI.2b
Which river explored by Lewis and Clark
empties into the Pacific Ocean?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Ohio River
Columbia River
Rio Grande River
Mississippi River
USI.2c
Which country made voyages of discovery
along West Africa?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Portugal
England
France
Spain
USI.4a
Which completes the diagram?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Land
Disease
Farm tools
Language differences
USI.4b
Which two colonies were established mainly as
economic ventures?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Plymouth and Roanoke Island
Roanoke Island and Jamestown
Georgia and Plymouth
Massachusetts Bay and Pennsylvania
USI.5a
Which colonial geographic region had coastal
lowlands, moderate climate, diverse religions,
and market towns?
A.
B.
C.
D.
West
New England
South
Mid-Atlantic
USI.5b
All of these statements describe how England
imposed economic control over the colonies
EXCEPT –
A. England imposed strict rules over trade.
B. England ensured freedom of religion.
C. England taxed the colonies after the French
and Indian War.
D. Colonies traded raw materials for English
goods.
USI.5d
3rd 9 Weeks Created by
Cathy Van Valzah
US History to 1877
th
5
CVV
Grade
We want more Land!
Between 1801 and 1861,
exploration was encouraged as
America underwent vast territorial
expansion and settlement.
USI.8a
New territories added to the US after 1801
Lewis and Clark Trail
• Jefferson bought land from France (the
Louisiana Purchase), which doubled the size
of the United States.
• In the Lewis and Clark expedition, Meriwether
Lewis and William Clark explored the
Louisiana Purchase from the Mississippi
River to the Pacific Ocean.
USI.8a
Florida
• Spain gave Florida to the United States
through a treaty.
USI.8a
Texas
1836: Texas declares itself an
independent republic. Mexico, too
distracted with other problems to deal
effectively with the revolt, will continue
to regard it as a renegade province.
The US takes a different view,
confusing and complicating relations
between the two countries, and
helping to bring on The US-Mexican
War
• Texas was added after it became an
independent republic.
USI.8a
Oregon
• The Oregon
Territory was
divided by the
United States
and Great
Britain.
USI.8a
California
• War with Mexico resulted in California and
the southwest territory becoming part of
the United States.
USI.8a
Test Your Knowledge
Which territory was added to the United
States after it became an independent
republic?
A. Texas
B. Louisiana
C. Florida
D. Oregon
USI.8a
The Oregon Territory was divided by the
United States and –
A.
B.
C.
D.
Mexico
Spain
Great Britain
Russia
USI.8a
Identify the territory shaded on the map.
A.
B.
C.
D.
Florida
California
Oregon
Louisiana
USI.8a
What factors influenced
westward migration?
USI.8b
Geographic and economic factors that
influenced westward movement
• Population growth in the eastern states
• Availability of cheap, fertile land
• Economic opportunity, e.g., gold
(California Gold Rush), logging,
farming, freedom (for runaway slaves)
USI.8b
Geographic and economic factors that
influenced westward movement
Oregon Trail
Santa Fe trail
• Cheaper and faster transportation, e.g.,
rivers and canals (Erie Canal),
steamboats
• Knowledge of overland trails (Oregon
and Santa Fe)
USI.8b
Geographic and economic factors that
influenced westward movement
• Belief in the right of “Manifest
Destiny”—The idea that expansion was
for the good of the country and was the
right of the country
USI.8b
Test Your Knowledge
Which completes the diagram?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Increase in Southern Plantations
Canal Building in New England
Migration and Expansion Westward
Population Growth in Eastern States
USI.8b
All were factors that led to westward
movement of Americans EXCEPT –
A.
B.
C.
D.
population growth in eastern states
cheap fertile land
economic opportunities
overland trade routes leading to
Mexico
USI.8b
Prior to the Civil War, most industrialization
in America was in the North; however, the
equipment produced in the North had an
impact on the farming society in the South.
How did the inventions affect the lives of
Americans?
USI.8c
New technologies
The cotton gin
• was invented by Eli Whitney. It
increased the production of cotton and
thus increased the need for slave labor
to cultivate and pick the cotton.
USI.8c
The reaper
• Jo Anderson (a slave) and Cyrus McCormick
worked to invent the reaper. The reaper
increased the productivity of the American
farmer.
USI.8c
The steamboat
• The steamboat was improved by Robert
Fulton It eventually provided faster river
transportation that connected Southern
plantations and farms to Northern
industries and Western territories
USI.8c
The steam locomotive
• The steam locomotive provided faster
land transportation.
USI.8c
Test Your Knowledge
The reaper A. was invented by Cyrus McCormick
and Jo Anderson
B. increased the productivity of the
American farmer
C. provided improved land transportation
D. provided faster river transportation
USI.8c
The invention that increased the production
of cotton and thus increased the need for
slave labor was the –
A.
B.
C.
D.
reaper
cotton gin
steam locomotive
canal
USI.8c
Abolitionist movement
The abolitionists worked to end slavery.
Freedom
• Most abolitionists demanded immediate freeing
of the slaves.
• Abolitionists believed that slavery was wrong.
• Morally wrong
• Cruel and inhumane
• A violation of the principles of democracy
USI.8d
Harriet Tubman
Harriet Tubman a former slave used many
techniques to rescue over 300 slaves:
•`using the master's horse and buggy
• heading south if she encountered possible slave
hunters
• Tubman even carried a gun which she used to
threaten the fugitives if they became too tired or
decided to turn back, telling them, "You'll be free
or die."
William Lloyd Garrison
Published the anti-slavery
newspaper, the Liberator
Frederick Douglass
A great orator and writer, a leading figure in the
abolitionist movement, Frederick Douglass was
born into slavery in Maryland and eventually
escaped. The Narrative of the Life of Frederick
Douglass: an American slave, tells the hardships
of slavery.
Suffrage movement
The suffrage movement helped women gain
equal rights.
• Supporters declared that “All men and
women are created equal.”
• Supporters believed that women were
deprived of basic rights.
USI.8d
Suffrage movement
• Denied the right to vote
• Denied educational opportunities,
especially higher education
• Denied equal opportunities in business
• Limited in rights to own property
USI.8d
Suffrage movement
• The movement was led by strong
women who began their campaign
before the Civil War and continued after
the war had ended.
USI.8d
Sojourner Truth
Former slave delivers her "Ain't I a
Woman?” speech before a spellbound
audience at a women's rights convention in
Akron, Ohio.
USI.8d
Susan B. Anthony
Susan B. Anthony was raised in New York as a
Quaker and was a strong advocate of equal right
for women. One of her famous quotes was “Men
their rights and nothing more; women their rights
and nothing less.”
USI.8d
Elizabeth Cady Stanton
“Because man and woman are the
complement of one another, we need
woman’s thought in national affairs to
make safe and stable government.”
USI.8d
Test Your Knowledge
Abolitionists believed all EXCEPT –
A. slavery was morally wrong
B. slavery was cruel and inhumane
C. slavery was a violation of the
principles of democracy
D. slavery was an economic necessity
for the South
USI.8d
These Americans were –
A.
B.
C.
D.
Southern spies
weak women
Federalists
suffragists
USI.8d
How did cultural, economical,
and constitutional issues create
bitter divisions between the
North and the South?
USI.9a
Issues that divided the nation
Slavery
• While there were several differences
between the North and the South, the
issues related to slavery increasingly
divided the nation and led to the Civil
War.
USI.9a
Issues that divided the nation
Cultural
• The North was mainly an urban society in
which people held jobs.
• The South was primarily an agricultural
society in which people lived in small villages
and on farms and plantations.
• Because of their cultural differences, people
of the North and South found it difficult to
agree on social and political issues
USI.9a
Issues that divided the nation
Tariffs?
Economic
• The North was a manufacturing region, and its
people favored tariffs that protected factory
owners and workers from foreign competition.
• Southerners opposed tariffs that would cause
prices of manufactured goods to increase.
Planters were also concerned that England
might stop buying cotton from the South if
tariffs were added.
USI.9a
Issues that divided the nation
Constitutional
• A major conflict was states’ rights
versus strong central government
USI.9a
Test Your Knowledge
Issues that divided the nation
Before the Civil War, the North was
mainly –
A.
B.
C.
D.
an agricultural society
an urban society
cotton producing
tobacco producing
•USI.9a
According to the chart A. cultural, economical, and constitutional
issues divided the nation
B. slavery was the only issue that divided the
nation
C. the North and South always agreed on
important issues
D. there were few cultural differences in the
North and South
USI.9a
How did the issues of states’
rights and slavery increase
sectional tension between the
North and South?
USI.9b
Issues that divided the nation
National
Laws
North
VS.
State
Laws
South
• An important issue separating the
country related to the power of the
Federal government. Southerners
believed that they had the power to
declare any national law illegal.
Northerners believed that the national
government’s power was supreme over
that of the states.
USI.9b
Issues that divided the nation
Slavery?
• Southerners felt that the abolition of
slavery would destroy their region’s
economy. Northerners believed that
slavery should be abolished for moral
reasons.
USI.9b
Compromises attempting to
resolve differences
• Missouri Compromise (1820): Missouri
was a slave state; Maine, a free state.
USI.9b
• Compromise of l850: California was a
free state. Southwest territories would
decide about slavery.
USI.9b
• Kansas-Nebraska Act: People decided the
slavery issue (“popular sovereignty”).
USI.9b
Southern secession
• Following Lincoln’s election, the southern
states seceded from the Union. Confederate
forces attacked Fort Sumter, in South Carolina,
marking the beginning of the Civil War.
• Lincoln and many Northerners believed that the
United States was one nation that could not be
separated or divided. Most Southerners
believed that states had freely created and
joined the union and could freely leave it.
USI.9b
Test Your Knowledge
Which BEST completes the diagram?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Kansas-Nebraska Act
Compromise of 1850
Missouri Compromise (1820)
Emancipation Proclamation
USI.9b
At the beginning of the Civil War, a major
goal of President Lincoln was to –
A.
B.
C.
D.
punish the south
preserve the Union
spread slavery to California
add more states to the Union
USI.9b
Which is the correct sequence for these
events?
A.
B.
C.
D.
1, 2, 4, 3
2, 4, 1, 3
4, 2, 1, 3
2, 1, 4, 3
USI.9b
Test Your Knowledge
from the 1st and 2nd
9 Weeks
The oldest mountain range in North
America is found in the –
A.
B.
C.
D.
Canadian Shield
Appalachian Highlands
Rocky Mountains
Basin and Range
USI.2b
The river that forms the border with
Mexico is the –
A.
B.
C.
D.
Colorado
Mississippi
Columbia
Rio Grande
USI.2c
The Iroquois inhabited –
A.
B.
C.
D.
region 1
region 2
region 3
region 4
USI.3a
The Mid-Atlantic colonies were known for
their –
A.
B.
C.
D.
varied and diverse lifestyles
shipbuilding industry
slavery and indentured servants
religious reformers
USI.5b
Thomas Jefferson borrowed ideas for the
Declaration of Independence from which
English philosopher?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Patrick Henry
Benjamin Franklin
King George III
John Locke
USI.6b
One major weakness of the government
under the Articles of Confederation was
that it –
A. had no power to tax the states
B. regulated all commerce among the
states
C. had no legislative branch
D. gave large states more power
USI.7a
James Madison’s Virginia Plan called for –
A. two house legislature in Congress
B. a system of checks and balances
C. separation of powers into three
branches
D. creation of a Bill of Rights
USI.7b
The system of checks and balances is
Important because it –
A. makes the executive branch strong
B. divides the power between the national
government and the states
C. prevents the government from abusing
the rights of the people
D. keeps any one branch from gaining too
much power
USI.7b
The Federalist Party favored –
A.
B.
C.
D.
a weak national government
a national bank
strong state powers
small business and farmers
USI.7c
The African American astronomer and
Surveyor who helped complete the
design for Washington, D.C. was -
A.
B.
C.
D.
Frederick Douglass
Harriet Tubman
Benjamin Banneker
Phillis Wheatley
USI.7d
These were accomplishments during the
presidency of –
A.
B.
C.
D.
Thomas Jefferson
John Adams
George Washington
James Madison
USI.7d